1,751 research outputs found
L'organizzazione amministrativa della cybersicurezza nell'ordinamento multilivello
No full textLo studio analizza il quadro giuridico multilivello della cybersecurity, con particolare attenzione al profilo dell’organizzazione amministrativa. Prendendo spunto dall’analogia con le Ecatonarchie della mitologia greca, il contributo esplora le intricate strutture che definiscono il panorama operativo della cybersecurity, sottolineando le difficoltà nel concettualizzare la materia come un sistema giuridico coerente senza un’analisi completa della sua natura in evoluzione. Esaminando i modelli organizzativi all’interno dell’UE e delle discipline nazionali e ricostruendone la ratio, lo studio evidenzia l’interazione tra gli approcci tradizionali Stato-centrici e i modelli di governance policentrici emergenti. La trattazione sostiene che, in un contesto di assenza di autorità, il concetto di organizzazione emerge come principio relazionale, cruciale per navigare nelle complessità della poliarchia. L’articolo riflette sulle implicazioni per le future discipline giuridiche, sottolineando la necessità di una governance adattiva che possa rispondere alla rapida evoluzione delle minacce nel dominio digitale
“Tra il dire e il fare”. La riforma del Regolamento del Senato in adeguamento al taglio dei seggi
No full textFollowing a controversial reduction of the number of MPs, the Italian Senate adopted a reform of its Rules on 27 July 2022 in order to address the technical problems related to the implementation of the constitutional reform. This contribution aims to analyse some of the main changes, comparing them with the scientific debate that preceded and accompanied their approval. The main thesis is that, among the various possibilities for intervention, an intermediate approach was chosen, with timid but timely changes aimed at ensuring the functionality of the institution. The effective outcome will largely depend on the concrete reception of the reform, mainly by internal bureaucracies and conventional practices
Sense and Sensitivity: Data Utility and User Privacy in Differentially Private Machine Learning
No full textThis thesis explores existing and novel methods for extracting knowledge from datawhile preserving users' private information through differentially private machine learning. The central challenge addressed here is handling the sensitivity-utility tradeoff that arises when privatizing queries involving vector averages, which are found everywhere in gradient-based optimization and data science in general. New approaches are thus proposed to provide researchers and practitioners with additional tools to prioritize the use of one strategy over the other,depending on the specific learning context, the privacy expectations, and the accuracy of the resulting model. First, metric privacy concepts are applied to collaborative model training, providing distance-dependent privacy guarantees without pre-defining sensitivity. An online optimization method is then introduced for tuning the clipping threshold concurrently with model training, reducing privacy exposure and computational requirements while improving utility. Efficient strategies for empirically verifying privacy results in the training of large language models are also developed, encouraging practical privacy auditing.Finally, a new perspective is offered on the definition of differential privacy,suggesting that sensitivity with respect to record replacement rather thanaddition/removal could yield increased utility in federated learning settings.Through theoretical analyses, algorithms, and experimental evaluations, this work presents ideas and actual techniques for optimizing the privacy-utility tradeoff inherent in differentially private machine learning
Ambiente, amministrazione e democrazia. Sulla nuova relazione pubblico-privato nel sistema di diritto ambientale, tra etica partecipativa ed esercizio di sovranità
No full textPartecipazione ambientale e democrazia amministrativa. Il ruolo dei privati come esercizio di sovranità a trazione etica
No full textUna «geometria variabile» senza «formule»: note sul procedimento attuativo dell’autonomia differenziata
No full textA Florentine family in crisis: the Strozzi in the fifteenth century.
No full textPhDIn 1434 the Strozzi lineage had held a leading position in
Florentine society and government for at least one hundred and fifty
years, and was one of the largest and wealthiest of the city's
patrician lineages. The records of the catasto of 1427 and of the
scrutiny of 1433 are used to give a profile of the dominant social,
economic and political position of the Strozzi before the advent of
Medicean dominance. Their record of electoral success, and the
political and cultural leadership of influential and respected men
such as Palla di Nofri and Matteo di Simone, with other factors, put
the Strozzi amongst the greatest enemies of the victorious Medicean
regime of late 1434. The effects of political opposition and exile
on the lineage are examined both directly, through records of office-holding,
and indirectly through such indicators as marriage alliances
and household wealth. The two most prominent lines of the Strozzi
were exiled after 1434. Palla di Nofri's life and preoccupations in
his Paduan exile are examined, together with the lives of his sons;
none of these Strozzi ever returned to Florence, pursued as they were
by the enmity of the Medicean regime. The very different careers of
Filippo di Matteo and his brother Lorenzo are also examined: how they
succeeded in founding a lucrative bank in Naples, and in returning to
Florence to 'rebuild' (rifare) the position of the Strozzi lineage
there. The final decades of the century saw the Strozzi in an
economically more secure position, due substantially to the efforts
of Filippo. Except for a very small number of its members admitted
into the regime, most of the lineage is here shown to have remained
excluded from significant political office until after the fall of
the Medici regime in 1494
Un continente da manuale: tassonomie della contraddizione nell’Africa del dopoguerra = A manual for a continent: taxonomies of contradiction in post-war Africa
No full textObiettivo del contributo è offrire una interpretazione dell’architettura e della città nell’Africa Subsahariana attraverso la lente dei manuali redatti a partire dal Secondo dopoguerra, quando la formazione del sistema-mondo, e l’ingresso del continente africano al suo interno, aprì a nuove forme di egemonia e dipendenza. Si procederà all’esame di tre casi studio: Village Housing in the Tropics with Special Reference to West Africa, di Edwin Maxwell Fry e Jane Drew (1947); Tropical Architecture in the Dry and Humid Zones, sempre di Fry e Drew (1964); e Manual of
Tropical Housing and Building: Climatic design, di Otto Koenigsberger (1964). Attraverso l’analisi comparata dei tre casi si tenterà di descriverela logica equivoca del manuale: post-politica e contestualmente organica al dettato della modernizzazione; attenta ai localismi eppure federativa; capace di rispondere alle ambizioni dei singoli e al tempo stesso funzionale all’implementazione di politiche di controllo collettivo.---The goal of the contribution is to offer an interpretation of architecture and the city in Sub-Saharan Africa through the lens of manuals drawn up in postwar years, when the formation of the global transnational system, and the entry of the African continent in it, opened up new forms of hegemony and dependence. Three case studies will be examined: Village Housing in the Tropics with Special Reference to West Africa, by Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew (1947); Tropical Architecture in the Dry and Humid Zones, also by Fry and Drew (1964); and Manual of Tropical Housing and Building: Climatic design, by Otto Koenigsberger (1964). Through the comparative analysis of the three case studies we will attempt to describe the equivocal logic of the manual: post-political and contextually organic to the dictates of modernization; attentive to localism yet federative; capable of responding to the ambitions of individuals and at the same time functional to the implementation of collective control policies
The Effect of 'Flushing Ratio' on the Performance of Counterflow Fixed-Bed Thermal Regenerators
No full textA closed form-expression for the effectiveness of a counterflow thermal regenerator is given. It takes account for the flushing phase, i.e. for that part of the blow involved in removing the residue of fluid from a previous blow. The proposed analytical approach is based on a Lagrange viewpoint for evaluating the fluid temperature and involves some mathematical difficulties for calculating the matrix temperature, as the solution of a linear integral equation, whose overcoming is discussed in the text. The developed method allows, indeed, the matrix and gas temperature profiles within the regenerator to be obtained too. The obtained results are very useful for the heat regenerators adopted in Stirling cycle machines, where the time required for an element of gas to pass through the regenerator is approximately equal to the blow time. In addition, the availability of a closed-form expression for the regenerator effectiveness is useful especially for those engines, like the free-piston Stirling engines, whose design requires the application of analytically based optimization criteria
Giorgio Galli e la “Critica sociale” (1954-1969)
No full textGiorgio Galli, il noto politologo scomparso alcuni anni fa, racconta nella sua autobiografia di aver conosciuto verso verso la fine del 1953 Giuseppe Faravelli, che di fatto dirigeva, insieme a Ugo Guido Mondolfo, “Critica Sociale”, la rivista fondata da Anna Kuliscioff e Filippo Turati. Faravelli era certamente interessato al giovane autore della Storia del PCI, edita da Schwarz in quello stesso anno, che, insieme agli scritti di Angelo Tasca, metteva per prima in discussione la vulgata togliattiana sulla nascita del partito comunista, sottolineando contemporaneamente il ruolo decisivo avuto in essa da Amadeo Bordiga. Iniziava così una lunga e vivace collaborazione con la storica rivista del socialismo riformista che, negli anni presi in esame (sostanzialmente quelli della direzione Faravelli), faceva riferimento prima alla sinistra socialdemocratica e, dalla fine degli anni ’50, più in generale all’area dell’autonomismo socialista, all’interno di una linea di fondo che tentava appunto una mediazione tra il revisionismo marxista e un riformismo empirico
- …
