11 research outputs found
Aproximación de las actividades biológicas del aceite esencial de Curcuma longa en función de perfiles químicos encontrados en Ecuador
No full textEl aceite esencial de Curcuma longa ha sido ampliamente utilizado en la medicina
tradicional por sus propiedades terapéuticas, atribuibles a la presencia de compuestos
bioactivos con potencial farmacológico. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una
aproximación a las posibles actividades biológicas del aceite esencial a partir de su perfil
químico, integrando técnicas experimentales y herramientas computacionales. Para ello,
se emplearon métodos cromatográficos como la cromatografía en capa fina (TLC) y la
cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC-MS), lo que permitió la
identificación de 32 compuestos presentes en la muestra. Posteriormente, se utilizó la
plataforma SIMCOMP de KEGG para predecir las posibles actividades biológicas del
aceite esencial de C. longa en base a los compuestos mayoritarios y establecer relaciones
estructurales con moléculas y fármacos conocidos. De la TLC según el análisis de
densidad RGB, se determinó la presencia de 3 bandas bien definidas: Fracción 1 (18.79%,
Rf= 0.19), Fracción 2 (51.17%, Rf= 0.56) y Fracción 3 (30.04%, Rf= 0.92). El análisis
por GC-MS permitió identificar 32 compuestos, los mayoritarios según su abundancia
relativa fueron: gamma-atlantona (38.75%), ar-turmerona (31.30%), alfa-felandreno
(8.92%), beta-sesquifelandreno (1.66%) y alfa-zingibereno (1.26%). En SIMCOMP se
establecieron las siguientes relaciones: gamma-atlantona (molécula: turmerona-0.95;
droga: limoneno-0,59), ar-turmerona (molécula: alfa-curcumeno-0.91; droga: timol0,57), alfa-felandreno (molécula: alfa-terpineno -0.92; droga: mentol-0,78), betasesquifelandreno (molécula: zingibereno-0.95; droga: peritonina-0,53) y alfa-zingibereno
(molécula: gama-curcumeno-0.95; droga: plaunotol-0,55). De esta manera la
aproximación de actividad biológica del aceite dio como resultado efecto antibacteriano,
antiinflamatorio, antioxidante, anticancerígeno y hepatoprotector. El aceite esencial de
Curcuma longa es un recurso biológico rico en sesquiterpenos con potencial biológico,
por lo cual se recomienda establecer ensayos in vitro encaminados a cuantificar las
actividades biológicas detalladas anteriormente.The essential oil of Curcuma longa has been widely used in traditional medicine due to its
therapeutic properties, which are attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds with
pharmacological potential. The objective of this study was to explore the possible biological
activities of the essential oil based on its chemical profile, integrating experimental techniques
and computational tools. To this end, chromatographic methods such as thin-layer
chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were
used, allowing the identification of 32 compounds present in the sample. Subsequently, the
SIMCOMP platform from KEGG was used to predict the potential biological activities of C.
longa essential oil based on its major compounds and to establish structural relationships with
known molecules and drugs.
From the TLC, based on RGB density analysis, three well-defined bands were identified: Fraction
1 (18.79%, Rf = 0.19), Fraction 2 (51.17%, Rf = 0.56), and Fraction 3 (30.04%, Rf = 0.92). GCMS analysis identified 32 compounds, with the most abundant being: gamma-atlantone (38.75%),
ar-turmerone (31.30%), alpha-phellandrene (8.92%), beta-sesquiphellandrene (1.66%), and
alpha-zingiberene (1.26%). Using SIMCOMP, the following structural relationships were
established: gamma-atlantone (molecule: turmerone – 0.95; drug: limonene – 0.59), ar-turmerone
(molecule: alpha-curcumene – 0.91; drug: thymol – 0.57), alpha-phellandrene (molecule: alphaterpinene – 0.92; drug: menthol – 0.78), beta-sesquiphellandrene (molecule: zingiberene – 0.95;
drug: perillartine – 0.53), and alpha-zingiberene (molecule: gamma-curcumene – 0.95; drug:
plaunotol – 0.55).
This approach to predicting the biological activity of the oil resulted in indications of antibacterial,
anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and hepatoprotective effects. The essential oil
of Curcuma longa is a biological resource rich in sesquiterpenes with biological potential;
therefore, it is recommended to carry out in vitro assays aimed at quantifying the biological
activities mentioned above
Perman?ncia na gradua??o a dist?ncia na perspectiva dos estudantes : um estudo a partir da experi?ncia do projeto Alfa Guia
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-16Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPESSchool dropout represents, at the same time, a complex and necessary issue for the quality of actions to students? permanency at higher education, taking into account this education sector's expansion and therefore eminent challenges which follows such university expansion. Course offerings in the distance education modality are considered high when compared with classroom courses and it is impacting the expected result of the academic formation, especially in regard to teacher training. Thus, to know the reasons because students abandon their studies represents the first step to qualification of the actions to students? permanency and retention. The search for indicators and tools which allow understanding what makes a student stand is a challenge. Using as theoretical background the work of Tinto (1989, 1997, 2006), Garland (1993), Kember (1995), Aretio (2002), Cabrera (2006), Castles (2004), Tello (2007) and from the author experience with Project Alfa GUIA, it was carried out a study about the quali-quantitative character to verify whether the investigation tool used by Project Alfa GUIA could be adapted to offer these indicators, since the data related to distance education available in Brazilian system is fragile. As a result of this investigation, we observed that the original tool did not contemplate all items required, especially about the influence of virtual environment, considering that it is the place where interactions and practices are consolidated. However, there are indicators showing that the structure proposed in this dissertation has potential to select the information that support to understand the student who stands? perspective. We describe some indicators and also additional issues to be explored, in order that we can measure the typical nuances of this modality, and contributing with teachers and students for courses project's building, which contemplate aspects that support to mitigate this serious problem of high social cost.O abandono estudantil configura-se num tema complexo e ao mesmo tempo imprescind?vel para a qualidade das a??es de perman?ncia dos estudantes na Educa??o Superior, tendo em vista a expans?o desse setor da educa??o e por consequ?ncia os eminentes desafios que acompanham tal expans?o universit?ria. A oferta de cursos na modalidade de Educa??o a Dist?ncia (EaD) ? considerada alta se comparada com os cursos presenciais e impacta no resultado esperado da forma??o, especialmente no que tange a forma??o de professores. Logo, conhecer os motivos pelos quais os estudantes abandonam seus estudos representa o primeiro passo para a qualifica??o das a??es de perman?ncia e reten??o de estudantes. A busca por indicadores e instrumentos que permitam compreender o que faz um estudante permanecer ? um desafio. Usando como referencial te?rico o trabalho de Tinto (1989, 1997, 2006), Garland (1993), Kember (1995), Aretio (2002), Cabrera (2006), Castles (2004), Tello (2007) e, a partir da experi?ncia da autora com o Projeto Alfa GUIA, foi realizado um estudo de car?ter quali-quantitativo para verificar se o instrumento de investiga??o utilizado pelo Projeto Alfa GUIA poderia ser adaptado para ofertar estes indicadores devido a fragilidade dos dados oficiais que est?o dispon?veis no sistema brasileiro relacionado a EaD. Como resultado desta investiga??o observamos que o instrumento original n?o contemplava todos os itens necess?rios, especialmente na quest?o da influ?ncia do ambiente virtual, considerando que ele ? o espa?o onde as intera??es e as pr?ticas se consolidam. Nesse sentido propomos um instrumento de pesquisa que abarca tais quest?es, das quais propomos indicadores para medir a perman?ncia de estudantes na Educa??o Superior, a saber: Gest?o Institucional, Pr?tica Docente, Dedica??o do Estudante e Qualidade do curso. Existem perspectivas que apontam que a estrutura proposta nesta tese possui potencial para captar as informa??es que auxiliam a entender o ponto de vista do estudante que permanece, contribuindo com, gestores, docentes e estudantes para constru??o de projetos de cursos que contemplem aspectos que auxiliem a mitigar este grave problema de alto custo social que ? o abandono na Educa??o Superior
Transition between locomotion types of an articulated quadruped robot
No full textThe present work is an investigation of the transitions between types of locomotion using central pattern generators in quadruped robots with three joints per leg. Also, central pattern generators are created with systems of first-order differential equations (recurrent neural networks) of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 neurons. The central generators of patterns or recurrent neural networks are conformed with specific criteria. These recurring neural networks are related to the movements of the robot. Besides, an approach is made to the biomechanics of the dog.El presente trabajo es una investigación sobre las transiciones entre tipos de locomoción empleando generadores centrales de patrones en robots cuadrúpedos con tres articulaciones por pata. Además, se crean generadores centrales de patrones con sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden (redes neuronales recurrentes) de 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 neuronas. Los generadores centrales de patrones o redes neuronales recurrentes son conformados con criterios específicos. Estas redes neuronales recurrentes se relacionan con los movimientos del robot. También se hace una aproximación a la biomecánica del perro.Línea de Investigación: Inteligencia ArtificialDoctorad
The virtual image : Brazilian literature in English translation
No full textThe
aim of this thesis is to
examine
how the virtual
image
of Brazil
and
its literature is
constructed
in the Anglo-American world. To this
end, a survey of
Brazilian literary
works
in English translation was
carried out.
Having
gathered this data, it became
possible to establish
correlations
between the historical
moments when such translations
were made, when their number
increased,
and the events occurring at
those times in the international
panorama, as well as to look into the
role of sponsors, publishers and translators in the
selection and
production of such translations.
The data
also allowed a profile of
Brazilian literary
works
in
English translation to be drawn. It became
possible to suggest that
such works
fall into four
main categories:
`authorial
works',
'topical
works',
`ambassadorial
works'
and `consumer-oriented
works'.
In
order
to look
more closely
into how the translation process
has helped to
shape
the
virtual
image
of Brazilian literary
works
in
the Anglo-American world, an analysis of a sample of
translations
of
such works was made. Included in this
sample were
the translations
of works
by Machado de Asis, by Indianist
and
Regionalist
wirters,
culminating
in
an examination of translations of
GuimarAes Rosa's
works.
Having looked
at these aspects of
the translation
process, what
remained
to be done
was to investigate
to what extent
Brazilian
literary
works
in English translation
are read
by the English-
speaking public.
To this
end, a survey of availability and
library
readership was undertaken. Finally,
a reading experiment was carried
out
in
which native speakers of
English
were asked to read the short
story
'A terceira
margem
do
rio',
by GuimarAes Rosa.
The
conclusion attempts to pull all these threads together and
to indicate directions for further
research
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN TOKO ONLINE PADA PENGEPUL KERAJINAN ANYAMAN BAMBU DESA SIDOMULYO
No full textKuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) yang dilaksanakan di Desa sidomulyo, Kecamatan Sekampung, yang bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan Pembuatan Toko Online kepada pengrajin anyaman bambu desa sidomulyo. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu pengepul kerajinan di Desa Sidomulyo dalam membuat dan mengelola toko online. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode pelatihan dan pemdampingan oleh tim yang dilakukan melalui praktik dan simulasi. Yang dilakukan di balai desa sidomulyo pada tanggal 13 februari 2024. dengan harapan luaran pengrajin dan pengepul dapat membuat toko onlinenya sendiri, mempromosikan produknya serta dapat mengunggah produk di platfrom toko online. pendampingan pembuatan toko online ini menunjukan hasil yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan para peserta khususnya pengepul kerajinan dan pengrajin
¿PREVALENCIA DEL DERECHO PROCESAL SOBRE EL SUSTANCIAL?: La responsabilidad del operador judicial
No full text In Procedural Law sense stands out as a branch of adjective law and a sector of the defense of substantive law, which are indeed advocated the preventive instruments, the repair mechanisms or guarantee and the constitutionalization of the Law within the increasing judicialization. In this line, the author conducts a basic legal investigation in this specific discipline, seeking to determine the imperative need for its interpretation, application and alignment in the Rule of Law, against the framework of disciplinary and criminal responsibility, either by prevaricate or material detriment by service failure, facilitating tools in the work of the judges for an effective access to the administration of justice.El Derecho Procesal sobresale como una rama del derecho adjetivo y un sector de la materialización del derecho sustantivo, del cual son preconizados los instrumentos de carácter preventivo, los mecanismos de garantía y, la constitucionalización del Derecho dentro de la creciente judicialización. En esa línea, se realiza una investigación básica jurídica en esta específica disciplina pretendiendo determinar la imperiosa necesidad de su interpretación, aplicación y armonización en el Estado de Derecho, frente al marco de la responsabilidad disciplinaria y penal, bien por vía de hecho o incumplimiento de deberes, ora por prevaricato o detrimento material por falla en el servicio, facilitando herramientas en la labor de los jueces para materializar eficazmente el acceso a la administración de justicia
Stigma and HIV in Health Professionals, Focus of an Educational Model Aimed at Reducing Stigma
No full textEl Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) tiene una connotación muy importante desde el punto de vista en salud pública, desde inicio de la Epidemia se han registrado 42,3 millones de muertes relacionadas a VIH y para finales del 2023 se reportaron 39.9 millones de personas que viven con VIH (ONUSIDA, 2024), población que ha sido fuertemente estigmatizada desde los primeros casos reportados en 1981, lo que ha dificultado históricamente el abordaje de esta población. El estigma hacia los pacientes que viven con VIH, viene desde diferentes sectores y parte de este, emana desde los profesionales de la salud, lo que limita el acceso a los servicios de salud, diagnósticos tempranos y tratamientos oportunos. Estas conductas estigmatizantes están estrechamente relacionadas al desconocimiento de la fisiopatología, los mecanismos de transmisión y el abordaje del estigma en el personal sanitario. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue la implementación de una estrategia educativa con el fin de reducir el estigma en los profesionales de la salud.
Para la ejecución del proyecto se realiza un estudio de metodología mixta, compuesto por dos fases; en su primera fase se realizó la validación de contenido de un instrumento, utilizando la técnica de “acuerdo entre jueces”, donde se reportó un índice de validez de contenido (IVC) definido por Lawshe (1975) y ajustado por (Tristán, 2008) mayor de 0.58, lo que demuestra certeza en su validez, seguidamente se realiza validación de constructo, mediante un pilotaje aplicando el instrumento a 34 profesionales de la salud de un centro hospitalario de alta complejidad, donde se obtuvo un Coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach inferior a 0.35 lo que infiere baja confiabilidad, posiblemente relacionado a la cantidad de preguntas incluidas. En su análisis descriptivo se continúa evidenciando conductas estigmatizante. Sin embargo, con menor frecuencia comparadas con la literatura. La segunda fase del estudios consiste en implementar la estrategia educativa con el propósito de reducir el estigma asociado al VIH.Especialista en Docencia UniversitariaEspecializaciónThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has a very important connotation from a public health point of view. Since the beginning of the epidemic, 42.3 million HIV-related deaths have been registered and by the end of 2023, 39.9 million people living with HIV were reported (UNAIDS, 2024), a population that has been strongly stigmatized since the first cases were reported in 1981, which has historically hindered the approach to this population. Stigma towards patients living with HIV comes from different sectors and part of it emanates from health professionals, which limits access to health services, early diagnosis and timely treatment. These stigmatizing behaviors are closely related to the lack of knowledge of the pathophysiology, transmission mechanisms and the approach to stigma among health personnel. The main objective of this study was the implementation of an educational strategy to reduce stigma among health professionals.
For the execution of the project, a mixed methodology study was carried out, consisting of two phases; in the first phase, the content validation of an instrument was carried out, using the technique of “agreement between judges”, where a content validity index (CVI) defined by Lawshe (1975) and adjusted by (Tristán, 2008) was reported to be greater than 0. 58, which demonstrates certainty in its validity, followed by construct validation, through a pilot test applying the instrument to 34 health professionals from a high complexity hospital center, where a Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient lower than 0.35 was obtained, which infers low reliability, possibly related to the number of questions included. In its descriptive analysis, stigmatizing behaviors continue to be evidenced. However, with less frequency compared to the literature. The second phase of the study consists of implementing the educational strategy with the purpose of reducing the stigma associated with HIV
O uso das medidas provisórias no estado democrático de direito brasileiro
No full textTese [doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito.Análise crítica do uso abusivo das medidas provisórias pelo Poder Executivo brasileiro desde 1988 até o advento da Emenda Constitucional Nº 32/2001, com as conseqüências que isso acarretou ao Estado Democrático de Direito tal qual como configurado pela Constituição Federal de 1988, pela violação de vários princípios constitucionais conformadores deste tipo de Estado. Demonstração das inconstitucionalidades praticadas em colaboração pelos poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário, pautando-se pela apresentação de exemplos. Apreciação da regulamentação do uso das medidas provisórias feita pela EC 32/01, ressaltando as ainda excessivas possibilidades de lesão do Estado Constitucional e Democrático de Direito Brasileiro por essa espécie normativa
Patrones de diversidad en el norte de los Andes y diversidad funcional de aves en los espacios verdes urbanos en Medellín-Colombia
No full textLa urbanización en las ciudades del norte de los Andes ha direccionado procesos de transformación de paisaje y pérdida de biodiversidad local. El primer capítulo evalúa patrones de diversidad taxonómica de aves en las cuatro ciudades más grandes del norte de los Andes (Bogotá, Medellín y Cali en Colombia, y Quito en Ecuador), basada en información de 70 Espacios Verdes Urbanos (EVU) y 4 sitios suburbanos obtenida de 13 referencias bibliograficas. La composición de las comunidades de aves fue más similar entre las zonas urbanas de las ciudades que entre cada ciudad y su correspondiente sitio de referencia suburbano, lo que sugiere un proceso de homogenización biótica. La riqueza de aves mostró diferentes patrones de acuerdo al tipo de cobertura: en Quito la riqueza de aves estuvo mejor explicada por el área de los árboles en buffers de 1000m alrededor de los centroides de los (R2= 0,50, Raj=0,43) mientras que, en Bogotá, por el área construida en buffers de 1000m (R2= 0.43, Raj = 0.34), y en Medellín por zona de pastos arbustivos en buffers de 200m (R2= 0.63, Raj=0.58). El segundo capítulo analiza el efecto de las variables estructurales, vegetales y de paisaje en la diversidad funcional de aves en 44 EVU en Medellín, a través de dos enfoques: el índice de integridad (IBI) y los componentes de diversidad funcional: riqueza funcional (FRic), uniformidad funcional (FEve), divergencia funcional (FDiv) y especialización funcional (FSpe). El IBI reflejó la integridad del hábitat. FRic y FSpe se correlacionaron positivamente con la riqueza de aves y la integridad del hábitat, mientras Feve se correlacionó negativamente con la riqueza de aves y la integridad del hábitat, y FDiv no mostró relación. Los dos enfoques permiten una mejor comprensión de la diversidad funcional.Urbanization in northern Andes cities has contributed lead to landscape transformation and the detrimentloss of local biodiversity. The first chapter evaluated taxonomic bird diversity patterns across the four largest cities of Northern Andes (Bogotá, Medellín, and Cali in Colombia, and Quito in Ecuador), based on information of 70 UGS and four suburban sites obtained from 13 references. Bird community assemblage composition among cities (beta diversity) showed higher similarity than bird assemblages of each town with its periurban reference site, suggesting a process of biotic homogenization due to urbanization sprawl. Bird richness (alfa diversity) showed different patterns within cities according to land cover characteristics: in Quito, bird richness was better explained by tree area in 1000m buffers around the UGS centroids (R2= 0.50, Raj = 0.43), whereas, in Bogotá, by the built area in 1000m buffers (R2= 0.43, Raj = 0.34), and in Medellín by shrubby grassland area in 200m buffers (R2= 0.63, Raj = 0.58). The second chapter analysed the effects of structural variables, vegetation characteristics and landscape variables of UGS on bird functional diversity in 44 UGS located in Medellín-Colombia, using two approaches: the bird-based integrity index (IBI) and the following functional diversity components: functional richness (FRic), functional evenness (FEve), functional divergence (FDiv), and functional specialization (FSpe). The IBI was able to reflect habitat integrity. FRic and FSpe correlated positively with bird richness and habitat integrity, whereas FEve correlated negatively with bird richness and habitat integrity, and FDiv showed no relation. The two approaches allowed a better understanding of functional diversity.Maestrí
Depression: Can we predict who will relapse?
No full textThis thesis addresses risk factors and proposed mechanisms to explain relapse to depression. Volume 1 comprises three parts: Part 1 is a literature review consisting of meta-reviews of systematic and non-systematic reviews of studies reporting on risk factors for relapse to depression, and a systematic-review of neuroimaging and experimental studies investigating risk factors for relapse and potential mechanisms of action of these risk factors. The reviews found that only residual symptoms of depression at the end of treatment and childhood maltreatment were sufficiently evidenced as predictors of relapse and neither have great clinical utility. A number of psychological and neuropsychological factors were suggested to play a role in conferring risk for relapse. Considering the inter-relationships between these factors the reviews were used to propose a conceptual framework which may be used to help guide future research into relapse to depression in adults. Part 2 is an empirical paper in which data were analysed from service users of a primary care mental health service to identify risk factors for relapse and for the presence of residual symptoms, and survival analysis methods were used to determine when relapses occur most often and what factors impact survival. In addition, a prospective cohort study was formed to investigate the relationship between cognitive control and depressive symptoms. The findings confirmed that cognitive control can be used to predict residual symptoms of depression post-treatment and therefore potentially to predict relapse. Part 3 is a critical appraisal focussing on the theoretical reasons as to why studying relapse in a manner as used in the prospective study is so important and discusses the logistical difficulties conducting such research in the current context of NHS services and of the D.Clin.Psy research project. Methodological decisions made that impacted upon the research process are discussed and reflective conclusions are offered
