Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
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Potensi Ekstrak Bunga Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) dan Tanaman Mimosa pudica L. sebagai Edible Coating untuk Memperpanjang Masa Simpan pada Buah Apel: Potential of Kecombrang Flower Extract (Etlingera elatior) and Plants Mimosa pudica L. as an Edible Coating to Extend the Shelf Life of Apples
Full text linkThe apple industry in Indonesia, particularly in East Java Province, faces significant challenges related to fruit spoilage, which can result in substantial economic losses. One potential solution to address this issue is the application of natural-based edible coatings. This study aims to examine the effects of combining torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) flower extract and mimosa (Mimosa pudica) plant extract as the main ingredients in edible coatings on the quality and shelf life of apples. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed with four treatments: no coating (P0), coating with 2% extract (P1), 4% extract (P2), and 6% extract (P3). The results revealed that the combination of these extracts contained antimicrobial compounds such as dodecanal, octane, 1,1-diethoxy-, squalene, and methyl stearate, which effectively inhibited spoilage. The P3 treatment (6% extract) proved the most effective in maintaining apple quality, as indicated by stable weight, firmness, and sustained sugar and vitamin C content during storage.
Keywords: post-harvest, storage capacity, secondary metabolitesIndustri apel di Indonesia, khususnya di Provinsi Jawa Timur, menghadapi permasalahan serius terkait pembusukan buah yang berpotensi menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang cukup besar. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah melalui penerapan edible coating berbahan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh kombinasi ekstrak bunga kecombrang dan tanaman putri malu sebagai bahan dasar edible coating terhadap kualitas dan masa simpan buah apel. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu tanpa pelapisan (P0), pelapisan dengan ekstrak 2% (P1), 4% (P2), dan 6% (P3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi kedua ekstrak tersebut mengandung senyawa antimikroba, seperti dodekanal, oktana, 1,1-diethoksi-, skualena, dan metil stearat, yang efektif dalam menghambat proses pembusukan. Perlakuan P3 (ekstrak 6%) terbukti paling optimal dalam mempertahankan mutu buah apel, ditunjukkan dengan kestabilan bobot, tingkat kekerasan, serta kandungan gula dan vitamin C selama masa penyimpanan.
Kata kunci: daya simpan, metabolit sekunder, pasca pane
Aplikasi Pupuk Mikro Boron dan Molibdenum pada Kualitas Buah Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)
Full text link Indonesian strawberry quality is generally still low leading to high strawberry imports. Research aimed to evaluate the effect of Boron (B) and Molybdenum (Mo) applications on the production and quality of strawberries. The research was conducted at a farmer’s field in Rancabali-Bandung, Indonesia, from July to August 2024. Formulated foliar fertilizer containing 500 ppm B and 5 ppm Mo was applied with different concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.8%). It was applied at different fruit stages (5 and 12 days after anthesis). Data were evaluated for the number of fruits, fruit size and weight, and fruit quality. Results showed that application time at different fruit ages had no significant effect on all variables. Fertilizer concentration did not affect fruit production, but it affected fruit firmness, TTA, and TSS levels. The concentration of 0.8% resulted in the highest level of firmness, the lowest TAA level (0.32%), and the highest TSS (12.40 oBrix). Thus, the B and Mo applications enhanced some indicators of fruit quality in strawberries. It is important to evaluate the effect of B and Mo applications at the farmer’s level to enhance strawberry quality.
Keywords: Acidity, Brix, foliar fertilizer, production, vitamin CKualitas stroberi lokal umumnya masih rendah yang berakibat tingginya impor stroberi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh aplikasi pupuk daun mengandung Boron (B) dan Molibdenum (Mo) terhadap produksi dan kualitas buah stroberi. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan petani di Rancabali-Bandung, Indonesia, dari bulan Juli hingga Agustus 2024. Larutan pupuk daun yang mengandung 500 ppm B dan 5 ppm Mo diaplikasikan pada umur buah berbeda (5 dan 12 hari setelah anthesis) dengan konsentrasi berbeda (0%, 0.5%, 0.6%, dan 0.8%). Data evaluasi meliputi jumlah buah normal dan abnormal, ukuran dan bobot buah, serta kualitas buah (kelunakan, keasaman (TAT), kemanisan (PTT), dan vitamin C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu aplikasi tidak berpengaruh nyata pada semua variabel. Konsentrasi pupuk tidak mempengaruhi produksi, tetapi mempengaruhi kekerasan buah, TAT, dan PTT. Konsentrasi 0.8% menghasilkan PTT tertinggi (12.40 oBrix), kekerasan tertinggi, dan TAT terendah (0.32%). Dengan demikian, aplikasi B dan Mo dapat meningkatkan kualitas buah stroberi, namun efektivitasnya di tingkat petani perlu evaluasi lebih lanjut
Studi Tahap Perkembangan Mikrospora dan Respon Pepaya Hermaprodit Kultivar Callina melalui Kultur Antera
No full textKultur antera merupakan teknik kultur in vitro yang menjanjikan dalam mendapatkan tanaman haploid dalam satu generasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai tahap perkembangan mikrospora dan respon antera pada tiga ukuran bunga hermaprodit pepaya Callina pada medium induksi kalus. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikroteknik dan Kultur Jaringan 3, IPB- Bogor, dari Juli hingga November 2022. Bahan tanam yang digunakan adalah antera dari tiga ukuran bunga hermaprodit pepaya kultivar Callina meliputi kecil (10-15 mm), sedang (16-20 mm) dan besar (21-25 mm). Medium kultur yang digunakan adalah medium MS dengan enam perlakuan ZPT yaitu empat perlakuan kombinasi (0.005, 0.01, 0,1 dan 0,5 mg L-1) CPPU dan (0.1 mg L-1) NAA; 0.1 mg L-1 BAP dan 0.1 mg L-1 NAA; serta 1.0 mg L-1 BAP dan 2.0 mg L-1 NAA. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) satu faktor (stadia perkembangan mikrospora) dan 2 faktor (induksi kalus). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bunga berukuran 10-15 mm memiliki persentase mikrospora uninucleate tertinggi (77.95%), merupakan ukuran yang responsif untuk menginduksi terbentuknya kalus dari antera. Perlakuan 0.5 mg L-1 CPPU dan 0.1 mg L-1 NAA menunjukkan persentase antera membentuk kalus tertinggi (40.4%). Sementara itu, ukuran bunga tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter yang diamati, tetapi pada ukuran bunga 10-15 mm menunjukkan persentase antera membentuk kalus paling banyak (13%).
Anther culture is an in vitro culture technique that is promising in obtaining haploid plants in one generation. This study aimed to obtain information regarding the stages of microspore development and anther response in three sizes of Callina papaya hermaphroditic flower buds on a callus induction medium. The research was conducted at the Microtechnics and Tissue Culture Laboratory 3, IPB- Bogor, from July to November 2022. The planting material used was three sizes of hermaphrodite flowers of the papaya variety Callina including small (10-15 mm), medium (16-20 mm) and large (21-25 mm). The culture medium used was MS medium with six PGR treatments, namely four combination treatments of (0.005, 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mg L-1) CPPU and (0.1 mg L-1) NAA; 0.1 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 NAA; and 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 2.0 mg L-1 NAA. The experimental design used a Randomized Complete Group Design (RCBD) with one factor (microspore development stage) and 2 factors (callus induction). The results showed that flowers measuring 10-15 mm had the highest percentage of uninucleate microspores (77.95%), a responsive size for inducing callus formation from anthers. Treatments of 0.5 mg L-1 CPPU and 0.1 mg L-1 NAA showed the highest percentage of anthers forming callus (40.4%). At the same time, flower size did not significantly influence the parameters observed, but 10-15 mm flower sizes showed the highest percentage of anthers forming callus (13%).
Keywords: BAP, CPPU, callus induction, flower bud, NA
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No full textThe success of shallot farming is influenced by the availability of high-quality seeds of superior varieties, accompanied by balanced fertilization. NPK fertilizer is important for the growth and development of plants and the yield of shallot bulbs. The experiment was carried out from August to October 2019 in dry land Karangploso Experimental Garden, Assessment Institute of Agriculture Technology (AIAT) of East Java (Malang Regency) during the dry season. This study aims to determine the influence interaction from applying various doses of single NPK fertilizer Urea, ZA, SP-36 and KCl and compound NPK fertilizer against growth and shallot yield. The experimental design used a randomized block design (RBD) arranged factorially (8x3). The first factor is the fertilization package single NPK which consists of two levels, namely: P1= 150 kg ha-1 Urea + 300 kg ha-1 ZA + 150 kg ha-1 SP-36 + 150 kg ha-1 KCl; and P2= 200 kg ha-1 Urea + 500 kg ha-1 ZA + 200 kg ha-1 SP-36 + 200 kg ha-1 KCl. The second factor was compound NPK fertilizer, which consisted of four levels: N0= without compound NPK fertilizer; N1= 100 kg ha-1; N2= 200 kg ha-1; and N3= 300 kg ha-1. The study’s results showed that the treatment of single doses of NPK fertilizer and compound NPK fertilizers did not provide a significant interaction, so these two factors were independent.
Keywords: Anorganic Fertilizer, Production, ShallotsKeberhasilan usahatani bawang merah dipengaruhi oleh tersedianya benih varietas unggul yang bermutu disertai pemupukan yang berimbang. Pupuk NPK penting untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman serta hasil umbi bawang merah. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2019 di lahan kering Kebun Percobaan Karangploso, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Jawa Timur (Kabupaten Malang) pada musim kemarau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi pengaruh pemberian berbagai dosis pupuk NPK tunggal Urea, ZA, SP-36 dan KCl serta pupuk NPK majemuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial (8x3). Faktor pertama adalah paket pemupukan NPK tunggal yang terdiri dari dua taraf yaitu: P1 = 150 kg Ha-1 Urea + 300 kg Ha-1 ZA + 150 kg Ha-1 SP-36 + 150 kg Ha-1 KCl; dan P2 = 200 kg Ha-1 Urea + 500 kg Ha-1 ZA + 200 kg Ha-1 SP-36 + 200 kg Ha-1 KCl. Faktor kedua adalah pupuk NPK majemuk yang terdiri dari empat taraf: N0 = tanpa pupuk NPK majemuk; N1 = 100 kg Ha-1; N2 = 200 kg Ha-1; dan N3 = 300 kg Ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk NPK dosis tunggal dan pupuk NPK majemuk tidak memberikan interaksi yang nyata sehingga kedua faktor tersebut bersifat independen.Kata Kunci : Pupuk NPK, Bawang Merah, Hasi
Karakter Fisikokimia Buah Melon Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. var. Cantaloupe) yang Dipanen Awal: Physicochemical Characteristics of Early Harvested Cantaloupe Melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Cantaloupe)
Full text linkMelon cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L var. Cantaloupe) merupakan buah klimakterik sehingga cepat mengalami kemunduran kualitas setelah buah dipanen. Buah melon cantaloupe yang dipanen awal setelah matang fisiologi dapat memperpanjang umur simpannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh fisikokimia buah melon cantaloupe yang dipanen awal selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dilakukan di greenhouse Kebun Tajur, Pusat Kajian Hortikultura dan Tropika, Institut Pertanian Bogor (PKHT IPB) dan Laboratorium Pascapanen dan Biomassa Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB. Pengamatan kualitas pascapanen dilakukan menggunakan metode nondestruktif dan destruktif. Parameter yang diamati meliputi laju respirasi, produksi etilen, perubahan kerutan kulit, PTT, ATT, dan kandungan vitamin C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buah melon cantaloupe yang dipanen 32 hari setelah antesis (HSA) mengalami puncak respirasi pada 7 hari setelah panen (HSP), puncak produksi etilen pada 9 HSP, pengerutan kulit buah pada 18 HSP, kandungan PTT tertinggi (6.99 oBrix), ATT (0.02 mL g-1), rasio PTT/ATT (493.75), dan kandungan vitamin C (20.65 mg (100 g)-1).
Kata kunci: buah klimakterik, kualitas pascapanen, umur simpan, produksi etilenCantaloupe (Cucumis melo L var. Cantaloupe) is a climacteric fruit that shows rapid physical and morphological changes after the fruit is harvested. The shelf life of the fruit can be extended by harvesting early after the fruit has reached the physiological ripeness stage. This study aimed to assess the effect of early harvesting time on the quality of cantaloupe fruit during storage. The experiment was conducted at the Research Center for Tropical Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University (PKHT, IPB) Farm Tajur, Bogor, and postharvest ripening test was conducted at Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University. Parameters observed included respiration rate, ethylene production, changes in skin wrinkling, soluble sugar concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and vitamin C content. The result showed that cantaloupe harvested early at 32 days after anthesis has peak respiration at 7 days after harvest, peak ethylene production 9 days after harvest, shrivel incidence of the fruit skin at 18 days after harvest, highest PTT content (6.99 oBrix), ATT (0.02 mL g-1), PTT/ATT ratio (493.75), and vitamin C content (20.65 mg (100 g)-1.
Keywords: climacteric fruit, postharvest quality, shelf life, ethylene productio
Pengaruh Jenis Mulsa dan Tinggi Bedengan terhadap Lingkungan Mikro Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.): The Effect of Types of Mulch and Bed Height on Micro Environment, the Growth and Yield of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Full text linkBawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) merupakan tanaman pertanian bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang rentan terhadap kekeringan karena memiliki akar pendek, namun juga tidak dapat tumbuh dengan baik di lahan yang tergenang air. Upaya manipulasi lingkungan dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian mulsa dan pengaturan tinggi bedengan untuk memperbaiki tata udara tanah, serta mengoptimalkan suhu dan kelembaban tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis mulsa dan tinggi bedengan terbaik yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januar-April 2023 di Desa Menggare, Slahung, Ponorogo Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan RAK dengan 9 kombinasi perlakuan jenis mulsa dan tinggi bedengan (tanpa mulsa, jerami dan MPHP (mulsa plastik hitam perak) pada ketinggian bedengan 30, 40 dan 50 cm) yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsa jerami dan MPHP dapat menurunkan suhu tanah pada kedalaman 10 cm 1.5-3.0 oC dan 1.84 oC. Perlakuan MPHP pada ketinggian 40 cm dan 50 cm serta mulsa jerami pada ketinggian 50 cm meningkatkan produksi umbi masing-masing sebesar 29.9%, 34.6%, dan 31.9% dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa mulsa pada ketinggian 30 cm yang menghasilkan 9.28 ton ha-1.
Kata kunci: bawang merah, lingkungan mikro, MPHP, suhu tanahShallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) are an agricultural commodity with high economic value that cannot tolerate drought because of their short roots. Still, it cannot tolerate being in a place that is flooded with water. Efforts to manipulate the environment of shallot plants can be done by providing mulch and adjusting the height of the beds to improve soil air conditioning, as well as optimizing soil temperature and moisture. The research aims to obtain the best type of mulch and bed height that can increase the growth and yield of shallots. The study was carried out in January-April 2023 in Menggare Village, Slahung, Ponorogo, East Java. The research used RBD with 9 combination treatments of mulch and bed height (without mulch, straw, and silver black plastic mulch with bed heights of 30, 40, and 50 cm) and was repeated 3 times. Straw mulch and silver black plastic mulch can reduce soil temperature to a depth of 10 cm by 1.5-3.0 oC and 1.84 oC. Treatment of silver black plastic mulch 40 cm and 50 cm and 50 cm of straw mulch increased tuber production by 29.9, 34.6, and 31.9% compared to without mulch, 30 cm, which produces tubers 9.28 ton ha-1.
Keywords: microclimate, silver black plastic mulch, shallot, soil temperatur
Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Mulsa Polyethylene terhadap Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) di Lahan Kering: Effectivity and Efficiency of Polyethylene Mulching for Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Production in Dry Land Cultivation
Full text linkShallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) are an important commodity in Indonesia’s economy, but their growth in dry land areas is often hindered by water limitations and suboptimal environmental conditions. This study aims to evaluate the impact of plastic mulch on the growth and yield of shallots in dry land using a drip irrigation system. The experiment was conducted at the Cikarawang Experimental Field, IPB University, from September to December 2022, using a non-factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with plastic mulch and no mulch treatments. The use of plastic mulch tended to reduce plant growth. However, plastic mulch was effective in reducing tuber weight loss, which could potentially increase farmers\u27 income. These findings provide valuable insights for developing sustainable shallot cultivation techniques in dry land areas.
Keywords: drip irrigation, dry land, plastic mulch, shallot production, weight lossBawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) merupakan komoditas penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, namun pertumbuhannya di lahan kering seringkali terhambat oleh keterbatasan air dan kondisi lingkungan yang tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan mulsa plastik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen bawang merah di lahan kering dengan sistem irigasi tetes. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cikarawang, IPB University, selama bulan September-Desember 2022, menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) non-faktorial dengan perlakuan mulsa plastik dan tanpa mulsa. Penggunaan mulsa plastik cenderung menurunkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Namun, mulsa plastik efektif dalam mengurangi penyusutan bobot umbi, yang dapat meningkatkan potensi pendapatan petani. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting untuk pengembangan teknik budidaya bawang merah yang berkelanjutan di lahan kering. Namun, mulsa plastik efektif dalam mengurangi penyusutan bobot umbi, yang dapat meningkatkan potensi pendapatan petani. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting untuk pengembangan teknik budidaya bawang merah yang berkelanjutan di lahan kering.
Kata kunci: irigasi tetes, lahan kering, mulsa plastik, produksi bawang merah, susut bobo
Uji Efektivitas Sterilisasi dan Jenis Eksplan yang Berbeda pada Citrullus lanatus L. secara In Vitro: Uji Efektivitas Kombinasi Bahan Sterilan yang Berbeda pada Citrullus lanatus L. secara In Vitro
No full text Watermelon plants require consistent environmental conditions throughout their growth period. Tissue culture serves as a solution in plant propagation techniques that can control the environmental conditions for watermelon growth. This study aims to determine the appropriate sterilization method and explant type for watermelon plant propagation using tissue culture techniques. The research was conducted from June to August 2022 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. This study used a Complete Randomized Factorial Design (CRFD) with two factors: six treatments of different sterilization agent sequences for explants, including Benomyl 0.2% for 3 minutes, detergent for 3 minutes, HgCl₂ 0.03% for 10 minutes, and 70% alcohol for 45 seconds, and four types of explants: radicle, hypocotyl, plumule, and cotyledon, with two replicates of five experimental units each. The results showed that sterilization factors and explant types had a significant effect on the percentage of contaminated explants and indicated a decrease in contamination in the treatment of 0.2% benomyl for 3 minutes, detergent for 3 minutes, 0.03% HgCl2 for 10 minutes, and 70% alcohol for 45 seconds on cotyledon explants.
Keywords: browning, contamination, tissue culture, watermelon sproutWatermelon requires consistent environmental conditions during its growth period. Inconsistent environmental conditions make it difficult for watermelons to adapt to the new environment, which results in a decrease in production. Tissue culture is a propagation solution that can control the environmental conditions of watermelon plants. This study aims to determine the right combination of sterilization materials in watermelon propagation by tissue culture method. This research was conducted from June to August 2022 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. The sterilization materials used were a combination of 70% alcohol, detergent, 0.03% HgCl2, and 0.2% benomyl fungicide. The observed parameters in this research included the percentage of explant contamination, live explants, dead explants, and media contamination. The results showed that sterilization treatment with detergent for 3 minutes and HgCl2 0.03% for 10 minutes was able to reduce contamination of explants and media and showed the highest percentage of live explants followed by treatment with detergent for 3 minutes, 70% alcohol for 45 seconds, and HgCl2 0.03% for 10 minutes. The lowest percentage of dead explants was obtained in two treatments with a combination of benomyl 0.2% fungicide for 3 minutes and 70% alcohol for 45 seconds. The most resistant explant to contamination and death was the radicle while the most susceptible was the hypocotyl explant
Budidaya Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Sistem Terapung di Lahan Rawa Lebak dengan Volume Media Tanam yang Berbeda
No full textBudidaya tanaman dengan sistem terapung bisa dijadikan sebagai salah satu bentuk alternatif yang dapat dikembangkan pada kondisi lahan yang tergenang. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman adalah volume media tanam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan volume media tanam yang paling sesuai untuk budidaya pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara terapung agar dapat menghasilkan produksi yang maksimal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ekologi Tanaman Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian dan Lahan Embung Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya pada bulan Juli sampai September 2024. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan volume media yang terdiri dari 1.9 ℓ (V1), 2.7 ℓ (V2), 3.6 ℓ (V3), dan 5 ℓ (V4). Sistem budidaya terapung ini menggunakan rakit yang terbuat dari bambu dan galon air mineral berukuran 1.3 m x 2 m dengan pendekatan hidroponik sistem wick dan modifikasi rakit apung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan volume media tanam 5 ℓ (V4) memberikan hasil pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih baik dibandingkan ketiga perlakuan lainnya. Akan tetapi, rakit dengan volume media tanam 1.9 ℓ (V1) mampu menampung lebih banyak jumlah populasi sehingga memberikan keuntungan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan volume media tanam lebih besar.The increasing population also increases the need for vegetables, so it is necessary to increase vegetable production. Floating system cultivation can be used as an alternative form to increase vegetable production by utilizing flooded land. One factor that can affect plant growth is the volume of planting media. This research was conducted to determine proper the volume of planting media in Brassica rapa L. cultivation using floating system as an effort to produce optimum production in swamp area cultivation. This research was carried out in the swamp research field laboratory Agronomy Department Sriwijaya University from July to September 2024. The research method used was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments consisting of 1.9 liter (V1), 2.7 liter (V2), 3.6 liter (V3), and 5 liter (V4) planting media volume. This floating agriculture system used a raft made of bamboo and mineral water gallons measuring 1.3 m × 2 m with the approach hydroponic wick system and modified floating rafts. The research results showed that cultivating Brassica rapa L. with volumes of media using floating system produced the highest quality of growth per plant in 5 L media volume treatment (V4). Meanwhile, 1.9 L media volume treatment (V1) was able to accommodate larger a plant population with the highest production yield per raft unit.
Keywords : floating rafts, flooded land, vegetables, wick syste
Dormansi Benih Melon (Cucumis melo L.): Penyebab, Tipe, dan Efektivitas Perlakuan Plasma untuk Pematahan Dormansi: Seed Dormancy of melon seed and it\u27s breaking
No full textPlasma adalah gas terionisasi yang menghasilkan spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS) dan spesies nitrogen reaktif (RNS), yang dapat meningkatkan imbibisi benih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan tipe dormansi benih melon dan memanfaatkan plasma untuk pematahan dormansi. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan. Percobaan pertama menentukan penyebab dormansi benih melon dengan mengamati perubahan fisiologis dan hormon selama 10 minggu, serta mengupas testa dan tegmen yang menghambat imbibisi benih. Lot benih yang disimpan diuji perkecambahannya serta dilakukan analisis hormon ABA dan GA setiap minggu. Percobaan kedua mengaplikasikan plasma pada benih melon yang dilembabkan dan tidak dilembabkan dengan voltase (100, 150, 225) volt, serta optimasi waktu perendaman benih dalam air selama (2, 4, 6) jam dengan voltase 225 volt. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode penyimpanan 0 -10 minggu terjadi fluktuasi kandungan hormon giberelin (GA), asam absisat (ABA) dan Daya Berkecambah (DB). Pengupasan testa dan tegmen dapat meningkatkan DB menjadi 89%. Konsentrasi hormon GA pada benih yang telah diberi perlakuan plasma lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan benih tanpa perlakuan, namun belum mampu meningkatkan DB. Optimasi waktu perendaman benih dalam air selama 2 jam sebelum pemaparan plasma mampu meningkatkan DB. Benih melon masih memiliki dormansi hingga 10 minggu dan memiliki dormansi fisik yang lebih dominan dibandingkan dormansi fisiologis. Pematahan dormansi pada perlakuan plasma 225 volt dengan perendaman benih selama maksimum 2 jam sebelum pemaparan plasma dapat mematahkan dormansi benih melon dengan DB 83.5%.Freshly harvested melon seeds exhibit dormancy, resulting in a germination rate of less than 45%. Plasma, an ionized gas, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that enhance seed imbibition. This study aimed to identify the type of dormancy in melon seeds and evaluate the effects of plasma treatment through two experiments. The first experiment assessed the physiological quality of seeds over 10 weeks and measured hormone concentrations in seeds stored for 0 to 5 weeks. For seeds stored for 7 weeks, we peeled the testa and tegmen. The second experiment tested plasma effects on freshly harvested seeds by applying it at voltages of 100, 150, and 225 volts for 120 seconds, both on dry seeds and those moistened for 1 hour. We also optimized soaking times (2, 4, or 6 hours) for seeds with a 4-week shelf life at 225 volts. Results showed
fluctuating levels of gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) hormones, with peeling increasing the germination rate to 89%. Seeds treated with plasma exhibited higher GA concentrations than the control, and a 2-hour soaking before 225-volt plasma application increased the germination rate to 83.5%. In conclusion, melon seeds demonstrate both physical dormancy (due to a non-permeable seed coat) and physiological dormancy (linked to hormonal balance).
Keywords: ABA, GA, germination, RNS, RO