1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Influence of body laterality on recovery from subjective visual vertical tilt after vestibular neuritis
No full textThe subjective visual vertical (SVV) is an indicator of vestibular otolithic function and mainly processed by the nondominant parietal cortex. We investigated the hypothesis that recovery from SVV tilt after vestibular neuritis can be influenced by the body's lateral preference. This prospective cohort follow-up study included 254 consecutive adult patients with vestibular neuritis. The recovery from SVV tilt was faster in patients with a left hand or eye dominance than in those with a right dominance. While in left-handers the side of the neuritis did not affect the speed of recovery, in right handed subjects, the recovery from a right-sided neuritis was significantly slower than from a left-sided affection. These observations suggest that subjects with a left sensorimotor dominance have developed more significant midline-crossing projections to the parietal cortex, allowing them to cope faster with a unilateral vestibular deficit.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Subjective Visual Vertical Tilt Attraction to the Side of Rod Presentation: Effects of Age, Sex, and Vestibular Disorders
No full textObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of initial rod position on the subjective visual vertical (SVV) tilt and to investigate the effect of sex and age on the SVV tilt induced by this initial position. Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients: The study included 6598 consecutive patients with a large range of vestibular disorders and 333 control subjects. The mean age was 55 years (range, 3-97), and the sex ratio was 0.6. Intervention: SVV was measured by presenting a phosphorescent rod 12 times in total darkness with a 45-degree deviation from the vertical alternatively on the right and left. The patient was asked to replace the bar vertically with a remote control. Results: On average, SVV at each iteration was tilted to the side of the rod presentation. It was stronger in female subjects, in younger individuals (50). It was also higher in patients with a left vestibular loss in comparison to those with a right involvement. Conclusions: These effects suggest that short-term visual memory and multisensory cortical processing interfere with SVV measurements.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Maturation of Subjective Visual Vertical in Children
No full textInternational audienceObjective: The attraction of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) to the side of initial rod presentation has already been described in adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate this phenomenon in children and to analyze the effect of sex and maturation in this population., Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study., Setting: Tertiary referral center., Patients: Six hundred and one individuals aged between 4 and 19 years., Intervention: All subjects underwent a complete balance workup. SVV was measured by presenting a laser line 12 times in total darkness with a 45 degrees deviation from the vertical alternatively on the left and the right. The patient was seated and asked to replace the bar vertically with a remote control., Results: On average, SVV was tilted to the side of the rod presentation at each iteration. The cumulative tilt to the side of presentation after 12 measures was higher in the 4 to 7 years age group and decreased progressively with age (25 +/- 2.2 degrees in 4-7 years, n = 109 versus 5 +/- 1.4 in 15-19 years, n = 204, p < 0.001, analysis of variance [ANOVA]). The cumulative tilt was higher in girls than in boys in the 15 to 19 years group (8 +/- 2.5 degrees, n = 104 versus 2 +/- 1.2, n = 100, respectively, p < 0.001, ANOVA). This phenomenon appeared independent from the type of vestibular disorder., Conclusion: Young children are highly attracted to the side of rod presentation during SVV measurements. This phenomenon gradually disappears with maturation, faster in boys than in girls., Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Compan
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Editorial: Role of Inner Ear in Self and Environment Perception
No full textInternational audienceEditorial on the Research Topic Role of Inner Ear in Self and Environment Perception Otoneurology and vestibular neuroscience recently advanced with a better understanding of the vestibular contributions to perceptual and cognitive functions, reaching far beyond balance, and eye-movement control. Pioneering clinical observations established connections between dizziness and altered sense of self, distortions of the body schema, and symptoms resembling depersonalization and derealization (1, 2). However, studies in large samples of patients with dizziness have only recently validated the assumption that the vestibular system is the main contributor to the bodily self (3, 4). Recent epidemiological studies have also linked vestibular disorders to cognitive deficits. For example, a survey in over 20,000 adults established that individuals reporting vestibular vertigo had an eight-fold increase in the odds of reporting impaired memory and attention, limiting their activities (5). Another survey conducted in adults over 60 years revealed that vestibular impairment partially mediated the association between age and cognitive impairment. It was estimated that vestibular impairment mediates 14.3% of the effects of age on cognition and that it accelerates cognitive decline by 5 years in a visuo-spatial test (6). These studies raise the necessity to investigate more carefully the effects of vestibular impairment in dementia and several psychiatric disorders (7, 8). Research in this area benefited from a better delineation of the human vestibular cortex. Functional MRI (fMRI) studies and meta-analyses of neuroimaging data have revealed that the cortical vestibular network is centered on the operculo-insular/retroinsular cortex (9) and that vestibular inputs also project to the temporo-parietal junction, cingulate cortex, somatosensory cortex, posterior parietal cortex, hippocampus, and frontal eye fields (10). These widespread vestibular projections to the brain were recently confirmed in whole-brain functional mapping in rodents using fMRI, local field potentials, and optogenetics (11, 12). We note that recent descriptions of functional connectivity, metabolic, and morphological brain alterations in peripheral vestibular disorders or chronic subjective dizziness [e.g., (13-15)] offer the possibility to evaluate, in a non-invasive manner, how various vestibular rehabilitation methods and drugs can improve brain plasticity. Finally, recent fMRI studies revealed the influence of cognition, emotion, and personality traits (such as neuroticism and introversion) on vestibular information processing [e.g., (16, 17)]. These observations suggest an expansion of the vestibular brain network into dimensions of emotion processing, mental health, and social cognition. This Research Topic collection includes 17 articles combining contributions from authors with a large range of expertise in medicine and basic science, including neurology, otorhinolaryngology, neurophysiology, physiotherapy, neuropsychology, cognitive neuroscience, and bioengineering
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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