177,679 research outputs found
Can The Fifth Enlargement Weaken The EU's Development Cooperation? Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series Vol.5 No. 24 August 2005
No full text[From the introduction]. The European Union (EU) agreed at the European Council meeting in Copenhague on 13 December 2002 to admit 10 new members from Central Europe and the Mediterranean who meet the political and economic criteria for membership: stable democracy, respect for human rights and the rule of law. As full market economies they will implement all the EU’s common rules and policies. After membership in accordance with the Athens Treaty and Act of Accession signed on April 16, 2003, the new member states of the EU will participate actively in the Acquis Communautaire regulating all areas of the Community action in accordance with the solutions and adaptations negotiated with the new member states on the basis of the principle of a wholesale taking over of the acquis but subject to transitional measures and temporary derogations as in earlier accession acts (Boos and Forman, 1995) (Granell,1995). Development has not been a contentious issue in the accession negotiation process and for this reason the subject has not received a lot of attention, even if with this evolution the new members accept the process of change from being a recipient of development assistance into being a international donor. The main reason of this limited interest in the topic is the fact that Development co-operation of the accession countries have been practically negligible until now. The new member states represent about 25% of the EU population, about 5% of the EU income (about 11% in purchasing power parity terms) but only 0,43% of the Aid flows from the EU to developing countries. Formal negotiations on the chapter related to development cooperation (Chapter 26 – External Relations) have been closed with no exceptions agreed, therefore the new candidates will apply the relevant Community acquis and enforce the legal and institutional framework of the “Development cooperation Acquis” as an integral part of the EU’s external policies from the very first day of membership
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
La propuesta de Alejo Carpentier en "Lo real maravilloso de américa" (1948) y la mirada surrealista insular en isla Cofre mítico (1951) de Eugenio F. Granell.
No full texthttps://doi.org/10.32997/2027-0585-vol.0-num.14-2019-2436El presente estudio ofrece puntos de comparación y contraste entre la mirada insular caribeña del artista y autor exiliado Eugenio F. Granell y la tesis identitaria sobre América Latina del escritor y musicólogo Alejo Carpentier. En su ensayo “Lo real maravilloso de América”, Carpentier denunciaba la falsa representación de América Latina por parte de los seguidores de la corriente surrealista que -como André Breton y Granell en su libro Isla cofre mítico- fueron arrastrados al nuevo continente por las guerras en Europa. El interrogante de quién podría adjudicarse el legítimo papel de representante de América, nos hace cuestionar si realmente Carpentier, de origen europeo y formado intelectualmente en París, logró plasmar la autenticidad americana a la que aspiraba en su ensayo. Partiendo de esta duda, el presente estudio girará en torno a las siguientes preguntas: ¿en qué diferían el acercamiento insular de Granell y los argumentos de los que se sirvió Carpentier para representar el paisaje de América Latina? ¿A qué modelos recurrieron ambos escritores y qué problemas presentaban estas dos representaciones del escenario americano? Y, finalmente, ¿se podría interpretar Isla cofre mítico como una respuesta o reacción a las críticas hacia la corriente surrealista que aparecen en el ensayo de Carpentier
An incremental approach to web service composition
No full textGeographic web services will soon become subsumed in the e-commerce world, a world where the composition of simple or atomic services to build compound services is a key characteristic. Since currently no detailed model of composite geographic web services exists, and within the scope of work on a European Union-funded project, we define such basic composition as part of an effort to test for geographic web service interoperability. Rather than adopting current static methods, we build on the concept of incremental composition and provide a model for defining, composing and invoking compositions in a flexible manner.Keywords: Web service composition, incremental composition, semantic interoperability, interoperability testing. 
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Atlas geográfico, histórico y estadístico de España y sus posesiones de Ultramar
No full textCada parte con portada propia - Portadas con escudos litográficos.Texto fileteado a varias columnas.Pie de imprenta de la parte segunda: Barcelona: Imprenta de F. Granell y A. Teixidó.Cada uno de los mapas: "Grabado por R. Alabern y E. Mabón"Parte primera: Cuadros sinópticos de la Historia de España (XXXXVI cuadros) -- Parte segunda: Cuadros sinópticos-Geografía y estadística de las provincias de España y de sus posesiones de Ultramar (LII cuadros, 40 mapas col.
a brief assessment
No full textDegbelo, A., Bhattacharya, D., Granell, C., & Trilles, S. (2016). Toolkits for smarter cities: a brief assessment. In C. R. García, P. Caballero-Gil, M. Burmester, & A. Quesada-Arencibia (Eds.), Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence (pp. 431-436). ( Lecture Notes in Computer Science). Springer International Publishing.The literature has offered a number of surveys regarding the concept of smart city, but few assessments of toolkits. This paper presents a short analysis of existing smart city toolkits. The analysis yields some general observations about existing toolkits. The article closes with a brief introduction of the Open City Toolkit, a toolkit currently under development which aims at addressing some of the gaps of existing toolkits.preprintauthorsversionpublishe
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Multimodality, interactivity, and crowdsourcing for document transcription
No full textThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Granell, Emilio, Romero, Verónica, Martínez-Hinarejos, Carlos-D.. (2018). Multimodality, interactivity, and crowdsourcing for document transcription.Computational Intelligence, 34, 2, 398-419. DOI: 10.1111/coin.12169, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1111/coin.12169.. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] Knowledge mining from documents usually use document engineering techniques that allow the user to access the information contained in documents of interest. In this framework, transcription may provide efficient access to the contents of handwritten documents. Manual transcription is a time-consuming task that can be sped up by using different mechanisms. A first possibility is employing state-of-the-art handwritten text recognition systems to obtain an initial draft transcription that can be manually amended. A second option is employing crowdsourcing to obtain a massive but not error-free draft transcription. In this case, when collaborators employ mobile devices, speech dictation can be used as a transcription source, and speech and handwritten text recognition can be fused to provide a better draft transcription, which can be amended with even less effort. A final option is using interactive assistive frameworks, where the automatic system that provides the draft transcription and the transcriber cooperate to generate the final transcription. The novel contributions presented in this work include the study of the data fusion on a multimodal crowdsourcing framework and its integration with an interactive system. The use of the proposed solutions reduces the required transcription effort and optimizes the overall performance and usability, allowing for a better transcription process.projects READ, Grant/Award Number: 674943; (European Union's H2020); Smart Ways, Grant/Award Number: RTC-2014-1466-4; (MINECO); CoMUN-HaT, Grant/Award Number: TIN2015-70924-C2-1-R; (MINECO / FEDER)Granell, E.; Romero, V.; Martínez-Hinarejos, C. (2018). Multimodality, interactivity, and crowdsourcing for document transcription. Computational Intelligence. 34(2):398-419. https://doi.org/10.1111/coin.12169S39841934
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