19 research outputs found
Of Magical Beings and Where to Find Them : On the Concept of álfar in the Translated riddarasǫgur
No full textThis paper forms part of a doctoral thesis in Old Nordic Religions at the University of Iceland, which seeks to examine the use of Nordic supernatural concepts (such as jǫtnar, dvergar and álfar) in the Old Nordic translations of Old French, Occitan and Anglo-Norman chivalric and courtly romances and lais in the twelfth to fourteenth centuries. This present article focuses on the use of the word “álfar” as a translation for the French word “fées”, considering not only the narrative purposes involved in the choice of such a word, but the potential influences on Icelandic folk beliefs that might have been caused by such a translation (as these translation were read out alongside more local narratives).https://doi.org/10.33063/diva-439400</p
The Use of Web-Based Resources to Facilitate Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 4/1/2017
A scoping review was completed to summarize and identify gaps in the literature on the use of web-based resources for stroke rehabilitation and to summarize and analyze the content of active websites that address stroke rehabilitation.
Primary Author and Speaker: Grace Kim
Additional Authors and Speakers: Marisa Davison, Cara Flinter, Nylah Lummer, Katelyn Ryan, Mallori Seliger
Contributing Authors: Patricia Foen, Erica Oh, Jason Park</jats:p
Was Guðmundr á Glasisvǫllum Irish?
No full textThis article tackles the question of a possible Irish origin for the Old Norse literary figure Guðmundr á Glasisvǫllum. The images of Guðmundr, his realm Glasisvellir, and the sometimes associated territory of Ódáinsakr fluctuate in various ways in the different saga narratives in which they occur. The variability of the Guðmundr á Glasisvǫllum narrative has caused scholars to debate its possible origin for over a century. The more widely supported notion is that a mythological compound around Guðmundr must have originated in Irish mythology and folklore rather than being an indigenous, Nordic construct. The present article aims to follow up on this discussion, comparing the original Old Norse source material and that found in Gesta Danorum to Irish accounts that might have influenced them. By highlighting the differences between the Guðmundr á Glasisvǫllum complex and the suggested Irish sources, the degree to which it seems likely the motif could actually have originated in Irish thought will be assessed. Norwegian folk tales about the magical island Utrøst will then be considered to highlight the possibility of a more local background for Guðmundr and his realm
Lost in Translation: Adapting Supernatural Concepts from Old French Chivalric Literature into the Old Norse riddarasǫgur
No full textWhile the post-millennial research of Old Norse literature saw an increased interest in the study of translated riddarasǫgur, the scholarly focus in these studies rests, for the main part, on the effects of translation, the role and representation of women and the studies of emotion portrayed in the narratives. However, the effect of translation on supernatural concepts – especially of Old Norse concepts – has, so far, been left unaddressed. The present thesis, thus, aims to bridge this gap in scholarship by investigating how the Old Norse translations and adaptations of Old French chivalric works had an altering and long-lasting effect on the Old Norse mythological landscape. Indeed, the present research project hopes to establish the translated riddarasǫgur as a valued source for the study of the development of Old Norse supernatural concepts. By highlighting the influx of foreign Old French ideas and their impact on the Old Norse literature and mythology, this study aspires to present new approaches regarding the understanding of the development of Old Norse supernatural concepts as well as their subsequent changes. Bearing the human element in translation as well as medieval translation practices in mind, the present thesis investigates twelfth- and thirteenth century Old French courtly romances and associated material as well as the thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Old Norse translations, redactions and reworkings thereof. The supernatural motifs (specifically the álfar, dvergar, jǫtnar and different forms of magic and magic wielders) described in these narratives will be examined in detail. The thesis includes an article concerning each concept which studies the differences and similarities in the concept’s presentation and measures the potential long-term effects initiated by the said translations by investigating later fornaldarsǫgur, indigenous riddarasǫgur and Icelandic folk legends. The first paper contained in the present thesis concerns the use of the Old Norse supernatural concept of the álfar (sg. álfr) as a translation for the Old French term fées (sg. fée), while the second article investigates the usage of the word dvergar (sg. dvergr) as a translation for the Old French nains (sg. nain) in the investigated literary corpora. The penultimate article examines the utilisation of the concept of the Old Norse jǫtnar (sg. jǫtunn) as a translation for the Old French idea of the jaiants (sg. jaiant), and the fourth and final article investigates the different notions and manifestations of magic and magic wielders displayed in the investigated Old French sources as well as their respective Old Norse renditions. This research project hopes to open this particular field of research to the broader scientific community by laying down what may be seen as the first stepping-stone for a series of related studies.Rannsóknir fræðimanna á þýðingum riddarasagna hafa eflst til muna eftir aldamótin en hið sama gildir ekki um rannsóknir á sjálfum efniviðni sagnanna, svo sem hvernig birtingarmynd kvenna er sýnd gegnum tilfinningar þeirra í sögunum. Hingað til hefur lítið verið kannað hvort og þá hver áhrif þýðingar efnis um yfirnáttúrulega hluti og atburði sem snúa að norrænni trú hafa verið. Markmið þessarar ritgerðar er að sýna fram á áhrif fornra franskra riddarasagna á hugmyndaheim norrænna manna um umhverfi sitt og landlýsingu, auk þess að sýna fram á áreiðanleika riddarasagna að því er varðar hugmyndir norrænna manna um hið yfirnáttúrlega. Ritgerðin greinir slíkar hugmyndir í hinum forn-frönsku bókmenntum og skoðar áhrif þeirra og innblástur í norrænum bókmenntum og goðafræði og sýnir þannig hvernig skilningur manna á yfirnáttúrulegum atburðum hefur þróast í aldanna rás. Í ritgerðinni er athyglinni einkum beint að hinum norrænu þýðingum tólftu og þrettándu aldar ástarsagna fornfranskra bókmennta og skoðað sérstaklega hvaða hlutverki hinn mannlegi þáttur og þeirra tíma þýðingarhefðir gegna. Yfirnáttúrulegar verur, svo sem álfar, dvergar og jötnar, auk ýmissa galdrahugtaka, sem fram koma í þessum frásögnum eru teknar til ítarlegrar skoðunar, og fjallað er um hverja áðurnefnda tegund í sérstökum kafla. Með samanburði við seinni tíma fornaldarsögur, upprunalegar riddarasögur og íslenskar þjóðsögur eru þessar þýðingar skoðaðar í þeim tilgangi að greina áhrif á hin yfirnáttúrulegu fyrirbæri í þeim. Í fyrsta hluta þessarar ritgerðar er fjallað um álfa í norrænum heimildum og goðsögulega tengingu þeirra við forn-franska hugtakið fées (eint. fée), annar hlutinn fjallar um dverga og hliðstæða tengingu þeirra við fornfranska hugtakið nains (eint. nain) með bókmenntafræðilegri nálgun. Meginkafli ritgerðarinar fjallar á sama hátt um jötna og hlistæða tengingu þeirra við fornfranska hugtakið jaiants (eint. jaiant). Í síðasta kaflanum er svo fjallað um norrænar galdrahefðir og galdratrú með hliðsjón af birtingarmynd þeirra í fornfrönskum bókmenntum. Með ritgerð þessari vonast höfundur til að opna gátt inn á lítt kannað fræðasvið sem getur eflt og víkkað rannsóknarhugmyndir og -aðferðir fræðimanna í fornnorrænum rannsóknum. (Ingunn Ásdísardóttir þýddi.)Rannsóknarsjóður Háskóla Íslands/ The Doctoral Grant of the University of Iceland Research Fun
Guðmundr á Glasisvöllum: A Study of Potential Foreign Influences
No full textThis thesis aims to continue the scholarly debate on the potential Irish influence on the Guðmundr á Glasisvǫllum subject matter, which allows a careful comparison of the Irish and Old Norse data. The study will then bring into question whether Irish origins are more likely than a background in the Nordic culture. To do so, other material is considered that was largely omitted from the discussion about Guðmundr, Glasisvellir and Ódáinsakr to this day, namely past and present local folk tales of magical and vanishing islands found in both mainland Scandinavia (especially the so-called “Utrøst” legend in Norway) and the North Sea area (Faroe Islands, Iceland and Orkney). As will be shown, a Norwegian background seems most likely. It seems reasonable to interpret Ódáinsakr as a separate motif other rather than being intrinsically connected with accounts of Guðmundr. As this motif is found in both Irish and Old Norse literature, it can be suggested that Ódáinsakr has shared Christian origins.Þetta rannsóknarverkefni er ætlað sem framlag til frekari umræðu um hugsanleg írsk áhrif á efni Guðmundar á Glasisvǫllum til þess að gera samanburð á írskum og norrænum upplýsingum. Ritgerðin rannsaknar hvort írskur bakgrunnur sé líklegri en uppruni í norrænni menningu. Til að gera það eru ýmis gögn notuð sem hingað til hefur verið sleppt í umræðunni um Guðmundi, Glasisvǫllum og Ódáinsakri. Þessi gögn eru gamlar og nútímalegar þjóðsögur Skandinavíu (“Utrøst” í Noregi) og eyjanna í Atlantshafi (Færeyjar, Ísland, Orkneyjar) sem fjalla um yfirnáttúrulegar eyjar sem hverfa. Norskur bakgrunnur virðist vera líklegastur út af því að það er hægt að tulka Ódáinsakr sem óháð motif sem er ekki tengt við lýsingar Guðmundar. Þar sem mótifið er bæði til í írskum og norrænum bókmenntum er uppruni Ódáinsakrs sennilegt kristilegur
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Guðmundr á Glasisvöllum: A Study of Potential Foreign Influences
No full textThis thesis aims to continue the scholarly debate on the potential Irish influence on the Guðmundr á Glasisvǫllum subject matter, which allows a careful comparison of the Irish and Old Norse data. The study will then bring into question whether Irish origins are more likely than a background in the Nordic culture. To do so, other material is considered that was largely omitted from the discussion about Guðmundr, Glasisvellir and Ódáinsakr to this day, namely past and present local folk tales of magical and vanishing islands found in both mainland Scandinavia (especially the so-called “Utrøst” legend in Norway) and the North Sea area (Faroe Islands, Iceland and Orkney). As will be shown, a Norwegian background seems most likely. It seems reasonable to interpret Ódáinsakr as a separate motif other rather than being intrinsically connected with accounts of Guðmundr. As this motif is found in both Irish and Old Norse literature, it can be suggested that Ódáinsakr has shared Christian origins.Þetta rannsóknarverkefni er ætlað sem framlag til frekari umræðu um hugsanleg írsk áhrif á efni Guðmundar á Glasisvǫllum til þess að gera samanburð á írskum og norrænum upplýsingum. Ritgerðin rannsaknar hvort írskur bakgrunnur sé líklegri en uppruni í norrænni menningu. Til að gera það eru ýmis gögn notuð sem hingað til hefur verið sleppt í umræðunni um Guðmundi, Glasisvǫllum og Ódáinsakri. Þessi gögn eru gamlar og nútímalegar þjóðsögur Skandinavíu (“Utrøst” í Noregi) og eyjanna í Atlantshafi (Færeyjar, Ísland, Orkneyjar) sem fjalla um yfirnáttúrulegar eyjar sem hverfa. Norskur bakgrunnur virðist vera líklegastur út af því að það er hægt að tulka Ódáinsakr sem óháð motif sem er ekki tengt við lýsingar Guðmundar. Þar sem mótifið er bæði til í írskum og norrænum bókmenntum er uppruni Ódáinsakrs sennilegt kristilegur
Investigating Metal 3D Printing of Spare Parts for Re-manufacturing Fuel Injection Pumps
No full textThe goal of this graduation project was to investigate if 3D printing could serve as a promising alternative for manufacturing spare parts needed for the re-manufacturing of diesel injection pumps. This project was conducted under the EU ReCiPSS project, along with the support of Robert Bosch GmbH. The proposition was investigated on three levels and posed the following research questions: 1.Can 3D printing produce spare parts for the pump at an acceptable cost and quality level compared to the existing manufacturing methods? (Feasibility)2.Does spare part 3D printing make business sense for the Automotive Aftermarket Division of Bosch to pursue as a remanufacturing strategy? (Viability)3.Is 3D printing for spare parts more environmentally friendly compared to the existing manufacturing methods? (Sustainability)To answer these questions for the entire VP30 pump and fuel injection pumps in general would have been difficult. Thus, tools such as the Disassembly Map and the Hotspot Mapping tool were used to identify potential parts within the pump for which this initial investigation could take place. Using functional importance and environmental impact as criteria, the selection of two parts, an aluminium Locking Cover and an alloy steel Cam Plate were made. Visits to the remanufacturing facility and Bosch’s 3D Competence Centre opened doors to investigate the technology, its limitations, organisational barriers, and future potential. The metal printed parts arrived and were analysed on the three pillars mentioned. The investigation found that metal 3D printed parts can meet the desired performance specifications. However, post-processing treatment such as annealing, case hardening and some machining might be required for specialised functions. The costs of metal 3D printing are not yet competitive with conventional manufacturing and are viable only for specific scenarios. These scenarios take the shape of lack of suppliers, urgent part demand, high tooling costs, and so on. Moreover, the non-competitive cost also brings to fore the organisational barriers within Bosch. Primarily, the automotive release procedure which requires significant investment of time and money to make a change. Lastly, on the sustainability front, middle volume production (~200-1000 units) was shown to be more sustainable than conventional manufacturing for the same volume. The investigation shows that in 2022, 3D printing metal spare parts is feasible but needs specific scenarios to be viable and sustainable. However, with improvements in technology and greater acceptance of 3D printing as a core industry technology, these pains can be resolved and allow for better and long-lasting products with lesser environmental impact. The advent of the 2030’s will be exciting in this regard.EU ReCiPSSIntegrated Product Desig
Supernatural Sentiments: The Language of Emotion in the fornaldarsögur
No full textThe study of emotion in Old Norse-Icelandic literature has sparked considerable scholarly debate in recent years. However, little attention has been given to the emotive language of non-human beings. This contribution seeks to examine the emotional lexis associated with supernatural figures in the fornaldarsögur within the context of historical semantics. As will be shown, the function of the emotional language and its social implications will be discussed in context of the narratives, furthering the discussion of feelings of marginalised figures in medieval Icelandic literature.Peer Reviewe
From Sentiment to Fact: How Did the Letter 20 of Ambrose of Milan Shape Empress Justina as a Bad Feminine Figure?
No full textInternational audienceAs a controversial female character of the end of the fourth century AD, Empress Justina suffers a hostile literary tradition, as the sharp quill of Christian authors always deliver her a denigrating portrait. One might wonder how the widow of Valentinian Ist ended up portrayed as the evil Jezebel, willing to fight the rightful bishop Ambrose of Milan? Scrutinising the contemporary sources, this paper aims to demonstrate how a single letter, written by Ambrose himself, was able to shift the entire historical discourse. As an actor in these events, he recounted his feelings to his sister Marcellina in a letter later used by authors as a primary source to describe his opposition to Justina at the end of the fourth-century or between the years 384 and 386. His sentiments swayed his judgement, which soon became a new truth through the quill of late antique authors. Because of the success of such narratives, the person of Justina soon vanished behind a fictional negative character, shaping the archetype of the bad sovereign as a new Jezebel
