247 research outputs found
The Poems Of Qashqaı Turkısh Author Mansur Shah Muhammadi (Analysıs-Text-Glossary)
No full textBu tezin konusu, Kaşkay Türklerinden Mansur Şah Muhammediznin şiirleri esasında
Kaşkay Türkçesinin dil bilgisi özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. 1945 yılında Firuzabad
şehrinde dünyaya gelen Mansur Şah Muhammedi, Kaşkayzın Amele Mehterhana boyuna
mensup bir şairdir ve çağdaş Kaşkay Dil ve Edebiyatının önemli temsilcilerindendir. Onun
Klasik Türk şiiri kalıplarını ve hece veznini kullandığı şiirlerinde Kaşkay Dil ve
Edebiyetinin gelişim ve değişimini görmek mümkündür. Ayrıca, onun eserleri 20.
yüzyıldaki Kaşkay hayat tarzı, dünya görüşü ve sanat anlayışı hakkında fikir vermesi
bakımından son derece önemlidir. Kaşkay Türklerinden Mansur Şah Muhammediznin
Şiirleri (İnceleme-Metin-Sözlük) adlı tezimiz: Giriş, İnceleme, Metin ve Sözlük olmak
üzere dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş bölümünde: Kaşkay Türklerinin ve tarihi,
kökenleri, coğrafyası, nüfusları ve bugünkü durumları, Kaşkay Dili ve Edebiyatı, Mansur
Şah Muhammediznin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. İnceleme bölümünde
Mansur Şah Muhammediznin şiirleri imlâ, ses ve şekil bilgisi yönünden incelenmiştir.
Metin bölümünde Mansur Şah Muhammediznin şiirlerinin transkripsiyonlu metni yer
almaktadır. Sözlük bölümünde eserde yer alan Arapça, Farsça kelimeler ile ses değişmeleri
sebebiyle anlaşılamaycak duruma gelmiş Türkçe kelimeler, anlamlarıyla birlikte
gösterilmiştir.The topic of this thesis is the study of the Qashqai Turkish grammar peculiarities based on
the poems of Qashqai Turkish author Mansur Shah Muhammadi. Mansur Shah
Muhammadi was born in the city of Firuzabad in 1945; besides, he is the poet of the
Qashqai Amale Mehtarkhana tribe and is one of the important representatives of modern
Qashqai language and literature. It is possible to see the development and change of
Qashqai language and literature in his poems where he uses Classic Turkish poetry patterns
and syllabic meter. Moreover, his works are of vital importance in terms of lifestyle,
worldview, and understanding of art of Qashqai people of the 20th century. Our thesis
called The Poems of Qashqai Turkish Author Mansur Shah Muhammadi (Analysis-Text-
Glossary) consists of four sections: Introduction, Analysis, Text, and Dictionary. In the
first section, the information on the history, origin, geography, population and modern state
of Qashqai Turks; Qashqai Turkish language and literature; the life and works of
Mansur Shah Muhammadi is given. In the analysis, the poems of Mansur Shah
Muhammadi are examined in terms of spelling, phonology, and morphology. Transcribed
text of Mansur Shah Muhammadizs poems is given in the third section. Finally, Persian,
Arabic and Turkish words, which due to the sound changes are unrecognizable, together
with their meanings are listed in the glossary
Analysis of Th1 and Th2 cytokines expressing CD4+and CD8+T cells in rheumatoid arthritis by flow cytometry
No full textObjective. A Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance with a predominance of Th1 cytokines has been suggested to be of pathogenetic importance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To evaluate the role of Th1/Th2 cytokines in RA, we used intracellular cytokine flow cytometry to determine cytokine profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in 34 peripheral blood (PB) and 10 synovial fluid (SF) samples from patients with RA. Results were compared with 10 PB samples from healthy controls (HC) and 5 SF samples from patients with non-PA synovitis. Methods. After stimulating cells with PMA and ionomycin or alternatively with anti-CD3/CD28 in the presence elf brefeldin A, intracellular levels of Th1 [interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)] and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13) were determined for CD3+CD8- (i.e., CD4+ Th1 and Th2 cells) and CD3+CD8+ (i.e., CD8+ Tc1 and Tc2 cells) T cells. Results. The percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ Th1 and Th2 cytokines producing T cells (PB) were similar in patients with RA and healthy controls (HC), with a clear predominance of Th1 cytokines expressing T cells. With regard to T cell subsets, IFN-gamma-producing T cells were significantly more frequently detected in the CD8+ subset [CD8+: median 45.1% (RA; p < 0.001), 38.2% (HC; p = 0.009) vs CD4+: 10.8% (RA), 17.0% (HC)]. Conversely, IL-2 was found in a higher percentage of CD4+ T cells [CD4+: median 33.4% (RA), 17.9% (HC) vs CD8+: 23.6% (RA), 12.3% (HC)]. Patients not in disease remission tended to have more IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ and IL-2-producing CD4+ T cells than patients in remission [CD8+: median 45.9% (IFN-gamma) vs 23.0% (IFN-gamma); CD4+: median 34.1% (IL-2) vs 18.2% (IL-2)]. In all PB samples, the proportion of T cells producing the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 did not exceed 2%. Cytokine profiles did not differ between patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment and patients treated only with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. In comparison to PB, RA SF analysis revealed a significant increase in the percentage of IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD8+ T cells (p < 0.001). In addition, the percentage of IL-10-producing CD4+ (p < 0.001) as well as CD8+ T cells (p = 0.001) was significantly elevated in SE However, production of the other Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) was similar in SF and PB. Conclusion. These data indicate similar cytokine profiles of T cells in PB of RA patients and healthy controls, with a strong predominance of Th1 cytokines producing T cells in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subset of both groups. PB cytokine profiles did not significantly differ in patients with active and nonactive disease or between patients receiving and those not receiving immunosuppressive medication. In SF, the proportion of Th1 and Tc1 cells was significantly elevated compared to PB, emphasizing the local importance of these cells for inflammation. CD8+ T cells (Tc1 cells) mainly contributed to the production of IFN-gamma, indicating an underestimated role of this cell subset for local cytokine production. The upregulation of IL-10-producing Th2 and Tc2 cells in SF may reflect an insufficient effort to downregulate chronic inflammation in the joint. Modifying this cytokine imbalance in the joints may be a promising therapeutic approach in RA
Analysis of Th1 and Th2 cytokines expressing CD4+and CD8+T cells in rheumatoid arthritis by flow cytometry
No full textObjective. A Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance with a predominance of Th1 cytokines has been suggested to be of pathogenetic importance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To evaluate the role of Th1/Th2 cytokines in RA, we used intracellular cytokine flow cytometry to determine cytokine profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in 34 peripheral blood (PB) and 10 synovial fluid (SF) samples from patients with RA. Results were compared with 10 PB samples from healthy controls (HC) and 5 SF samples from patients with non-PA synovitis. Methods. After stimulating cells with PMA and ionomycin or alternatively with anti-CD3/CD28 in the presence elf brefeldin A, intracellular levels of Th1 [interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)] and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13) were determined for CD3+CD8- (i.e., CD4+ Th1 and Th2 cells) and CD3+CD8+ (i.e., CD8+ Tc1 and Tc2 cells) T cells. Results. The percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ Th1 and Th2 cytokines producing T cells (PB) were similar in patients with RA and healthy controls (HC), with a clear predominance of Th1 cytokines expressing T cells. With regard to T cell subsets, IFN-gamma-producing T cells were significantly more frequently detected in the CD8+ subset [CD8+: median 45.1% (RA; p < 0.001), 38.2% (HC; p = 0.009) vs CD4+: 10.8% (RA), 17.0% (HC)]. Conversely, IL-2 was found in a higher percentage of CD4+ T cells [CD4+: median 33.4% (RA), 17.9% (HC) vs CD8+: 23.6% (RA), 12.3% (HC)]. Patients not in disease remission tended to have more IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ and IL-2-producing CD4+ T cells than patients in remission [CD8+: median 45.9% (IFN-gamma) vs 23.0% (IFN-gamma); CD4+: median 34.1% (IL-2) vs 18.2% (IL-2)]. In all PB samples, the proportion of T cells producing the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 did not exceed 2%. Cytokine profiles did not differ between patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment and patients treated only with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. In comparison to PB, RA SF analysis revealed a significant increase in the percentage of IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD8+ T cells (p < 0.001). In addition, the percentage of IL-10-producing CD4+ (p < 0.001) as well as CD8+ T cells (p = 0.001) was significantly elevated in SE However, production of the other Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) was similar in SF and PB. Conclusion. These data indicate similar cytokine profiles of T cells in PB of RA patients and healthy controls, with a strong predominance of Th1 cytokines producing T cells in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subset of both groups. PB cytokine profiles did not significantly differ in patients with active and nonactive disease or between patients receiving and those not receiving immunosuppressive medication. In SF, the proportion of Th1 and Tc1 cells was significantly elevated compared to PB, emphasizing the local importance of these cells for inflammation. CD8+ T cells (Tc1 cells) mainly contributed to the production of IFN-gamma, indicating an underestimated role of this cell subset for local cytokine production. The upregulation of IL-10-producing Th2 and Tc2 cells in SF may reflect an insufficient effort to downregulate chronic inflammation in the joint. Modifying this cytokine imbalance in the joints may be a promising therapeutic approach in RA
Ongoing research and concertation activities on desertification in Northern Mediterranean Countries (UNCCD Annex IV)
No full textRobot-assisted laparoendoscopic single-site inguinal lymphadenectomy: initial investigation in a cadaver model
No full textRobot assisted heminephrectomy for duplicated renal collecting system: Technique and outcomes
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to describe experience with robotic assisted hemi-nephrectomy (RAHN) for the management of duplicated renal collecting system. Methods: The authors' institutional database was queried to identify patients who underwent RAHN from 2007 to 2013 for the management of a duplicated system. Patient demographics, indications and surgical outcomes were reviewed and analyzed. Results: Five patients were identified with a duplicated system of which all had a history of pain and recurrent infection. Three patients underwent hemi-nephrectomy for a poorly functioning lower pole and two for an abnormal upper pole moiety. All operations were completed successfully using a robotic approach. There were only two minor (Clavien grade 1-2) complications. Conclusions: RAHN is a viable option for the surgical treatment of an atrophic, chronically infected duplicated system. The unique features of robotic technology offer enhanced dexterity and vision facilitating the management of complex vascular and ureteral anatomy
Some Applications of Bifurcation Formulae to the Period Maps of Delay Differential Equations
No full textOur purpose is to present some applications of the bifurcation formulae derived in [13] for periodic delay differential equations. We prove that a sequence of Neimark-Sacker bifurcations occurs as the parameter increases. For some
special classes of equations, easily checkable conditions are given to determine the direction of the bifurcation of the time-one map
Selections for Resistance against Fire Blight in Young F-1 Hybrid Pear Seedlings in Turkey
No full text13th International Workshop on Fire Blight -- JUL 02-05, 2013 -- Zurich, SWITZERLANDFire blight, caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a serious disease of pear, with few effective disease management strategies. Therefore, it is very important to strive towards the selection of new resistant cultivars to fire blight. With this purpose, different crosses have been made between resistant cultivar 'Magness' and other resistant or susceptible cultivars and cultigens ('Akca', 'Ankara', 'Bursa', 'Conference', 'Guz', 'Kaiser Alexandre', 'Kieffer', 'Moonglow', 'Tas'). The susceptibility levels of the resulting hybrids were determined by artificial inoculations by Erwinia amylovora in greenhouse conditions. In pathogenicity tests, 10(8) CFU/ml populations of seven E. amylovora strains, isolated from different cities in Turkey, were used to infect the shoots of hybrid plants. Eight weeks after inoculations, the percentage of the necrotic lesion to the total length of the shoot was calculated for each shoot. The experiments were performed twice in August 2010 and May 2011. The average of two experiments was used to calculate the percentage disease severity. Susceptibility was scored by binning the percentage into five distinct classes of increasing susceptibility (A to E). Among 1242 young F-1 hybrid seedlings inoculated, 31.64% of them showed "very low susceptibility" (A), 8.62% displayed "low susceptibility" (B), 18.60% were "moderate susceptibility" (C), 30.27% were "high susceptibility" (D), 10.87% showed "very high susceptibility" (E), and 85 of hybrids were completely destroyed by the pathogen. The 393 "very low susceptibility" and 107 "low susceptibility" F1 hybrids were planted in Eskisehir, in Central Turkey, for screening for agronomical and pomological characteristics.Int Soc Hort Sc
SAÜ uzaktan eğitim öğrencilerinin iletişim engelleri ile ilgili öğrenci görüşleri
No full text06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.SAÜ, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans TeziTezin Başlığı: ?SAÜ Uzaktan Eğitim Öğrencilerinin letişim Engelleri ile lgili Görüşleri?Tezin Yazarı: Özlem AKCA Danışman: Prof. Dr. Aytekin ŞMANKabul Tarihi: 29.05.2006 Sayfa Sayısı: XXV (ön kısım)+192(tez)+10(ekler)Anabilim Dalı: Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri EğitimiTeknolojinin hızla gelişmesiyle tüm alanlarda olduğu gibi eğitim alanında da bir takımdeğişiklikler olmaktadır. Bu değişikliklerden en önemlisi olarak kabul edilen yeni bir eğitimsistemidir. Bu eğitim sistemi, eğitim ortamının sınıf dışına taşınmasına olanak veren uzaktaneğitim sistemidir.Uzaktan eğitim sisteminde kullanılan iletişim teknolojileri sayesinde öğrenciler okula gitmezahmetinden kurtulmuşlardır, ayrıca okuldan uzakta bulunan öğrenciler ve okulagidemeyecek derecede özürü bulunan öğrenciler eğitim haklarını kullanma imkanı bulmuşolmaktadır. Ayrıca üniversiteler ilk sırada tercih edilme, verilen eğitimin kalitesini yükseltme,rekabetçi ortamda tutunabilme gibi sebeplerle uzaktan eğitimi uygulamaya başlamışlardıruzaktan eğitim sisteminin kullanılma sebepleri onun önemini ortaya çıkarmaktadır.Bu yeni eğitim sisteminin birçok avantajının bulunmasına karşın, öğrencilerin sınıfarkadaşları ve öğretmenleri ile aynı ortamda bulunmamalarından kaynaklanan iletişimengelleri dezavantajının bulunduğu da görülmektedir.Bu çalışmanın amacı, SAÜ uzaktan eğitim bölümlerinde öğrencilerin karşılaştıkları iletişimengellerinin ortaya konmasıdır.Araştırmada kullanılması amacıyla geliştirilen anket, 2005-2006 Eğitim Öğretim Yılıiçerisinde Sakarya ilinde bulunan SAÜ Adapazarı Meslek Yüksek Okulu bölümlerindeokuyan 3677 uzaktan eğitim öğrencisinin içinden rastgele seçilen 378 öğrenciye uygulanmışolup elde edilen bulguların analizinde M N TAB programı ve içerik analizi kullanılmıştır.Mülakat ise gönüllü olarak katılan 16 öğrenciye uygulanmış ve içerik analizi kullanılarakanaliz edilmiştir.Birinci alt problemin analizinde frekans ve yüzde analizleri, ikinci altproblemin analizinde mülakat ve doğal gözlemler yapılmış içerik analizi kullanılmış, üçüncüalt problemin analizinde, Anova(f- testi) uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar frekans veAnova tablolarında ayrıntılı olarak gösterilmiştir.Araştırmada elde edilen verilere göre öğrenciler arasında farklı iletişim engellerinin olduğusöylenebilir. Öğrenci izlenimlerinden ortaya çıkan iletişim engelleri; teknik engeller,psikolojik engeller, kişisel engeller, uzaklık engeli, kesinti engeli, zaman baskısı engeli olarakaltı başlık halinde belirlenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Uzaktan Eğitim, letişim Engeli, Öğrenci görüşleriSakarya University Institute of Social Sciences Abstract of Master?s ThesisTitle of Thesis: Demands of the SAU Distance Education Students According toCommunication Barriers.: Özlem AKÇA Supervisor : Asosc. Prof.Dr.Aytekin ŞMANAuthor: 29.05.2006 Num. of Pages: xxvi (pre text) + 192(Main Body) +10(Appendices)DateDepartment: Computer and Instructional Technology EducationIn education area some changes occurs in all areas by improving the technology. ThisEducation System is accepted as a thing which is the most important from thosechanges. This system of education is ?Distance Education? that gives us anopportunity to move educational facilities outside of the classroom.Students cut down on going to their schools by using communication technologies inthe distance education. At the same time the students who are far away from schooland who have handicaps to go to school would find a chance to use of theireducational benefits. Furthermore universities have started to put into practicedistance education in consideration of raising the quality of education, surviving inthe competitive society, having priority. The reasons of using distance educationshow up its importance.In spite of having several advantages, this new education system causescommunication problems in consideration of not being in the same location with theteacher and the classmates.The survey which is improved to use in research was applied 378 students who wereselected from between 3677 students who are taught in distance education in S.A.U.Adapazarı M.Y.O. in Sakarya city in the 2005-2006 academically year and the resultof survey which is gathered was analyzed by using MINITAB software. Andinterview was applied only 16 students who were volunteers and the results wereanalyzed by using content analyze. By analyzing the first sub problem is frequencyand percentage analysis, on the second sub problem is interviews and naturalobserving. Lastly the third sub problem, ANOVA (F-Test) was applied, its results wasprinted in detail on frequency and ANOVA schedules.As the data?s after research can be said there are some communication problemsbetween students themselves. The communication problems being observed wascategorized in 6 headers as technical barriers, psychological barriers, personalbarriers, distance barriers, deduction barriers, time pressure barriers.Keywords: Distance Education, Communication Barriers, Demands of the students
Selections for Resistance against Fire Blight in Young F-1 Hybrid Pear Seedlings in Turkey
No full text13th International Workshop on Fire Blight -- JUL 02-05, 2013 -- Zurich, SWITZERLANDWOS: 000357733400039Fire blight, caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a serious disease of pear, with few effective disease management strategies. Therefore, it is very important to strive towards the selection of new resistant cultivars to fire blight. With this purpose, different crosses have been made between resistant cultivar 'Magness' and other resistant or susceptible cultivars and cultigens ('Akca', 'Ankara', 'Bursa', 'Conference', 'Guz', 'Kaiser Alexandre', 'Kieffer', 'Moonglow', 'Tas'). The susceptibility levels of the resulting hybrids were determined by artificial inoculations by Erwinia amylovora in greenhouse conditions. In pathogenicity tests, 10(8) CFU/ml populations of seven E. amylovora strains, isolated from different cities in Turkey, were used to infect the shoots of hybrid plants. Eight weeks after inoculations, the percentage of the necrotic lesion to the total length of the shoot was calculated for each shoot. The experiments were performed twice in August 2010 and May 2011. The average of two experiments was used to calculate the percentage disease severity. Susceptibility was scored by binning the percentage into five distinct classes of increasing susceptibility (A to E). Among 1242 young F-1 hybrid seedlings inoculated, 31.64% of them showed "very low susceptibility" (A), 8.62% displayed "low susceptibility" (B), 18.60% were "moderate susceptibility" (C), 30.27% were "high susceptibility" (D), 10.87% showed "very high susceptibility" (E), and 85 of hybrids were completely destroyed by the pathogen. The 393 "very low susceptibility" and 107 "low susceptibility" F1 hybrids were planted in Eskisehir, in Central Turkey, for screening for agronomical and pomological characteristics.Int Soc Hort Sc
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