19 research outputs found
The Use of Top-down and Bottom-up Strategies to Enhance the Listening Comprehension of the Eighth Graders of SMP Negeri 4 Malang
No full textABSTRAK Rahmadhani, Evi. 2017. The Use of Top-down and Bottom-up Strategies to Enhance the Listening Comprehension of the Eighth Graders of SMP Negeri 4 Malang. Thesis. Department of English, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Negeri Malang. Advisors: (I) Francisca Maria Ivone, M.A., Ph.D (II) Nunung Suryati, M.Ed., Ph.D Key Words: top-down strategy, bottom-up strategy, listening comprehensionListening comprehension is perceived as a complex process of understanding the meaning of spoken texts. It is crucial for language learners to develop the listening skill. However, listening activity is rarely practiced in the formal learning contexts. Therefore, many students find comprehending listening texts difficult. The students’ inability to comprehend listening texts was also observed in SMP Negeri 4 Malang. The students had difficulties in understanding unfamiliar words, sentence structures, and the speaker’s accent. In order to address these issues, the researcher designed learning activities by combining top-down and bottom-up listening strategies. In top-down strategy, the students use their background knowledge to predict the content of the listening texts, whereas, bottom-up strategy requires the students to use their linguistics knowledge to recognize words used in the listening texts.The research design of this study was collaborative action research covering four stages: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. This study used curriculum 2013. The subjects of this study were 27 students of class VIII I of SMP Negeri 4 Malang. The instruments used to collect the required data were questionnaires, interview guide, listening tests, observation sheets, and field notes. There were two kinds of data that the researcher collected: the students’ listening performances and the students’ response towards the implementation of the strategies. This study was considered successful because more than 85% of the students could gain 20 points improvement in the final test score and over 70% of the students showed their positive response towards the use of top-down and bottom-up strategies.The finding of this study revealed that 96% of the students could improve above 20 points in their final test score. This means that the first criterion of success had been achieved. However, 4% or only one student failed to improve his score up to 20 points in the final test. Actually, the test scores of this student (4%) increased 9 points from 59 in the first listening test to 68 in the final listening test. Besides, the listening tests score of the student improved from the first meeting to the fourth meeting. It proved that the student’s listening skill also improved but he did not improve as fast as the other 96% students. Moreover, there was 85% students who showed positive responses towards the use of top-down and bottom-up strategies. This means that the second criterion of success had also been achieved. Based on the research findings, the researcher provides two suggestions to the English teacher and future researchers. The English teacher is suggested to implement the strategies using the procedure designed in this study. Furthermore, future researchers are suggested to combine the use of top-down and bottom-up strategies with some word games such as crossword, scrabble, and puzzle
Kompor Induksi Menggunakan Sistem Hybrid dari Baterai Daur Ulang
No full textThe development of technology today is a very influential thing in society, both in everyday life and in the household. In household appliances, stoves include cooking utensils that are owned by every citizen. However, along with technological developments, the use of traditional stoves and gas stoves that use LPG has begun to be abandoned considering that gas stoves often cause accidents when used, ranging from fires and gas cylinders exploding. Therefore we need a stove that can minimize the incident. Induction stove can be an alternative to minimize this incident. An in-duction stove is a stove that utilizes the induction effect due to an electric current passing through the coil at the bottom of the stove so that it produces heat due to cooking utensils placed on the stove. Induction stoves work by utilizing an electric current that is applied to the induction coil on the stove, causing an alternating cur-rent in the coil. The purpose of this final project is to make a simple and efficient stove simulation design using an induction cooker based on an ATMega328 micro-controller accompanied by an ACS712 current sensor as a sensor that will detect how much current is used when cooking, the author also uses a thermocouple as a tool that functions to measure the temperature of objects . ripe. The manufacture of this tool also uses used Lit-Ion 16850 batteries which are recycled, then connected in series and parallel and produce a voltage of 12 volts as a hybrid. In order to maxim-ize the heat energy of the induction cooker, it is also necessary to have a cooking pot made of stainless steel which has low electrical resistivity and high permeability.58 HalamanKertas Karya Diplom
When lorawan frames collide
No full textLoRa, an abbreviation of Long Range, is a Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) radio technology that has quickly gained popularity as a communications means for the Internet-of-Things (IoT). LoRa is typically used together with the MAC protocol LoRaWAN and operates in the license-free ISM-bands. As such, anyone is allowed to deploy their own LoRaWAN network, provided that they adhere to the LoRaWAN specication and ISM regulations. However, an uncoordinated deployment of LoRaWAN networks may cause neighboring networks to interfere and LoRaWAN frames to collide. In this paper, we present an in-depth investigation of LoRaWAN frame collisions – and the capture eect in particular – through various experiments. Contrary to previous research, we focus on correct reception of data at the application, instead of at the gateway, and we consider multi-gateway, multi-provider, and dense scenarios to obtain insight into collisions within actual networks.Embedded System
Produktivitas Pengarang Menggunakan Hukum Lotka Dengan Teknik Complete Count Pada Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Tahun 2009-2018
Get PDFResearchers research to develop science. Research results are published as a form of scientific communication. One type of scientific publication is a journal article. YARSI Medical Journal is a peer-reviewed journal in the field of medicine and health that is open to the public owned by YARSI University. The author\u27s productivity patterns in the YARSI Medical Journal so far are unknown. Author productivity is the number of papers produced by the author on a particular subject and published in scientific journals in a certain period. This study aims to (1) Determine the author\u27s productivity patterns using Lotka\u27s Law with complete count techniques in YARSI Medical Journal 2009-2018; (2) Testing the suitability of the frequency of Lotka\u27s Law with the author\u27s frequency distribution using the complete count technique in YARSI Medical Journal 2009-2018. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with bibliometric analysis. Data collection uses documentation method. The results of this study include (1) the pattern of author productivity with an exponent value (n) 2.874110535 and the constant (C) 0.820080499 meaning that the author contributing to one article is 82.00% of the total number of authors, it can be said that the YARSI Medical Journal Author Productivity Pattern 2009- 2018 is low or less productive. (2) Based on the K-S test the maximum deviation is 0 and the critical value is 0.0829206. Dmax is smaller than the critical value, so H0 is accepted. That is, the Author Productivity Pattern uses the Complete Count Technique in YARSI Medical Journal 2009-2018 following Lotka\u27s Law
Performance Evaluation of LoRaWAN: From Small-Scale to Large-Scale Networks
No full textThe uprising of Long Range (LoRa) technology for Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) has gained popularity in IoT applications. As LoRa utilizes the license-free ISM-bands, many network providers have deployed their LoRa networks that adhere to the LoRaWAN specification. With so many deployed networks, it is likely that devices belonging to neighboring networks will interfere and lead to increased packet loss due to collisions. However, not all colliding frames attribute to packet loss, because of the capture effect in LoRa.In this thesis, we investigate the performance of LoRaWAN, particularly on frame collision and packet loss, through small-scale measurements, which is then followed by the evaluation in a large-scale setup involving multiple gateways. It is expected that adding more gateways can reduce packet loss. By estimating the Data Extraction Rate (DER) from the measurements and validating the result with simulations, we found that adding more gateways, to some extent, does improve the DER when the capture effect is considered. However, downlink traffic can significantly decrease DER of a single gateway as the currently available gateways operate in half-duplex mode. The impact of different spreading factor parameters to the network performance is also evaluated.We also characterize and evaluate the two major LoRaWAN networks in the Netherlands, namely The Things Network (TTN) and KPN, which respectively represent the crowdsourced and commercial usage of LoRaWAN networks. The influence of traffic from end-devices belonging to other networks on the channel utilization is evaluated. The results can be used as an empirical basis for developing more accurate models and simulations to better understand the capabilities of LoRaWAN.Electrical Engineering | Embedded System
Tuturan Performatif Dalam Film My Lecturer My Husband Sutradara Monty Tiwa
No full textThis study uses a descriptive content analysis method. The data collection technique used is the technique of documentation, listening, and taking notes. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of this study can be concluded that the most commonly found performative utterances are verdicative performative utterances with marker indicators confirming as many as 60 data. This is because, the film is a literary work that is the result of someone's imagination created based on inspiration from various daily life events so that it involves elaborating views, implementing arguments, and clarifying uses and references in expressing them. Meanwhile, performative utterances that are the least found are commissive performative utterances with indicators of intention and promise. This is because, this film is a romantic genre so that the indicators of intention and promise are very difficult for the author to find
Analisis Pembagian Harta Bersama Dalam Perkawinan Islam (Studi Pada Pengadilan Agama Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2021)
Get PDFThe author is interested in taking the title Analysis of Shared Property Distribution in Islamic Marriages (Study at the Pekanbaru City Religious Court in 2021). In this case, the author observes how the judge's consideration in the decision on the distribution of joint property according to Islamic law, so that the formulation of the problem in this study is as follows: 1. How is the distribution of joint property in Islamic marriages. 2. What is the view of Islamic law on the judge's considerations regarding the distribution of joint property after divorce. The research method that the author uses is library research, namely research by collecting data from books, legislation, and writings related to research with data collection tools using interview techniques. The place of this research is the Pekanbaru Religious Court on Jl. Datuk Setia Maharaja Jl. Parit Indah, Tengkerang Labuai, Kec. Bukit Raya, Pekanbaru City, Riau. The results of this study are husband and wife who have been officially divorced have the same rights to joint property, with an equal distribution between the two or based on an agreement between the two. The judge's consideration in adjudicating cases regarding the distribution of joint assets refers to Article 35 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974. Most respondents do not know about joint assets, but know about the mixing of assets, most of the respondents also stated that in joint assets there are inheritance from their parents but there is an agreement about the assets of the parents' inheritance. Respondents stated that the reason for resolving disputes in the Religious Courts was so that problems could be resolved fairly, but stated that if possible they would prefer the peaceful method, but did not know about the rules regarding the peaceful method in joint property cases. Respondents stated that the peace efforts made by the parties to the dispute were maximal and were willing to use mediation in resolving joint property cases and were willing to continue to follow the mediation process in the distribution of this joint property. The mediation process has been effective in solving problems, in resolving cases of distribution of property the respondent requires the services of a lawyer. Most of the results of this mediation were declared failed and the cause of the failure of the mediation process was largely due to differences in principles between the litigants. If the mediation process fails, the respondent chooses to continue the trial according to the main case, but there are also those who choose to conduct family deliberations
"This research and advisory report is a bachelor thesis required in order to graduate with Bachelor of Science from Saxion University of Applied Science"
Get PDF"Brexit started as an idea of getting sovereignty trom the European Union by the British.
After long way of tricky relationship between the UK and EU, finally on 23,d June 2016 British
had referendum to no longer be part of European Union. Up until this thesis is finished, there
is no certain time and deal on how brexit should be. These uncertainty has made some major
corporations to consider leaving UK as one of their part of supply chain, including Unilever as
the biggest Anglo-Dutch corporation. This decision by corporations can affect British' foreign
direct investment level, even though UK has been the largest FD! destination in Europe for
years. Some precedent researches and journals have predicted that it will plummet in long term,
some believed the plunge will only last for short term. This research aims to explain the impact
ofbrexit on UK's FD!, as well as giving suggestions to companies which are facing the same
problem as Unilever. The author used literature review method through various scientific
journals and reliable new report, in order to finish this bachelor thesis. Findings and
conclusions trom this thesis is aimed to help students and researchers in economic field to
understand better about brexit and its impact towards FDI in UK.
Al-Fitnah Al-Kubra Roots Sectarianism In Islam
No full textThe assassination of Uthman was the starting point for the emergence of divisions among Muslims. The incident of al-Fitnah al-Kubra became a dark record that tarnished the glorious history of this Ummah. In the midst of this crisis, Ali tried to fix the situation. However, Ali ascended the throne at an inopportune time. The short-lived and busy government stabilized the state of the state. Civil wars such as Jamal's war and Shiffin's war are also inevitable. This research is a review of existing literature (library research). Library research is a literature review, either from books, notes, or research relevant to this research. The results concluded The schism widened when Ali's dispute with Mu'awiya was ended through tahkim. In fact, it gets worse. If the wound of Muslims with the death of Uthman is likened to the scratch of a dagger, So the wounds of the people, after being caused by various events afterwards, were not only slit but also chopped. So the people seemed to be a pile of meat divided by hungry wolves. Not only that, each group of wolves attacks each other to take the other. To understand the complexity of this condition, the author tries to explain the roots of sectarianism in the bodies of Muslims
Improving Justice and Security in Indonesia: The Role of Australia-Indonesia Partnership for Justice (AIPJ2)
Get PDFLocated in a strategic area and consisting of various ethnicities and religions, Indonesia is vulnerable to transnational crimes and violent extremism. Furthermore, this also creates social injustice, where groups are marginalized. Therefore, Indonesia continues to strive to improve justice and security for its citizens, one of which is by increasing cooperation with other countries or international organizations. This article aims to explain how Indonesia-Australia cooperation’s role in maintaining justice and security in Indonesia through the second period of the Australia- Indonesia Partnership for Justice (AIPJ2). The author will use qualitative methods and use secondary data, where data will be collected from previous studies and related literature. The results of this research show that AIPJ2, through its support and programs to several Civil Society Organisations and government institutions, has contributed to positive changes in the justice and security sectors in Indonesia, even though these changes were done gradually and has to face challenges
