University Of Lampung Journal Publication
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Spatial Distribution of Soil Properties and Soil Fertility Status in the Paddy Rice Field of Oransbari
No full textSoil properties and soil fertility status of paddy rice fields are considered important factors related to the yield and production of rice; therefore it is essential to understand those properties across the farm. The objectives of this research is to quantify the soil properties and soil fertility status of paddy-rice soil and their spatial variability in Oransbari. Forty-two composite soil samples (0-30 cm) were taken across paddy rice fields and analyzed for soil chemical properties and fertility status. Geostatistical analysis and ordinary kriging interpolation methods were used to quantify soil variability and its fertility status across the farm. The results showed that total soil Nitrogen ranges from 0.11% to 0.17%), organic-C (1.47-6.94%), C/N ratio (11-47), total-P (13-99 mg 100 g-1), available-P (30-227 mg kg-1), total-K (27-54 mg 100 g-1), soil pH (5.83-6.93), base saturation (70-100%), and CEC is 30.51-51.23 me 100 g-1. The spatial variability of all soil characteristics exhibited medium and fit the stable model, except for available Phosphorus and Potassium. Most rice paddy fields in Oransbari showed high soil fertility status, which indicated that high-yield rice production can be achieved for this region, however, land management factors should be considered for sustainable land use
Water Table Control Model for Maize Cultivation of C Typology Land on Tidal Lowland Reclaimed Area of South Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textTidal lowland productivity in type C is still low. Most of them have only been able to cultivate rice twice a year. The third cultivation of corn often fails due to a lack of water. The research objective is to determine an operational model for water management in the field for maize cultivation at several planting times. Model area is conducted at a tertiary block of reclaimed tidal lowland, Telang Jaya Village Primer 8 Delta Telang I, of Banyuasin District. There are three planting times treatments: the fourth week of April, the second week of June, and the first week of July, 2021. A water management model was applied to control the drainage system, in which the water level in the tertiary channel is maintained at a depth of 50 cm. When groundwater drops below 70 cm, and there is no rain, pump irrigation is provided. Results of the field experiment showed that the maize crop showed similar growth quality at each phase. Land with a planting period of June and July still requires water addition using pump irrigation. It was applied on 14th and 18th August. Moreover, the maize cultivated at the end of April did not require pump irrigation. All treatments have generally similar production with an average magnitude of 8.0 Mg ha-1. The highest production is 8.73 Mg ha-1, which is planted in the first week of July
Study of the Quality of Biogeotextile Materials as Semi-Organic Mulch on Saline Land
Full text linkDegraded land affects almost all ecosystems and can harm the progress and quality of human life, so it needs attention. Saline soil is a land degradation with high salt content that causes toxic effects, increases root osmotic pressure, and inhibits plant growth. One solution is using organic mulch processed into biogeotextiles because it can provide solutions for erosion control and soil stabilization while minimizing negative impacts on the ecosystem. This research was conducted from May to August 2023 in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture UPN ‘Veteran’ East Java. This study used a group randomized design with one factor, the type of geotextile material consisting of reed grass (RG), straw (ST), pandanus odorifer (PO), and sugarcane bagasse (SB). This research was conducted with a litterbox of 20x20 cm filled with 100 g of biogeotextile material. The results obtained show that pandanus odorifer biogeotextile material is the best biogeotextile material because it can last a long time on the soil surface, but can still be adequately mineralized, according to the results obtained, reducing the C/N ratio and C-Organic but increasing total nitrogen. Decomposition is closely related to the materials’ quality rather than external factors. The quality of the material, namely lignin, organic carbon, C/N ratio, and nitrogen, influences the decomposition process. Furthermore, this technology can be applied to improve soil productivity and to keep soil healthy
The Effect of Planting Media on Several Chemical Properties of Soil and Growth of Moringa Stem Cuttings (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
No full textThis research was conducted to determine the effect of planting media on the growth of Moringa stem cuttings and determine the best planting media for growing Moringa stem cuttings. The research was carried out in July-October 2023. Located on the Wasaka III Student Dormitory grounds, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan Province. The research was carried out using a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with four treatments and five replications to obtain 20 experimental units. The treatments given were as follows: m0 (Control): 6 kg peat soil, m1: 5 kg peat soil + 1 kg husk charcoal, m2: 5 kg peat soil + 1 kg laying hen manure, m3: 5 kg peat soil + 0.5 kg husk charcoal + 0.5 kg laying hen manure. The results showed that the planting medium had a significant effect on soil pH, shoot length, number of leaf stalks, root length and root volume of Moringa stem cuttings. However, it had no real effect on the number of shoots on Moringa stem cuttings. Based on research that has been carried out, it shows that planting media given husk charcoal and manure increases the available P content by 241.34 ppm, N-dd 1.70 me/100 g, and K-dd 1.65 me/100 g in the soil. peat and can increase the pH of peat soil from acid to neutral. The treatment also had a very significant effect on the growth of shoot length, number of leaf stalks, root length and root volume of Moringa stem cuttings. It can be suggested that the best planting medium for the growth of Moringa plants is to provide 0.5 kg of husk charcoal + 0.5 kg of laying hen manure on peat soil
Application of Rice-Husk Biochar to Coarse-Textured Ultisols and the Effects on Soil Fertility Indicators at Different Amendment-to-Sampling Intervals
No full textThe low fertility status of the highly weathered tropical soils offers the opportunity to study the potential and optimum application rate of biochar as an organic soil amendment, especially for the dominant coarse-textured Ultisols. Despite the relatively fast mineralisation of organics in these soils and the need to synchronise nutrient release crops critical stages of nutrient requirement, the time corresponding to peak effects of biochar remains unclear. The effects of rice-husk biochar (RHB) on the soil fertility of sandy-loam Ultisols at 0, 7.5, 15, 30, and 60 Mg ha-1 equivalents in 2-kg soils were assessed at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of incubation (WOI). Treatments were prepared in batches to enable concurrent sampling for all five incubation intervals. The RHB enhanced soil fertility across the incubation intervals, with optimal rates as 15 Mg ha-1 for soil pH and 30 - 60 Mg ha-1 for macronutrients availability. Relative to the its non-application, RHB increased soil pH-H2O, total N, available P, exchangeable bases, exchangeable acidity, apparent CEC and base saturation by 4-30%, 43-100%, 30-202%, 13-240%, 14-675%, 21-126% and 7-82%, respectively. Soil pH tended to decrease after, while available P progressively decreased before 8 WOI, when treatment effects were generally most pronounced. At an all-encompassing optimal rate range of 30-60 Mg ha-1, RHB could reduce soil acidity and enhance the macronutrient status of coarse-textured Ultisols over at least 12 weeks, soil fertility restoration effects of which are likely to be most pronounced around 8 weeks
Assessing the Impact of Terra Preta from Rice Husk on Soil, Rice Plant Growth, and Yield in the System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
No full textThe practice of intensive rice field cultivation and the excessive application of chemical fertilizer often lead to issues such as a gradual decline in soil quality and fertility, as well as enviromental pollution. By employing Tetadi as ameliorant technology and adopting SRI cultivation techniques, it is hoped that we can mitigate the negative effects on rice fields. This study was aimed to examine the effect of Tetadi on physical properties of paddy soil, growth, and rice yield on SRI method. The experiments were conducted in paddy fields in Pasar Ambacang, Kuranji, Padang city, and the experimental were application of Tetadi A=0 tons/ha, B=5 tons/ha, C= 10 tons/ha, D= 15 tons/ha, E= 20 tons/ha. The data were compared to the criteria of soil physical properties and plant data were statistically analysed for the variance. The results showed that the change has an insignificant impact on soil physical properties, yet decrease BD by 28.2%; increase SOM by 18.55%; TRP by 13.7%, moisture content 5.6%; permeability by 34.2%, and PAT by 20%. Application of 20 tons/ha Tetadi increased number of productive saplings 52.65% as well as the yield by 69.46% compared to the treatment without Tetadi application
The Dynamics of Soil Organic Matter Fractions in Cacao-Based Agroforestry Systems
Full text linkSoil degradation is an important problem affecting crop production, especially in cocoa agroforestry systems, where soil health is crucial for optimal results. However, the effect of land management on changes in soil organic matter (SOM) content is often not visible through measurements of total soil organic carbon (SOC) content. This study investigates the distribution of soil organic matter fractions across various land-use gradients and soil depths in cacao-based agroforestry landscapes in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected from three villages representing different parts of a watershed and subjected to density fractionation to separate light (LF), intermediate (IF), and heavy (HF) fractions. Our results indicate that remnant forests (RF) maintain higher total SOM fractions, followed by cacao-based complex and simple agroforestry (CAF, SAF), particularly in the 0-10 cm soil depth. In contrast, annual crops (CR), exhibit the lowest SOM fractions. Standing litter and decomposition rates significantly influence the LF, while HF shows minimal variation across land-use systems, suggesting long-term stability. The LF also strongly correlates with SOC content, highlighting its responsiveness to recent organic inputs. The findings underscore the importance of diverse litter inputs and tree diversity in enhancing SOM fractions and SOC content in agroforestry systems. The study concludes that complex cacao-based agroforestry systems can effectively mimic natural forest conditions, promoting soil health. These insights provide valuable knowledge for sustainable land management practices to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil quality in cacao production systems
The Effect of Trichoderma on N, P, K Soil and Corn Plants
Full text linkThe use of Trichoderma is one effort to manage healthy and environmentally friendly plants. This fertilizer is part of organic fertilizer; which farmers do not widely practice yet. This fertilizer has an impact that can increase nutrients and soil fertility. This study examined the impact of using Trichoderma in combination with NPK fertilizer on soil nutrient, nutrient uptake, and growth of corn plants. A Completely Randomized Block Design consisting nine treatments with three replicates was applied. The treatments were Control (A), standard NPK (Urea 350 kg ha-1, SP-36 200kg ha-1 and KCl 75kg ha-1) (B), ¼ NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (C), ½ NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (D), ¾ NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (E), 1 NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (F), ¾ NPK +1.25 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (G), ¾ NPK +2.5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (H), ¾ NPK + 3.75 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (I). The results showed that NPK fertilizer accompanied by Trichoderma increased soil total N by 84.21%, available P by 36.25%, and available K by 142.22%. The same treatment also increased corn plants’ N, P, and K nutrients by 52.71%, 106%, and 61.53%. The growth of maize plants from applyingTrichoderma up to 5 kg ha-1 has not reduced the use of NPK fertilizer yet. However, applying Trichoderma could improve soil fertility
Growth and Yield Dynamics of Rainfed Rice Fields by Providing Municipal Solid Waste Compost
Full text linkThe rice productivity in Panai Tengah was still relatively low, producing 4.75 Mg ha-1, compared to the national production of 5 to 6 Mg ha-1. Low rice productivity was caused by limiting factors in land use, namely, physical and biological factors, soil chemistry, and agricultural systems. Providing organic fertilizer or municipal waste compost is one way to overcome the constraints on the soil’s physical, biological, and chemical characteristics. This study aims to determine the response to the growth and yield of rainfed rice fields in Kecamatan Panai Tengah with a dose of Municipal Solid Waste Compost (MSWC). This research was conducted by taking soil samples in the rainfed rice fields and then analyzing them in the experimental field at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Labuhanbatu University. The analysis stage was for six months, from seeding to harvesting. The methodology for this study was a non-factorial randomized block design consisting of 7 treatments. The result showed that applying MSWC at a dose of 18 Mg ha-1 showed high yields. The recommendation to farmers was to give 18 Mg ha-1 of MSWC to increase the yields of their rice fields
Characterization and Classification of Soils in Landslide Residual Zones to Estimate the Presence of Shallow Slip Plane
Full text linkWhile landslide determination has traditionally relied on topography and geology, the connection between soil characteristics and landslide potential remains a relatively unexplored area. This study sets out to bridge this gap by investigating the relationship between soil properties and their classification and the likelihood of a shallow slip field triggering landslides. The research commenced with a survey of three landslide sites featuring diverse soil materials. Characterization and sampling were carried out on the residual zone left at the top of the landslide. The findings revealed that certain landslides could be identified as having potential slip planes only at a depth of 120 cm, while others could not. Two landslides in Magelang exhibited the presence of typical endopedon horizons, namely Bt (argillic). These argillic horizons serve as accumulation sites for fine and plastic clay materials. The low organic matter content also contributes to the instability and rapid dispersion of the structure. Meanwhile, the research also identified practical implications for landslide management. For instance, one of the landslides in Purworejo showed that the soil profile in the residual zone had low clay content and did not form a Bt horizon. However, the presence of shallow argillic with high clay content indicated a potential landslide risk. This finding suggests that landslides can be predicted based on soil characteristics, particularly the presence of argillic horizons. Moreover, the study identified specific soil types, such as Alfisols and Ultisols, as being prone to landslides. The Bt horizon, which can be protected by reducing erosion and runoff using silt pits, cover crops, and flow-breaking media, offers a practical solution for landslide prevention