4,166 research outputs found
The world's first malaria vaccine – promising clinical results
Get PDFDudek Iga, Czarnota Jakub, Hajduga Danuta, Dobrzyński Michał, Marzęda Magdalena. The world's first malaria vaccine – promising clinical results. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(8):912-919. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3408433
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/7452
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© The Authors 2019;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 05.07.2019. Revised: 25.07.2019. Accepted: 14.09.2019.
The world's first malaria vaccine – promising clinical results
Iga Dudek, Jakub Czarnota, Danuta Hajduga, Michał Dobrzyński, Magdalena Marzęda
Student Research Circle at the Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research
Methodology, Medical University of Lublin
Supervisor: dr n. med. Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna
Corresponding author: Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID ID:
Iga Dudek: orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-074X; [email protected]
Jakub Czarnota: orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-0349; [email protected]
Danuta Hajduga: orcid.org/0000-0002-7018-340X; [email protected]
Michał Dobrzyński: orcid.org/0000-0002-1416-6568; [email protected]
Magdalena Marzęda: orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-5214; [email protected]
Abstract
Work on the malaria vaccine has been going on since the early 20st century. The RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix) vaccine is the first and only in the world that has shown action against Plasmodium falciparum, a germ that contributes to the highest number of deaths from malaria. After passing the three phases of clinical tests positively, the fourth phase was launched in 2019 - the MVIP program (The Malaria Vaccine Implementation Program). It covers three African countries: Kenya, Ghana and Modawi. Around 360,000 children are expected to receive the vaccine from these countries annually. The third phase of Mosquirix vaccine testing lasted five years (2009-2014) and was based on the extraction of 15 459 children and infants from seven African countries, followed by the administration of four doses of each medicine. In four years, among children aged 5-17 months who received 4 doses of Mosquirix, 4 out of 10 (39%) managed to prevent the development of malaria. The number of hospitalizations for malaria and severe anemia, which is one of the consequences of this disease, has also decreased significantly. In the fourth phase of the study, the role of the vaccine in reducing the number of deaths in children and its safety will be assessed in the context of routine, global use. Data from the MVIP program will include WHO recommendations on the wider use of the vaccine.
Keywords: malaria, the MVIP programme, vaccin
Postpamięciowy dyskurs w literaturze dla dzieci i młodzieży. Małgorzata Wójcik-Dudek. “W(y)czytać Zagładę. Praktyki postpamięci w polskiej literaturze XXI wieku dla dzieci i młodzieży”. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Katowice 2016, ss. 332
Get PDFRecenzja książki Małgorzaty Wójcik-Dudek, “W(y)czytać Zagładę. Praktyki postpamięci w
polskiej literaturze XXI wieku dla dzieci i młodzieży”. Wydawnictwo
Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Katowice 2016
Technical and economic analysis of a car park for electric cars with a charging station powered from solar panels
No full textpraca inżyniersk
Fluorescence-Based Blood Coagulation Assay Device for Measuring Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
Get PDFThe measurement of blood clotting time is important in a range of clinical applications such as assessing coagulation disorders and controlling the effect of various anticoagulant drug therapies. Clotting time tests essentially measure the onset of clot formation which results from the formation of fibrin fibers in the blood sample. However, such assays are inherently imprecise due to the highly variable nature of the clot formation process and the sample matrix. This work describes a clotting time measurement assay which uses a fluorescent probe to very precisely detect the onset of fibrin clot formation. It uses a microstructured surface which enhances the formation of multiple localized clot loci and which results in the abrupt redistribution of the fluorescent label at the onset of clot formation in both whole blood and plasma. This methodology was applied to the development of an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test in a lateral flow microfluidic platform and used to monitor the effect of heparin dosage where it showed linearity from 0 to 2 U/mL in spiked plasma samples (R-2=0.996, n = 3), correlation against gold standard coagulometry of 0.9986, and correlation against standard hospital aPTT in 32 patient samples of 0.78.Original Publication: Magdalena M Dudek, Nigel Kent, Kerstin Gustafsson, Tomas Lindahl and Anthony J Killard, Fluorescence-Based Blood Coagulation Assay Device for Measuring Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, 2011, ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, (83), 1, 319-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac102436v Copyright: ACS American Chemical Society http://pubs.acs.org
Collective Improvisation: The Practice and Vision of Ingemar Lindh
Get PDFIngemar Lindh's research on the principles of collective improvisation and performance conceived as process announce an important development in the 20th-century tradition of the actor's work. After early studies with Étienne Decroux and working collaborations with Jerzy Grotowski, Eugenio Barba, and Yves Lebreton, Lindh founded the first laboratory theatre in Sweden in 1971, the Institutet för Scenkonst. His practice of collective improvisation is viewed in light of postdramatic concerns such as its resistance to fixed scores, directorial montage, and choreography as an organizing principle
Zn(II) and Cu(II) binding sites of Calcitermin, an antimicrobial peptide found in human airways
No full textAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are evolutionarily conserved molecules with antimicrobial
and/or immunomodulatory properties. Almost all antimicrobial peptides are cationic and
amphipathic. AMPs are widely distributed in many tissues and cells and are potentially present
in any species of invertebrate, plant and animal. They act as mediators of innate host defense,
being able to target Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi and some
enveloped viruses. Therefore, they represent a fertile ground for the design of novel therapeutics
for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant infections and severe sepsis.[1] Mediators of innate host
defense are also found in mucosal secretions of the respiratory tract and include substances, like
antimicrobial proteins and (poly)peptides, that can sequester metal nutrients, such as Zn(II),
Cu(II), Ni(II), Ca(II), etc.[2-3]
Among several uncharacterized molecules that contribute to the overall antimicrobial
activity of human nasal fluid, a 15-residue antimicrobial peptide named Calcitermin has been
identified.[4] Its sequence (VAIALKAAHYHTHKE) exactly corresponds to the C-terminal
domain of Calgranulin C, a calcium-binding pro-inflammatory protein of the S100 family.
Several studies have reported that cleavage fragments of parent proteins have potent
antimicrobial activity (e.g. buforin I,[5] lactoferricin,[6] KDAMP,[7] vasostatin-1[8]).
While Calcitermin does not express, in vitro, any antimicrobial activity in phosphate
buffer at pH 7.4, under more acidic conditions (pH 5.4) – which are quite common in
inflammatory fluids – it was active against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. Furthermore,
it was demonstrated that the presence of micromolar concentrations of Zn(II) enhances its
antimicrobial activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes.[4]
Calcitermin contains a putative metal-binding domain with three alternated histidine
residues (His9, His11 and His13) and the free terminal amino group. In addition, it has the
potential to adopt a helical conformation in membranes. The above results prompted us to
deeply investigate the complex-formation equilibria of Calcitermin with Zn(II) and Cu(II), two
endogenic and competing metal ions.
The unprotected peptide VAIALKAAHYHTHKE has been considered, along with its
three mutants, in which each His residue is replaced with one alanine (VAIALKAAAYHTHKE,
VAIALKAAHYATHKE, VAIALKAAHYHTAKE). The characterization of the complexes has
been achieved by means of mass spectrometry, potentiometry, UV-Vis spectrophotometry,
circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Biological tests were also
performed.
The comparison among the behaviors of the different analogues helps to shed light on the
role played by each His residue in metal coordination geometry and complex stability also in
the view of its antimicrobial activity. The preliminary results show that all the investigated
peptides are efficient ligands for the considered metal ions and are able to form mono-nuclear
complexes where the histidine residues are by far the first metal anchor (Fig.1).
References:
[1] R. E. W. Hancock, H.-G. Sahl, Nat. Biotechnol. 2006, 24, 1551.
[2] K. A. Brogden, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2005, 3, 238.
[3] T. Ganz, Integr. Comp. Biol. 2003, 43, 300-304.
[4] A. M. Cole, Y.-H. Kim, S. Tahk, T. Hong, P. Weis, A. J. Waring, T. Ganz, FEBS Lett. 2001, 504, 5-10.
[5] I. Minn, H. S. Kim, S. C. Kim, Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease 1998, 1407, 31-39.
[6] K. Yamauchi, M. Tomita, T. J. Giehl, R. T. Ellison, 3rd, Infect. Immun. 1993, 61, 719-728.
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[8] K. Lugardon, R. Raffner, Y. Goumon, A. Corti, A. Delmas, P. Bulet, D. Aunis, M. H. Metz-Boutigue, J.
Biol. Chem. 2000, 275, 10745-10753
From electrophilic to stereospecific SN2 alpha-functionalization reactions of acyclic carboxylic acid derivatives
No full textAuthor Magdalena Piringer, BScMasterarbeit Universität Linz 202
Conversion and Artistic Creation of Magdalena V.
No full textThis Bachelor thesis Conversion and Artistic Creation of Magdalena V. deals with the change of artistic expression of the Czech graphic artist Magdalena V., in a close connection to her religious conversion to the Catholic faith. The first part summarizes the theoretical knowledge of the psychology of religion. It introduces basic definitions and concepts of religion in relation to a religious conversion. In the second part, the author deals with the psychological analysis of Magdalena V.'s typical work through her life, which is supported by numerous photographs. Using the approach of rožnovská school, the author attempts to interpret this artwork on a hypothetical level, focusing on the M.V.'s life and artistic paralel before and after her conversion. The author draws on Magdalena V.'s testimonies about her life which bring light on the intention and context in her art. Related to the author's identification with Magdalena V.'s work, which later became apparent, this paper evolved further into identifying these moments and thus the potential risks inherent in author's own therapeutic work
From electrophilic to stereospecific SN2 alpha-functionalization reactions of acyclic carboxylic acid derivatives
No full textAuthor Magdalena Piringer, BScMasterarbeit Universität Linz 202
The Development of Sculpture in the Quito School
No full textMagdalena Gallegos de Donoso, Ecuadorian anthropologist and art historian, author of over fifty exhibition catalogues, Director of the Central Bank of Ecuador Museums
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