1,095 research outputs found
Charge transfer in dissociating iodomethane and fluoromethane molecules ionized by intense femtosecond X-ray pulses
No full textCitation: Boll, R., Erk, B., Coffee, R., Trippel, S., Kierspel, T., Bomme, C., . . . Rudenko, A. (2016). Charge transfer in dissociating iodomethane and fluoromethane molecules ionized by intense femtosecond X-ray pulses. Structural Dynamics, 3(4). doi:10.1063/1.4944344Additional Authors: Marchenko, T.;Miron, C.;Patanen, M.;Osipov, T.;Schorb, S.;Simon, M.;Swiggers, M.;Techert, S.;Ueda, K.;Bostedt, C.;Rolles, D.;Rudenko, A.Ultrafast electron transfer in dissociating iodomethane and fluoromethane molecules was studied at the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron laser using an ultraviolet-pump, X-ray-probe scheme. The results for both molecules are discussed with respect to the nature of their UV excitation and different chemical properties. Signatures of long-distance intramolecular charge transfer are observed for both species, and a quantitative analysis of its distance dependence in iodomethane is carried out for charge states up to I21+. The reconstructed critical distances for electron transfer are in good agreement with a classical over-the-barrier model and with an earlier experiment employing a near-infrared pump pulse. © 2016 Author(s)
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Giant Mimivirus Particle with an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser
No full textCitation: Ekeberg, T., Svenda, M., Abergel, C., Maia, F., Seltzer, V., Claverie, J. M., . . . Hajdu, J. (2015). Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Giant Mimivirus Particle with an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser. Physical Review Letters, 114(9), 6. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.098102We present a proof-of-concept three-dimensional reconstruction of the giant mimivirus particle from experimentally measured diffraction patterns from an x-ray free-electron laser. Three-dimensional imaging requires the assembly of many two-dimensional patterns into an internally consistent Fourier volume. Since each particle is randomly oriented when exposed to the x-ray pulse, relative orientations have to be retrieved from the diffraction data alone. We achieve this with a modified version of the expand, maximize and compress algorithm and validate our result using new methods.Additional Authors: Andersson, I.;Loh, N. D.;Martin, A. V.;Chapman, H.;Bostedt, C.;Bozek, J. D.;Ferguson, K. R.;Krzywinski, J.;Epp, S. W.;Rolles, D.;Rudenko, A.;Hartmann, R.;Kimmel, N.;Hajdu, J
Creativity M. Rudenko in Philosophical Discourse Twentieth Century
No full textУ статті проаналізовано науково-фантастичні та художні романи М. Руденка і доведено, що твори належать до жанру філософського роману. Аналіз основних філософських ідей М. Руденка показує, що митець у своїх творах понад усе ставить Людину. Основна тема художніх творів автора – пошук сенсу людського існування. У науково-фантастичних романах автора реалізація філософських ідей проходить як апологія авторської філософської теорії. Окремим питанням розглянуто філософську працю М. Руденка «Гносис і сучасність», де автор подає на розсуд читачеві власну філософську теорію світобудови.In the article explores the science-fiction novels and artwork N. Rudenko and proved that the works belong to the genre of the philosophical novel. Analysis of the main philosophical ideas of Rudenko shows the artist in his work above all became a man . The main theme of fiction author - search for the meaning of human existence. In science fiction novels by the realization of philosophical ideas is how the author's apology philosophical theory. Another issue deals with the philosophical work of M. Rudenko «Gnosis and Modernity», where the author takes the reader to the discretion of his own philosophical theory of the universe
Imaging single cells in a beam of live cyanobacteria with an X-ray laser
No full textCitation: van der Schot, G., Svenda, M., Maia, F., Hantke, M., DePonte, D. P., Seibert, M. M., . . . Ekeberg, T. (2015). Imaging single cells in a beam of live cyanobacteria with an X-ray laser. Nature Communications, 6, 9. doi:10.1038/ncomms6704There exists a conspicuous gap of knowledge about the organization of life at mesoscopic levels. Ultra-fast coherent diffractive imaging with X-ray free-electron lasers can probe structures at the relevant length scales and may reach sub-nanometer resolution on micron-sized living cells. Here we show that we can introduce a beam of aerosolised cyanobacteria into the focus of the Linac Coherent Light Source and record diffraction patterns from individual living cells at very low noise levels and at high hit ratios. We obtain two-dimensional projection images directly from the diffraction patterns, and present the results as synthetic X-ray Nomarski images calculated from the complex-valued reconstructions. We further demonstrate that it is possible to record diffraction data to nanometer resolution on live cells with X-ray lasers. Extension to sub-nanometer resolution is within reach, although improvements in pulse parameters and X-ray area detectors will be necessary to unlock this potential.Additional Authors: Almeida, N. F.;Odic, D.;Hasse, D.;Carlsson, G. H.;Larsson, D. S. D.;Barty, A.;Martin, A. V.;Schorb, S.;Bostedt, C.;Bozek, J. D.;Rolles, D.;Rudenko, A.;Epp, S.;Foucar, L.;Rudek, B.;Hartmann, R.;Kimmel, N.;Holl, P.;Englert, L.;Loh, N. T. D.;Chapman, H. N.;Andersson, I.;Hajdu, J.;Ekeberg, T
Communication: X-ray coherent diffractive imaging by immersion in nanodroplets
No full textCitation: Tanyag, R. M. P., Bernando, C., Jones, C. F., Bacellar, C., Ferguson, K. R., Anielski, D., . . . Vilesov, A. F. (2015). Communication: X-ray coherent diffractive imaging by immersion in nanodroplets. Structural Dynamics, 2(5), 9. doi:10.1063/1.4933297Lensless x-ray microscopy requires the recovery of the phase of the radiation scattered from a specimen. Here, we demonstrate a de novo phase retrieval technique by encapsulating an object in a superfluid helium nanodroplet, which provides both a physical support and an approximate scattering phase for the iterative image reconstruction. The technique is robust, fast-converging, and yields the complex density of the immersed object. Images of xenon clusters embedded in superfluid helium droplets reveal transient configurations of quantum vortices in this fragile system. (C) 2015 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.Additional Authors: Neumark, D. M.;Rolles, D.;Rudek, B.;Rudenko, A.;Siefermann, K. R.;Ullrich, J.;Weise, F.;Bostedt, C.;Gessner, O.;Vilesov, A. F
The environment in the group of a preschool educational institution as a condition for the successful adaptation of children 1.5- 2 years old
No full textKvalifikācijas darba “Pirmsskolas izglītības iestādes grupas vide kā sekmīgas adaptācijas nosacījums 1,5-2 gadīgiem bērniem” mērķis ir teorētiski izzināt un praktiski pētīt iestādes grupas vidi kā sekmīgas adaptācijas nosacījumu 1,5-2 gadīgiem bērniem. Kursa darba autore: Svetlana Rudenko Kursa darba vadītāja: Jana Buboviča Kvalifikācijas darbs tika izstrādāts, pamatojoties uz projektu skola2030, pirmsskolas izglītības programmu un zinātnisko rakstu analīzi. Šis darbs sastāv no divām daļām. Pētījuma teorētiskajā daļā autore analizē zinātnisko literatūru par 1,5-2 gadus vecu bērnu attīstības īpatnībām, sekmīgas adaptācijas nosacījumiem un vidi kā veiksmīgas adaptācijas nosacījumu. Pētījuma praktiskajā daļā darba autore veic pedagogu aptauju, lai noskaidrotu citu pedagogu pieredzi, saistībā ar adaptācijas periodu pirmsskolā. Bērni tiek novēroti adaptācijas sākumā jaunā vidē. Balstoties uz teorētisko analīzi, tiek atlasīti pieci bērni ar smagu adaptāciju. Darba autore šiem bērniem vada adaptācijas nodarbības un piefiksē bērnu reakcijas uz pedagoga darbībām. Pētījuma beigās tiek veikta atkārtota novērošana un izdarīti secinājumi. Kvalifikācijas darba apjoms ir 43 lpp, 26 izmantotās literatūras avoti, 4 tabulas, 12 attēli, 3 pielikumi Atslēgvārdi: adaptācija pirmsskolā, 1,5-2 gadus veci bērni, mācību vide, sadarbībaThe purpose of the qualification work "The environment in the group of preschool educational institution as a condition for the successful adaptation of children 1.5-2 years old" is to theoretically learn and practically study the group environment of the institution as a condition for successful adaptation for 1.5-2-year-old children. The author: Svetlana Rudenko Academic advisor: Mg. Paed. Jana Bubovica The qualification thesis was developed on the basis of the school 2030 project, preschool education program and analysis of scientific articles. This work consists of two parts. In the theoretical part of the research, the author analyzes the scientific literature on the peculiarities of the development of 1,5-2 years old children, the conditions for successful adaptation and the environment as a condition for successful adaption. In the practical part of the research, the author of the work conducts a survey of pedagogues in order to find out the experience of other pedagogues in connection with the adaptation period in preschool. Children are observed at the beginning of adaptation in a new environment. Based on the theoretical analysis, five children with difficult adaptation are selected. The author of the work conducts adaptation lessons for these children and records the children's reactions to the teacher’s actions. At the end of the study, repeated observation is carried out and conclusions are drawn. The volume of the qualification work is 43 pages, 26 used literature sources, 4 tables, 12 images, 3 annexes Keywords: adaptation in preschool, 1,5-2 years old children, learning environment, cooperatio
Philosophical and Economic Manuscripts of Mykola Rudenko: Priceless Treasure was Unvalued of Descendants
No full textУ статті проаналізовано оригінальне вчення Миколи Руденка (1920–2004) про сутність зв’язку людини й суспільства з біосферою як космічним феноменом та засади їх гармонійного розвитку, який може здійсню-ватися лише за умов «прирощення енергії». На цьому у XVIII ст. наполягали французькі фізіократи; означений шлях вважали єдино прийнятним С. Подолинський, В. Вернадський, А. Сахаров та ін. На основі дослідження автор приходить до висновку щодо актуальності ідей М. Руденка для України й сучасного світу. The original teaching of Mykola Rudenko (1920−2004) is analysed in the article. He went through a difficult way of spiritual evolution: from the communist-stalinist to the communist who is looking for truth and the dissident. Our countryman paid attention to the discrepancy between the low standard of living of workers in the Soviet Union and the high cost of labor and material resources in industrial and agricultural production. He found the reason of it in violation of the fundamental principles of communication between the man, society, the biosphere, the nature of Earth and the Universe, which were the result of practical application of theoretical principles of Marxism. M. Rudenko proved that harmonious development of any modern society is possible only in case of orientation of all its spheres to “an energy increment”. The French Physiocrats insisted on this in the XVIII century; the same way is considered the only possible by S. Podolynsky, V. Vernadsky, A. Sakharov and others. The author comes to the conclusion that the relevance of the ideas of M.Rudenko for Ukraine and the modern world on the basis of the produced research
Opening Ukraine to the world (to the 80th anniversary of Academician of the NAS of Ukraine L.H. Rudenko)
No full text24 серпня виповнюється 80 років видатному українському географу, лауреату Державної премії України в галузі науки і техніки (1993), заслуженому діячеві науки і техніки України (2003), лауреату премії ім. В.І. Вернадського
НАН України (2003), фундатору і багаторічному директору (1991–2019) Інституту географії НАН України, доктору географічних наук (1984), професору (2001), академіку НАН України (2009) Леоніду Григоровичу Руденку.August, 24 marks the 80th anniversary of the outstanding Ukrainian geographer, Laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine
in Science and Technology (1993), Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine (2003), Laureate of Vernadskyi
Prize of NAS of Ukraine (2003), founder and long-term Director (1991–2019) of the Institute of Geography of the NAS
of Ukraine, Doctor of Geographical Sciences (1984), Professor (2001), Academician of the NAS of Ukraine (2009)
Leonid H. Rudenko
ГЛЮТОНІМИ-СИМВОЛИ ТЕМПОРАТИВНОГО ЦИКЛУ «УКРАЇНСЬКА ВЕСНЯНА ОБРЯДОВІСТЬ»
No full textIn the article «Gluttonims-symbols of temporative cycle» Ukrainian spring folk-calendarian ceremonialism» S. Rudenko considers lingual and conceptual symbiosis of nutrition sphere nominations and sign-oriented time lines, which are the form of expressing deep world outlook ideas of Ukrainians. It is emphasized that nutritional symbols manifest common idea of the event, personifying the situation in general, and stressing he importance of background knowledge and cultural competence. The purpose of the proposed study is to examine the connection between glutonim-linguistic signs of the food picture of the world with a wide spectrum of expression plan (from word to text) and the content plan (the translation of cultural information, background, concepts, connotations, etc.) on the basis of the Ukrainian ethnolinguistic discourse, – meaningful cultural symbols, and temporatives nominating certain time intervals of spring folk-calendar rituals. The author analyzes semantics of the linguistic signs, conceptually related to the semantics of food consumption / refusal of food, which fi ll such terminals as the duration of food intake during one meal; multiplicity of food intakes during the day; intervals between individual meals; the order of food consumption within a single meal; duration of cooking; culturally preconditioned time parameters of food consumption: daily, weekly, family-ritual, calendar-ritual, church-ritual; special calendar periods, etc.У статті «Глютоніми-символи темпоративного циклу «Українська весняна народно-календарна обрядовость» С. Руденко розглядається мовний та концептуальний симбіоз номінацій харчової сфери й знакових часових відрізків, що є формою вираження глибинних світоглядних уявлень українців. Підкреслюється, що символи харчового характеру маніфестують загальну ідею події, персоніфікуючи ситуацію в цілому та підкреслюючи важливість фонових знань і культурної компетенції
Ultrafast x-ray-induced nuclear dynamics in diatomic molecules using femtosecond x-ray-pump–x-ray-probe spectroscopy
No full textThe capability of generating two intense, femtosecond x-ray pulses with a controlled time delay opens the possibility of performing time-resolved experiments for x-ray-induced phenomena. We have applied this capability to study the photoinduced dynamics in diatomic molecules. In molecules composed of low-Z elements, K-shell ionization creates a core-hole state in which the main decay mode is an Auger process involving two electrons in the valence shell. After Auger decay, the nuclear wave packets of the transient two-valence-hole states continue evolving on the femtosecond time scale, leading either to separated atomic ions or long-lived quasibound states. By using an x-ray pump and an x-ray probe pulse tuned above the K-shell ionization threshold of the nitrogen molecule, we are able to observe ion dissociation in progress by measuring the time-dependent kinetic energy releases of different breakup channels. We simulated the measurements on N with a molecular dynamics model that accounts for K-shell ionization, Auger decay, and the time evolution of the nuclear wave packets. In addition to explaining the time-dependent feature in the measured kinetic energy release distributions from the dissociative states, the simulation also reveals the contributions of quasibound states
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