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Diabetic patient's self-care and management visiting to the Lahore General Hospital Pakistan
Full text linkNazish Ghaffar
Diabetic Patient’s self-care and management visiting to the Lahore General Hospital Pakistan
43 and 2 appendices
Spring 2020
Diaconia University of Applied Sciences
Arcada University of Applied Sciences
University of East Africa, Baraton Kenya
Master’s Degree in Health Care and Social Services
Master of Global Health Care,
Emergency preparedness and disaster management.
Diabetes Mellitus appears to be a global epidemic and increasingly major non-communicable disease threatening in both affluent and non-affluent society. At present, Pakistan ranks 6th among the countries with the highest burden of diabetes mellitus Pakistan with a population of 200 million has more than 10% of its adult population as diabetics (Shaikh, 2009). A decision of this research was made to study about the management and the self-care of the patients visiting to the Lahore General Hospital.
Aim of this research is to study about the patient’s self-care and management visiting to the Lahore General Hospital and the research question is that, How the patients are taking care of themselves and How much patients have the knowledge about the diabetes and the possibilities of the complications of untreated disease? Purpose was to find out the possible gaps in the knowledge and management of diabetes mellitus.
A descriptive cross-sectional study has been carried out on 120 patients visiting the medicine department OPD Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Data has been collected over the period of 3 months during the March, April and May 2019 by the non – probability convenience sampling method for both genders. Prior permission has been taken from the ethical review committee and by signing the consent forms before collecting the data.
The results show that the overall level of awareness in both male and female diabetics has been found low; and comparatively the occurrence of diabetes has been found high in females as males.
It has been observed from the results that, the patients are lacking the awareness of the possibilities of the complications of untreated disease. The highest response was 78.3 percent who responded to the correct answer. The lowest percentage of correct answers was 39.2%. It was asked from the participants if they know what does hypoglycaemia means and what are its symptoms. The results are very surprising that more than half of the participants are not having awareness about the management and the self-care plans of the disease. Rest of the percentages of correct answers falls between 39.2% - 78.3%.
The overall level of awareness in both male and female diabetics was low; and. In diabetics, patients are expected to follow a complex set of self-care and management for their diabetes on daily basis and it have a dramatic impact on the progression and development of their disease by participating in their own care. Major gaps have been found on which diabetic patients have to work on. In diabetics, patients are expected to follow the special guidelines of self-care and management on daily basis
PERANAN KHAN ABDUL GHAFFAR KHAN DALAM MEMBENTUK KHUDAI KHIDMATGAR
No full textLatar belakang penulis mengambil masalah ini karena peneliti tertarik dengan sosok Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan yang memperjuangkan gerakan anti kekerasan untuk melawan kekuasaan Inggris di India di tengah-tengah masyarakat suku Pashtun. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode historis. Masalah utama yang diangkat dalam skripsi ini adalah “Bagaimana peranan Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan dalam membentuk Khudai Khidmatgar untuk memperjuangkan kemerdekaan India?” Masalah utama tersebut kemudian dibagi menjadi tiga pertanyaan penelitian, yaitu (1). Bagaimana latar belakang Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan dalam membentuk organisasi Khudai Khidmatgar untuk memperjuangkan kemerdekaan India? (2). Bagaimana peranan Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan dalam perkembangan Khudai Khidmatgar pada gerakan kemerdekaan India? (3). Apa dampak perjuangan Khudai Khidmatgar bagi rakyat India, suku Pashtun dan kekuasaan Inggris di India? Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama Khudai Khidmatgar dibentuk karena adanya sebuah usulan dari pengikut Khan untuk membentuk sebuah organisasi anti kekerasan yang kemudian digunakan Khan sebagai alat perjuangannya untuk melakukan gerakan anti kekerasan bersama pengikutnya dalam memperjuangkan kemerdekaan India. Kedua, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat besar dalam setiap gerakan yang dilakukan oleh Khudai Khidmatgar. Ketiga, gerakan yang dilakukan oleh Khan dan Khudai Khidmatgar tidak berdampak lagsung pada kemerdekaan bagi rakyat India akan tetapi member contoh yang baik bahwa gerakan anti kekerasan dapat dilakukan oleh siapapun sekalipun orang-orang yang mmpunyai kebudayaan kekerasan.
Kata Kunci: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Gerakan Anti Kekerasan, Pashtun
Background authors take these problems because researchers are interested in the figure of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan who struggle non-violent movement against the British rule in India in the middle of Pashtun tribal society. The method used is the historical method. The main issues raised in this paper is "How Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan's role in shaping the Khudai Khidmatgar to fight for India's independence?" The main problem is then divided into three research questions, namely (1). How backgrounds Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan in shaping the organization Khudai Khidmatgar to fight for the independence of India? (2). How is the role of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan in the development of Khudai Khidmatgar in the Indian independence movement? (3). What impact Khudai Khidmatgar struggle for the people of India, and the Pashtun tribes of British rule in India? Based on this research, there are several conclusions. First Khudai Khidmatgar formed due to a proposal from Khan's followers to form an anti-violence organization which is then used Khan as a tool of struggle for the anti-violence movement along with his followers in the fight for Indian independence. Secondly, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan has a huge influence in every movement made by Khudai Khidmatgar. Third, the movement made by Khan and Khudai Khidmatgar lagsung no impact on independence for the people of India but the members a good example that the anti-violence movement can be done by anyone even those who mmpunyai culture of violence.
Kata Kunci: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Gerakan Anti Kekerasan, Pashtu
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Linear precoders for multiuser MIMO for finite constellations and a simplified receiver structure under controlled interference
No full textA MIMO broadcast strategy and interference cancellation in single frequency cellular system
No full textSandakan Municipal Council / Liza Ghaffar
Full text linkTocal Authorities (LAs), which first appeared in Sandakan is the Sandakan SANITARY BOARD. Then this was replaced with PADANG TOWN BOARD (Sandakan Town Board) which was established on December 16, 1961 under the enforcement of the Local Government Ordinance, 1961. An Officer appointed under Section 69 of the Ordinance is leading the institute administration. Chairman ofthe Board is not a full-time employee ofthe Town Board or the Public Service. However, with the abolition of the office of Resident Sandakan on January 1, 1979, the chairmanship has been taken over by a former resident, an employee of the Public Service by post "Commissioner". COUNCIL PADANG was created after the merger of The Board of Sandakan Municipal and Rural District Council on January 1, 1982. Title "Commissioner" has been replaced by "President" and "Officer" to "Secretary". On January 1, 1984, OFFICE DISTRICT been repealed by the State and some of the tasks and responsibilities assumed by the Sandakan Municipal Council and former district officer became "Deputy President
Behaviour of semi-rigid composite connections subject to wind loads
No full textThis thesis describes a numerical study and an experimental investigation of the behaviour of semi-rigid beam-to-column composite connections subject to wind loads. Connections in composite frames are normally designed as pin-jointed connections. Diagonal wind bracing is included in such buildings to resist wind loads. The use of semi-rigid connections in the design of such frames can provide substantial savings in material and erection costs. It also avoids the intrusion of bracing into the useful space within the building.The connection was studied numerically using a finite element package (ANSYS). The parameters affecting the behaviour of the connection have been used to develop two-dimensional finite element models for the different configurations. A three-dimensional model was also developed to check the accuracy of the two-dimensional analysis. Material properties, geometrical dimensions, boundary conditions and loading were carefully given as input data to represent, as realistically as possible, those of the actual joint. Material non-linearly was considered for concrete, steel, reinforcing bars and shear connectors. The bolt slip and the construction tolerance were also accounted for. The developed model was then used to determine not only the overall stiffness of the frame but also the stress and deformation distributions within the joint components. Different options for stiffening up the joint laterally were also studied. The models predicted with a very good accuracy the joint lateral stiffness under horizontal loading. Also they provided useful information which could not be obtained experimentally e.g., concrete stresses, tensile stresses in the reinforcing bars.An experimental investigation was carried out to verify the safe behavioural prediction of this type of connection. Because of the high cost and time consumption required to make the sample, a single and representative connection was selected on which the experimental work was carried out.</p
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Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
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are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of Sowing Date and Bean Cultivars (Ghaffar, Talash, and Sadri) on the Damage by Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera) in Agronomic Conditions of Iran
No full textLegumes, particularly beans, are a crucial human food source, second only to grains. However, the presence of bean pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), poses a significant threat to beans, causing quantitative and qualitative damage each year. To evaluate the effect of sowing date and cultivar on bean pod borer damage in Markazi Province, Iran. A split plot experiment design based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and nine treatments was conducted over two crop years (2020-2021 and 2021-2022). The main plot had three sowing dates: 15 days earlier than the conventional date (early sowing), the conventional date, and 15 days later than the conventional date (late sowing). The subplot focused on three pinto bean cultivars: “Ghaffar,” “Talash,” and, “Sadri.” General, “Sadri” showed the highest mean of the number of larvae in per plant (0.46–0.53) and infection rate, while “Ghaffar” had the lowest mean of number of larvae (0.24–0.30) in both years. The mean of damaged pods was highest (0.42–0.61) in “Sadri” for both years, but lowest in “Ghaffar” (0.27–0.3) for both years. Similarly, the mean of the highest (4.08–4.96) and the lowest (1.54–1.79) damage percentages were observed in “Sadri” and “Ghaffar,” respectively, in both years. “Sadri” had the highest mean number of damaged grains (0.58–0.61) in both years, with “Talash” having the lowest (0.30) in the first year and “Ghaffar” (0.30) in the second year. Moreover, despite the higher pest population and damage, early sowing (May 20) resulted in higher yields in both years. The highest yield was associated to early-sown “Ghaffar” plants whose yield was 3581.00 ± 225.43 kg/ha in the first year and 3571.0 ± 223.40 kg/ha in the second year. Thus, since “Ghaffar” is more pest-tolerant, it can be recommended for cultivation in infested areas
Degradation and analysis of synthetic polymeric materials for biomedical applications
Full text linkDe afgelopen jaren is de vraag naar afbreekbare biomaterialen op basis van synthetische polymeren gestaag gegroeid. Afbreekbare biomaterialen worden onder andere toegepast op het terrein van gecontroleerde medicijnafgifte, in weefselkweek, als botschraag en als implantaat. De analyse van de chemische structuur van deze materialen levert informatie op die kan worden gebruikt voor verbetering van de huidige materialen en het rationeel ontwerpen van nieuwe materialen. De geschiktheid van zulke materialen voor specifieke doeleinden is sterk afhankelijk van hun afbraaksnelheid en hun biocompatibiliteit. Abdul Ghaffar richt zich in zijn onderzoek op de ontwikkeling van methoden voor de analyse van biomaterialen door ze (deels) af te breken onder al dan niet fysiologische omstandigheden, gevolgd door de analyse van hun afbraakproducten. Het resultaat is een kwantitatieve analyse van de samenstelling van complexe polyacrylaatnetwerken en een innovatief systeem voor de snelle analyse van afbreekbare polymere coatings
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