1,720,962 research outputs found
Aspek Konservasi Tanah dalam Mencegah Degradasi Lahan pada Lahan Pertanian Berlereng
Full text linkLand degradation in tropical regions generally occur as a result of soil erosion caused by heavy rainfall. Plateau and slope regions such as West Java have the biophysical factors that are prone to soil erosion. In optimizing the application of soil conservation aspects need to pay attention to local knowledge (local knowledge). This very positive impact in increasing the productivity of plants and soil, as well as reducing the rate of soil erosion. Soil conservation aspects that need to be made the key is the percentage of vegetation density of plants in accordance with the slope of the land. This includes the provision of proper nutrition or plant nutrient and fertilization strategies. But the application, granting pembenah organic soils such as manure or compost biomass to be done in situ. In the application of soil conservation aspects necessary role of government in interpreting and understanding the prevention of land degradation on sloping agricultural land. This is to facilitate the adoption of the technology and its application in farmers' fields. Participation extension workers and farmer groups are very important in supporting the improvement of productivity of the soil and plants. Special appreciation is required as motivation the implementation of aspects of soil conservation, especially on sloping agricultural land, in order to create a sustainable environment insights.Keywords : Slopping land; Soil Conservation; land degradatio
Rehabilitasi Lahan Kering Masam Untuk Pengembangan Komoditas Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max)
Full text linkDalam menunjang swasembada kedelai tahun 2014, maka diperlukan pertambahan produksi lebih dari 50
persen. Sedangkan lahan yang harus tersedia untuk mencukupi kebutuhan tersebut seluas 500 ribu
hektar. Dengan mencukupi luas lahan maka tercapailah luas tanam dan panen, sehingga Indonesia
terhindar dari impor. Lahan kering masam di Indonesia sekitar 102 juta ha dan hampir 50 persen lebih
dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan tanaman pangan. Lahan ini tersebar pada pulau besar di
Indonesia. Namun dalam mengembangkan komoditas tanaman kedelai memerlukan pengelolaan lahan
yang tepat. Hal ini karena lahan kering masam memiliki sifat tanah yang marjinal, sehingga diperlukan
pengelolaan lahan dengan teknik rehabilitasi. Dalam makalah ini diinformasikan mengenai kendala dan
pemecahannya dalam pengembangan komoditas tanaman kedelai pada lahan kering masam. Untuk
mendukung pengembangan komoditas tanaman kedelai, teknologi rehabilitasi lahan kering masam seperti
pemupukan, pengelolaan bahan organik dan fosfor mutlak diperlukan, namun teknologi ini harus
diintegrasikan dengan kendala biofisik tanah, agar tanah terjaga lingkungannya dan produktivitasnya
berkelanjutan. Dukungan kelembagaan secara rill seperti penyediaan kredit usahatani, infrastruktur dan
saprodi yang diharapkan dapat menunjang kehidupan petani. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menambah luas
tanam dan luas panen kedelai serta sebagai informasi cara untuk meningkatkan produktivitas lahan.
Dengan demikian Indonesia tidak lagi tergantung pada negara-negara impotir dan dapat meningkatkan
sasaran produksi kedelai yang berkelanjutan dan berwawasan lingkungan
Pengelolaan Lansekap Lahan Bekas Tambang: Pemulihan Lahan Dengan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Lokal (In-Situ)
Full text linkAbstrak. Salah satu pemanfaatan lahan yang memiliki dampak negative terhadap kualitas lahan adalah kegiatan penambangan. Dengan ekploitasi lahan yang intensif menyebabkan permukaan lahan (lansekap) menjadi tidak beraturan. Limbah sisa hasil tambang yang berada dipermukaan lahan seperti batuan sisa bahan tambang (overburden), sisa bahan tambang yang berbentuk pasir (tailing) dan air asam tambang serta limbah batuan yang mengandung logam berat sering menimbulkan kualitas lahan menjadi stress. Bahan sisa limbah hasil tambang memiliki kandungan bahan organik dan kelembaban tanah yang sangat rendah, tanah mudah padat. Lapisan tanah atas pada lahan bekas tambang sangat heterogen dan memiliki berat isi tinggi, bersifat toksik dan hara makro menjadi tidak tersedia bagi tanaman sehingga tanaman tidak tumbuh dan berproduksi serta memiliki populasi mikroba tanah rendah. Pengelolaan lansekap pada lahan bekas tambang tidak terlepas dari tindakan konservasi tanah, karena selain memperbaiki tanah untuk media tumbuh tanaman, juga mengurangi dampak negative terhadap erosi dan aliran permukaan. Salah satu pendekatan dalam pengelolaan lansekap adalah meningkatkan kualitas tanah yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Pencegahan degradasi lahan dan membangun sumber bahan organik in-situ, melalui rotasi tanaman, sistim pengolahan tanah, penggunaan mulsa tanaman, tanaman penutup tanah dan pertanaman berlereng. Pemanfaatan sumberdaya lokal menjadi penting dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas lahan bekas tambang. Namun hal terpenting bahwa pembenah tanah harus potential memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia dan mikrobiologi tanah, serta bahan pembenah tanah atau ameliorant merupakan sumberdaya lokal. Abstract. One use of land that has a negative impact on the quality of land is mining. With the intensive exploitation of land which causes the surface of the land (landscape) becomes irregular. Residual waste that is surface mined land as mine waste rock material (overburden), residual minerals in the form of sand (tailings) and acid mine drainage and waste rock containing heavy metals often cause the quality of land to become stressed. Waste material mined residual organic matter and soil moisture is very low, easy to soil solid. A layer of topsoil on mined lands is very heterogeneous and have a high bulk density, toxic and macro nutrients unavailable to plants so that the plants do not grow and produce, and have low soil microbial populations. Landscape management on mined land can not be separated from soil conservation measures, because in addition to improve the soil for plant growth media, also reduces the negative impact on erosion and runoff. One approach in the management of the landscape is improving soil quality that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. Prevention of land degradation and build a sources of organic material in-situ, through crop rotation, tillage systems, crop mulching, cover crops and crop cycle. Utilization of local resources to be important in order to improve the quality of mined lands. But the most important thing, that soil ameliorant should be potential improve to soil physical, chemical and biological , as well as ameliorant material are a local resource
Identification of Soil Salinity Due to Seawater Intrusion on Rice Field in the Northern Coast of Indramayu, West Java
Full text linkThe rice fields in Indramayu district is 55% of the district area. The average rainfall is 1590 mm per year. Most lands on the North Coast of Java (northern) were potentially affected by sea water intrusion. Extensive observations were 102.321 ha. Field observations were done by survey method. Observations had been conducted on rice fields Pantura, Indramayu, West Java. Soil salinity was measured by using the electromagnetic conductivity meter (EM-38). The results revealed that area had very high salinity which was 22.57%, closest to the beach Indramayu. In the South Region, soil salinity was lower, in accordance with the distance from the coastline. Some areas had a low, medium, and high salinity status in which 58.41%, 8.54% and 10.49%, respectively. Much of the research area had very high Sodium (Na) and ECe (0 - 30 cm) was between 1.37 to 16.38 dS m-1, while the ECe (30 - 70 cm) was between 1.11 to 17.40 dS m-1. This research was expected to assist in the agricultural development planning, especially in wetlands which have been affected by the intrusion of sea water (salinity). Planning for theimplementation of the development of rice varieties that are sensitive to high and very high salinity. Planning and improvement of irrigation networks as sources of clean water for washing the salts or pushing salt water into the sea.Keywords: Coast of Indramayu, rice field, seawater intrusion, soil salinit
Keragaman Sifat Tanah pada Lahan Cekungan Sawah Mineral Masam Terhadap Produksi Padi di Kecamatan Probolinggo, Kabupaten Lampung Timur
Full text linkPeningkatan produktivitas tanah sawah mineral masam dapat diperbaiki dengan teknologi pengelolaan bahan organik dan pupuk berdasarkan konsep uji tanah untuk menanggulangi kendala sifat-sifat kimia tanah. Permasalahan lahan tersebut adalah kandungan bahan organik rendah, kahat hara makro primer dan sekunder, dan keracunan Fe. Perluasan areal lahan untuk pengembangan persawahan di Indonesia pada umumnya didominasi tanah masam berordo Ultisol dan Oxisol telah diprioritaskan di luar Jawa sejak lebih dari tiga dekade. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: mendeteksi sifat-sifat kimia tanah sawah mineral yang berpengaruh
tehadap air perkolasi dalam hubungan terhadap kebutuhan air pada tanah sawah mineral. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 1) tanah sawah di Kp Taman Bogo, Propinsi Lampung sangat kahat kation-kation dapat ditukar terutama K, keracunan Fe dan ketersediaan hara P yang rendah 2). kandungan C dan N organik sangat rendah, sangat kahat kation Ca, Mg, dan K, serta mengandung Fe yang tinggi sehingga dapat meracuni tanaman
Teknik Konservasi Tanah Untuk Pengendalian Erosi Dan Kehilangan Hara Serta Efisiensi Energi di Lahan Budidaya Sayuran Dataran Tinggi
Full text linkPerbaikan Sifat Tanah dan Peningktan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium cepa grup Aggregatum) dengan Menggunakan Mulsa dan Bahan Pembenah Tanah
Full text linkTanah di lahan kering merupakan lahan yang terdegradasi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan perbaikan kualitas tanah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan mulsa dan bahan pembenah tanah dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik dan kimi tanah serta kaitannya dalam meningkatkan produksi bawang merah. Penelitian aplikasi mulsa dan pembenah tanah pada pertanaman bawang merah dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juni musim tanam (MT) 2016 di Desa Bayongbong, Kecamatan Bayongbong, Kabupaten Garut, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah (Split Plot Design) dengan 3 ulangan. Main plot adalah jenis mulsa yaitu: Tanpa mulsa (M-0), Mulsa plastik (M-1), dan Mulsa jerami (M-2) sedangkan sub-plot adalah: 1) Teknologi petani (B-1), 2) B-1+ NPK rekomendasi (B-2), 3) B-1 + 5 t ha-1 Dolomit (B-3), 4) B-1 + 5.0 5 t ha-1 Biochar (B-4), 5) B-1 + 5 5 t ha-1 Dolomit + 5.0 5 t ha-1Biochar (B-5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsa dan pembenah tanah memperbaiki sifat fisika tanah (retensi air, porositas dan agregasi tanah). Selain itu memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah (pH, Ca2+, K+, Ca-dd, K-dd, KB). Ada interaksi antara musa dan pembenah tanah terhadap hasil umbi bawang merah. Hasil umbi 18.35 t ha-1 didapatkan pada perlakuan mulsa plastik dengan teknologi petani dtambah 5 t ha-1 dolomit yang meningkatkan hasil sampai 57.8% dibandingkan kontrol, tanpa mulsa dengan teknologi petani.
Kata kunci : hasil umbi, sayuran tropis, sifat fisika tanah, sifat kimia tanahSoil in upland is degraded. Therefore it is necessary to improve the quality of the soil. This researh aimed to determine the effect of mulch and soil amandment application on improving soil physical and chemical properties and its relation in increasing shallot yield. A Study of mulch and soil amandment application on shallot cultivation was conducted on Mar ch up to June during the 2016 planting season in Bayongbong Village, Bayongbong Subdistrict, Garut District, West Java Province. The experimental design was split plot design with three replications. The main plot were mulch type, they were whithout mulch (M-0), black plastic mulch (M-1), and straw mulch (M-2). Meanwhile the sub plot were farmer practice, farmer practice plus NPK, farmer practice plus 5 t ha-1 dolomite, farmer practice plus 5 t ha-1 biochar and farmer practice + 5 t ha-1dolomite plus 5 t ha-1 biochar. The research results showed that mulch and soil amandement improved physical soil properties, water retension, porosity, and soil aggregation. In addition soil amendment improved soil chemical characteristics (pH, Ca2+, K+, Ca-exch., K-exch., base saturation). There was an interaction between mulch and soil amendments on the shallot bulb yield. (18.35 t ha-1) was obtained by plastic mulch and farmer practice plus 5 t ha-1 dolomite that increased the yield up to 57.8 % than control, without mulch and farmer practice.
Key words: plant growth, soil chemistry, soil physics, yiel
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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