36 research outputs found
BANANA LACE WING BUG (Stephanitis tyica Distant.)AND ITS CHEMICAL CONTROL STUDY
No full text一、本蟲為近一、二年來在本省中南部香蕉栽培區發現為害於香蕉的害蟲。
二、本蟲係郡集寄生於香蕉葉背，吸收養液，致而被害葉片呈黃誘狀蒼白色，並可引起葉片早期枯萎。寄生於香蕉之葉片背面，但以中老葉蟲口密度最多（20.52%），次為老葉（5.02%），嫩葉最少（0.99%）。
三、其發生密度，南部每株平均大寮為935.2隻，鳳山為411.7隻，林圍為403.0隻，中部雙龍為11.9隻，在月桃上者為10.6隻。
四、藥劑試驗，供試六種殺蟲劑對於香蕉編花編蟲均有優異之殺蟲效果，其殺蟲率均達99%以上
，而以85% Sevin W. P. 之防治效果最好，無論其1,000倍液或1,700倍液，其殺蟲率均達100%。藥劑間之殘效力，亦以85% Sevin W. P. 之效力最長，在施藥後經四週花編蟲均未發現。
Banana Lace Wing Bug (Stephanitis typica Distant.) is found attacking banana plants of banana growing areas in Central and Southern Taiwan recently, and it lives on the under surface of leaf and sucks the sap from the plants, thus turning the leaf into yellowish or white-greyish color and finally the plants withered.
This insect prefers feeding on the mature leaf (20.52%), then the old leaf (5.02%) and the young leaf (0.99%) respectively. The population is much larger in the southern than the central areas. This insect is also found on AlPinia seciosa K. Schumann (Family: Zingiberaceae) on this Island.
The chemical control test of this pest was carried out from November of 1964 to March of 1965 at Fengshan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Station. The insecticides were 60% Diazinon e. c., 50% Sumithion e. c., 85% Sevin w. p., 50% Dieldrin w. p., 45% EPN e. c., and 25% Metasystox i etc., 1:1,000 is in dilution. All the tested insecticides gave the good result in controlling this pest. Among these insecticides 85% Sevin showed the most effective and with longer residual effect for controlling this insect
An Ih-ivestigation on the Occurrence of Banana Black Spot (Macrophoma musae (Cooke) Ben. et Vogi.) and Its Chemical Control
No full text香蕉黑星病為香蕉嚴重病害之一，為害部位為香蕉之葉片及果賞，尤以果實被害較嚴重，在外銷檢驗標準中，對於該病亦列有相當嚴格之限制，可見其對於香蕉產銷影響之嚴重性。
本病於香蕉果賞上之發生情形極不一致。常因果手之著生位置，一果手中之果指層次及果指間排列順序之不同，而其病斑數之多寡亦有變化。
根據田問藥劑防治試驗結果，以Phaltan及Orthocide400倍稀釋液之防冶效果其每果指平均病斑數最少。惟因同一園地之香蕉抽穗開花期，參差不齊，故藥劑之使用，在時間上以及勞力上，確有相當的困難。
本病於果實上之感染期極早，當苞葉展開時，在果指上（一分熟）即可發現黑星病之病斑。此時因果皮組織幼嫩，施藥時，常引起嚴重之藥害，故防治上極為困難。Von Loesecke等氏(6)(7)(8)對於香蕉黑星病之防治，雖推荐採用套袋法，然據本試驗結果，套袋法雖微俊於對照區，但對於阻止黑星病之發生並無顯著之效果，是故套袋法之．應用實有重加考慮之必要。
Banana black spot, also called banana freckle, caused by Macrophoma musae (Cooke) Ben. et Vogi., is a severe disease on banana in Taiwan. The fungus forms a lot of minute raised spots, greyish or brown to dark-brown in color, on leaves and fruits which are prohibited to expert.
The occurrence of the disease on banana fruit is different from the position of hands in a bunch and the positions of layers and fingers on a hand. In most cases, the lowest hand of a bunch, the outer-layer and the central fingers of a hand are more seriously infected than the others. Two varieties, Awak and Radja, are the most susceptible among 53 varieties which are planted in the banana orchard of the Fengshan Tropical Horticultural Experment Station.
According to the result of fungicidal test, both 1-400 dilutions of Phaltan and Orthocide spraying en ;fruit biweekly for 3 times are very effective, but complete control is considered to be fairly difficult. Brestan 60, Phaltan and Mercuric Bordeaux caused phytotoxicity en the peels of young fruit. Wrapping up fruits with newspaper or special paper can’t revent the fruits from infection by banana freckle
A ESCRITA FEMININA E A CONSTRUÇÃO DO SER MULHER NO UNIVERSO POÉTICO DE MARIA HELENA CHEIN: THE FEMININE WRITING AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE WOMAN BEING IN THE POETIC UNIVERSE OF MARIA HELENA CHEIN
No full textThe aim of this work is to present and analyze the scope of the construction of the woman being present in the poetic works of Maria Helena Chein. For the development of the present study, the works Amor solto na terra (2004) and Pão ázimo sob a figueira (2019) were chosen. The fictional universe of the author presents numerous women as protagonists, conscious of their relations, actions and conditions. This way, the author doesn’t present the feminine being in a romanticized perspective. Chein’s writing explores what is more human and intimate in women as subjects, mainly when it comes to the theme of love. She depicts and explores interpersonal relationships and subjectivities of women, and in such a way, registers the feminine being intensely, reflectively, pondering her own condition. At the same time, when showing this poetic, fictional world filled with women, the study also seeks to bring forth considerations concerning the act of writing itself, particularly the feminine writing, after all it is about a woman that inserts the feminine subject in her own poetry. Regarding theoretical approaches, in order to reflect on the feminine writing and the representation of the woman being in Chein’s poems, we used the studies and considerations of scholars such as Nelly Novaes Coelho, Níncia Teixeira, Dulcineia Monteiro, Simone de Beauvoir, among others.Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar o escopo da construção do ser mulher presentes na obra poética de Maria Helena Chein. Para o desenvolvimento do presente estudo foram escolhidas as obras Amor solto na terra (2004) e Pão ázimo sob a figueira (2019). O universo ficcional da autora apresenta inúmeras mulheres como protagonistas, conscientes de suas relações, ações e condições. Dessa maneira, a autora não mostra o ser feminino sob a ótica romantizada. A escrita de Chein explora o que há de humano e íntimo no sujeito mulher, principalmente sob a temática do amor. Ela mostra e explora as relações interpessoais e as subjetividades da mulher e, assim, registra o ser feminino com força e iniciativas, reflexivo, fazendo ponderações acerca de sua própria condição. Concomitante a isso, ao mostrar esse mundo poético-ficcional repleto de mulheres, o estudo ainda busca trazer considerações acerca do próprio ato da escrita, notadamente a feminina, afinal temos uma mulher que insere em sua poesia o sujeito feminino. Quanto às incursões teóricas, para refletirmos acerca da escrita feminina e da representação do ser mulher nos poemas de Chein, nos valemos dos estudos e considerações de estudiosas como Nelly Novaes Coelho, Níncia Teixeira, Dulcineia Monteiro, Simone de Beauvoir, dentre outras
SudocAD: A Knowledge-Based System for the Author Linkage Problem
No full textInternational audienceSudocAD is a system concerning the author linkage problem in a bibliographic database context. Having a bibliographic database E and a (new) bibliographic notice d, r being an identifier of an author in E and r' being an identifier of an author in d: is that r and r' refer to the same author ? The system, which is a prototype, has been evaluated in a real situation. Compared to results given by expert librarians, the results of SudocAD are interesting enough to plan a transformation of the prototype into a production system. SudocAD is based on a method combining numerical and knowledge based techniques. This method is abstractly defined and even though SudocAD is devoted to the author linkage problem the method could be adapted for other kinds of linkage problems especially in the semantic web context
[[alternative]]Action research to implement environmental education in Junior High School out-of-school teaching
No full text[[abstract]]With a view to promoting out-of-school teaching in junior high school , four postgraduates of graduate institute of environmental education at National Taiwan Normal University, together with four teachers of Taipei City Nei-hu Junior High School, were in the great hope of discovering appropriate activities for out-of-school teaching by means of action research.
The span of the out-of-school activities design lasted for four months. Eight researchers were divided into four groups , each of which consisted of one postgraduate and one junior high school teacher. Then, the participating researchers carried out out-of-school teaching for a day, including ten natural awareness activities held at National Yangmingshan Park. One class, thirty two first-grade students included, of Taipei City Nei-hu Junior High School took part in this out-of-school teaching.
This research aims at exploring three issues. First , what is the professional development of the participating researchers ? Second , what are the obstacles and good effects of these researchers* cooperating with each other ? Third, as to the participating students, what are the good effects of these natural awareness activities?
According to the result of analyzing the research data, the participating teachers have cultivated several professional developments. For examples, the participating teachers liked to undertake natural awareness activities. In addition, the participating teachers also changed their opinions of the students* learning attitudes, and so on. These participating postgraduates also achieved the experiences of their professional developments; for examples, they have fathomed more concerning the substances of both environment education and action research. They have realized some skills in demonstrating the natural awareness activities as well.
While these researchers were cooperating with each others, there were also some obstacles. The participating researchers were too busy with their schoolwork. to spend more time carrying out their roles of designing activities . When the researchers were cooperating with each others, there were also some good effects. The participating teachers enriched the content of the activities immensely. They could also help check whether the activities were suitable for the participating students.
As far as those participating students are concerned, there were several good effects of the natural awareness activities. They enjoyed appreciating beautiful scenery to their heart*s content. They also came by some first-hand experiences about the natural environment. They partook of these out-of-school activities with much relish.
我國師範校院職前教師之河川生物環境概念調查研究
No full text[[abstract]]本研究自1997年11月至12月，針對我國師範校院環境教育相關科系職前教師，以問卷調查及五級評量指數等方式，進行河川生物環境概念之分析調查研究。本研究之目的，旨在了解中小學職前教師的河川環境概念來源、河川環境指標生物認知程度，以及河川生物多樣性相關概念及素養，俾便作為推動今後臺灣河川環境指標生物與生物多樣性應用於河川環境教育之參考。
在河川環境概念來源上分析指出，我國師範校院職前教師之相關概念主要來源明顯出自報章雜誌書刊、學校專門科目及廣播電視，而從社團經驗、會議活動及工作環境獲得概念之比例均最低。河川環境指標生物認知程度調查結果顯示，出現於臺灣地區的28類河川代表性生物中，有 6 類物種為所有職前教師所知道。研究結果同時也顯示，我國師範校院職前教師知道的物種也大多都看過，但主要為觀看臺灣河川生物圖片或影片的經驗，卻缺少野地實際觀察之體驗。此外，除了普遍棲息於台灣地區河川生態系的大肚魚及布袋蓮等兩類物種以外，職前教師普遍對於環境傳播媒體報導或中小學課程常介紹的生物，有較正確的種源概念認知。
在生物多樣性概念的評量上，只有20.6％的職前教師表示對於生物多樣性概念不清楚。本研究亦顯示，職前教師認為生物棲地破壞、水質汙染等人為因素是影響臺灣河川生物多樣性降低的主因。93.4％的職前教師基於影響原生種生存之理由而不贊同引進外來種生物；然而，同時也有41.2％的職前教師誤認為引進外來種後，長時期會增加生物多樣性。此外，職前教師認為，外來種生物侵入臺灣河川水域主要歸因於養殖棄養、宗教放生等人為因素。
本研究建議我國專家學者多編製河川環境相關教學媒體與教材，而職前教師可透過學校課程及媒體教材來增進相關環境素養。我國師範校院職前教師之河川環境指標生物及生物多樣性概念不清之課題，亦有賴於後續臺灣河川環境教育與愛水教育推行之改進。
[[alternative]]The comparison of body mass index, muscular strength and endurance and flexibility of visually impaired students with different degree.
No full text[[abstract]]The purpose of this study is to investigate the different of body mass index, muscular strength and endurance and flexibility of visually impaired students with different degree. The subjects are 85 senior students in National Tai-Chung City School for the Visually handicapped, age 15~23, include 39 blinds students (27 males, 12 females) and 46 weak sighted students (24 male, 22 female), and 85 students by random sampling (51 males, 34 females), age 15~21, in National Peitou senior Home Economic & Commercial Vocational High School. The subjects in comparison are divided into 6 groups according to gender and the degree of visual impairment. The items of the test include height, weight, body mass index (B.M.I.), sit-and-reach, sit-ups.
The results are as follows： 1) Blind males are significantly different in the items of height, weight and sit-ups with blind females (p<.05). 2) Weak sighted males are significantly different in the items of height and sit-ups with weak sighted females (p<. 05). 3) Sighted males are significantly different in the items of the height, weight and sit-ups with sighted females (p<. 05). 4) Sighted males are significantly different in the item of weight and BMI with weak sighted males (p<. 05). 5) Sighted males are significantly different in the item of height, sit-and-reach and sit-up with blind males. 6) Sighted females are significantly different in the items of height and BMI with weak sighted females (p<. 05). 7) Sighted females are significantly different in the items of height and sit-ups with blind females (p<. 05).
Visually impaired students are commonly worse then sighted students in physical development and physical abilities. The teachers in the school for the Visually handicapped should know the physical abilities of the students in the teaching of physical education, and to prove physical abilities of visually impaired students with places and installations in the school to adapt the daily life.
Equivalent linearization for random vibrations of a building with yielding girders
No full textThe stochastic response of a yielding 2DF system subjected to a stationary Gaussian white noise excitation is investigated. The particular model considered represents a structure with yielding girders, so is more realistic than the common rigid floor model. The responses considered are the stationary root mean square (RMS) distortions of columns and rotations of girders. Simulation results are presented, as well as an equivalent linearization to approximate the response levels.
A numerical integration scheme is presented to obtain simulation data on the stationary RMS distortions and rotations. The stationary RMS response is obtained by averaging a long sample time history (assuming ergodocity) of the response after the response has reached stationarity.
The equivalent linearization approach is based on a substitute structure concept. Values of linear parameters are determined from simulation data for the SDF system and are functions of ductility. The Lyapunov equation is then written to calculate the stationary RMS response of the linearized system. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.
Semi-supervised linear spectral unmixing using a hierarchical Bayesian model for hyperspectral imagery
Full text linkThis paper proposes a hierarchical Bayesian model that can be used for semi-supervised hyperspectral image unmixing. The model assumes that the pixel reflectances result from linear combinations of pure component spectra contaminated by an additive Gaussian noise. The abundance parameters appearing in this model satisfy positivity and additivity constraints. These constraints are naturally expressed in a Bayesian context by using appropriate abundance prior distributions. The posterior distributions of the unknown model parameters are then derived. A Gibbs sampler allows one to draw samples distributed according to the posteriors of interest and to estimate the unknown abundances. An extension of the algorithm is finally studied for mixtures with unknown numbers of spectral components belonging to a know library. The performance of the different unmixing strategies is evaluated via simulations conducted on synthetic and real data
A new construction of Bol loops of order 8k
No full textAbstractOne of the most interesting constructions of nonassociative Moufang loops is the construction by the first author of the loops M(G,2) [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 188 (1974) 31–51], in which the new loop is constructed as a split extension of a nonabelian group G by a cyclic group of order 2. This same construction will not produce non-Moufang Bol loops, even if we start with a Moufang loop instead of a group. We generalize the construction to produce a large class of Bol loops as extensions of B by Cm×Cn, where B can be any group or even any loop which satisfies the right Bol identity. We determine conditions under which the newly constructed loops will be Moufang and when they will be associative. We also find the nuclei, centrum, centre, and commutator/associator subloop of a loop constructed by this method, and we investigate which known Bol loops of small orders arise in this way
