42 research outputs found
A realist case study inquiry of English primary school physical activity initiatives
No full textConcern that children are not engaging in enough physical activity (PA) to bring about health benefits is a crisis globally. This paper aims to examine primary school-based PA initiatives from within an English context. A qualitative inquiry was adopted and underpinned by the socio-ecological model. The study was presented through a realist case study of three selected primary schools to reveal a collection of context-mechanism-outcome statements across five levels of the socio-ecological model (individual, interpersonal, institutional, community and policy). The findings highlighted a multi-layered interaction of PA within the school setting as well as the school’s own relationships with external influences. Three key components emerged from the research findings; these included the (1) teacher’s unintentional facilitation of simple PA in classroom settings, (2) innovative uses of community networks as an additional resource to schools and (3) the uncovering of a complexity of external influences from home, community and policies on school-based initiatives.</p
A mixed studies systematic review and meta-analysis of school–based interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in children
No full textPurposeThe aim of this mixed-studies systematic review was to ascertain the effectiveness of school-based interventions at increasing physical activity (PA) and/or reducing sedentary time (ST) in children aged 5 to 11 years, as well as to explore effectiveness in relation to categories of the theory of expanded, extended and enhanced opportunity (TEO).MethodsAdhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 5 databases were searched using pre-defined search terms. Following title and abstract screening of 1115 records, the removal of duplicates (n = 584) and articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria agreed to a priori (n = 419) resulted in 112 records that were full-text screened. Two independent reviewers subsequently used the mixed-methods appraisal tool to assess the methodological quality of 57 full-text studies that met the inclusion criteria after full-text screening. The interventions were summarised using the TIDierR checklist and TEO. The strength of evidence was determined using a five-level rating system utilising a published decision tree.ResultsOverall evidence ratings for interventions implemented within school settings were no evidence on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and inconclusive evidence on sedentary time. In relation to the TEO, expansion of PA appeared to be the most promising intervention type for MVPA, with moderate evidence of effect, whereas extension and enhancement of PA opportunity demonstrated no evidence of effect. A critical issue of possible compensatory behavior was identified by analysis of intervention effect in relation to PA measurement duration; when studies measured changes in PA during the actual intervention there was moderate evidence of effect, whereas those that measured changes in PA during the school day presented inconclusive evidence of effect and those that measured changes in PA over a whole day yielded no evidence of effect. Two meta-analysis of those studies using a whole-day accelerometer measure for MVPA or ST showed a significant but moderate effect for MVPA (effect size (ES) = 0.51; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.02–0.99) and a large but non-significant effect for ST 1.15 (95%CI: –1.03 to 3.33); both meta-analysis demonstrated low precision, considerable inconsistency, and high heterogeneity.ConclusionThe findings have important implications for future intervention research in terms of intervention design, implementation, and evaluation
Depuis la table à dessin : transmettre la science du côté des auteurs
No full textFace au développement de l’offre de BD de vulgarisation scientifique, l’article propose d’aller à la rencontre des auteurs de ce nouveau créneau, de leurs perceptions des évolutions dans ce domaine de recherche-création, et de distinguer différents profils d’auteur.e.s francophones. À partir d’analyse de collections et titres spécifiques et d’entretiens semi-directifs avec plusieurs auteurs et autrices (Pochep, Héloïse Chochois, Martin PM, Emanuelle Dufour et Pierre Nocerino), l’article observe en détail trois profils: les vulgarisateurs ponctuels, les auteurs-médiateurs et les auteurs-chercheurs. Une fois ces profils décrits, une dernière partie regroupe des retours sur la collaboration avec les scientifiques, montrant des manières de travailler et des limites somme toute assez similaires, avec notamment un paradoxal impensé sur l’évaluation scientifique du dessin et de la narration graphique, aujourd’hui quasiment absente dans les retours des travaux de chercheurs adaptés en BD.Faced with the development of popular science comics, this article proposes to meet the authors of this new niche, their perceptions of these developments, and to distinguish different profiles of francophone authors. Based on an analysis of specific collections and titles and semi-directive interviews with several authors (Pochep, Héloïse Chochois, Martin PM, Emanuelle Dufour and Pierre Nocerino), the article looks in detail at three profiles: one-time popularizers, author-mediators and author-researchers. Once these profiles are described, a last part gathers feedbacks on the collaboration with scientists, showing similar ways of working and limits, with notably a paradoxical unthought on the scientific
evaluation of the drawing and the graphic narration, nowadays almost absent in the feedbacks of the researchers' works adapted in comics
Quatuor Bozzini : de l’audace underground et upperground
No full textCet article est écrit en deux temps. Retournant au moment de l’émergence du Quatuor Bozzini au début des années 2000, il retrace certaines des propositions esthétiques de l’ensemble, et analyse la manière dont elles ont participé à une certaine redéfinition du mandat d’un ensemble de musique contemporaine, ainsi qu’à une nouvelle compréhension de la collaboration. L’article se tourne ensuite vers les témoignages de six collaborateur.ice.s du Quatuor, soit Éliane Radigue, Phill Niblock, Marc Boivin, Nicole Lizée, Simon Martin et James O’Callaghan. Ces six artistes soulignent, presque d’un commun effort, dirait-on, le sérieux et l’immense sensibilité avec lesquels le Quatuor Bozzini traverse les différentes sphères créatrices proposées par leurs collaborateurs, ou encore initiées de leur propre chef.The aims of this article are twofold. Looking back to Quatuor Bozzini’s emergence in the early 2000s, the author traces some of the ensemble’s aesthetic propositions, and analyzes how they participated in redefining what is now understood as the mandate of a contemporary-music oriented ensemble, as well as their approaches to collaboration. The article then turns to six of Quatuor Bozzini’s collaborators: Éliane Radigue, Phill Niblock, Marc Boivin, Nicole Lizée, Simon Martin and James O’Callaghan. Almost as one, the six artists speak of the immense sensitivity with which Quatuor Bozzini dedicates itself to each of their collaborative projects
Of Technology and Lost Connections:A Decolonial Approach to As Telefones by Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida as a Hypercontemporary Novel
No full textThis chapter explores the decolonial potential of Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida’s sixth book, As Telefones (2020), which read as a hypercontemporary novel whose interpretative possibilities go beyond established approaches to the work of the author, presents the book in the broader framework of semi-peripheral European fiction. Drawing attention to the ways in which the narrative portrays cosmopolitanism in the age of migration, it focuses on the book’s decolonial critique of the entanglement of technology and capitalism in its longue durée, registered in the fractures of contemporary intersubjective relations
Of Technology and Lost Connections:A Decolonial Approach to As Telefones by Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida as a Hypercontemporary Novel
No full textThis chapter explores the decolonial potential of Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida’s sixth book, As Telefones (2020), which read as a hypercontemporary novel whose interpretative possibilities go beyond established approaches to the work of the author, presents the book in the broader framework of semi-peripheral European fiction. Drawing attention to the ways in which the narrative portrays cosmopolitanism in the age of migration, it focuses on the book’s decolonial critique of the entanglement of technology and capitalism in its longue durée, registered in the fractures of contemporary intersubjective relations
A HISTÓRIA NA BIOGRAFIA: estudo sobre a metodologia e estilo das fontes utilizadas por Plutarco na Vida de Demóstenes
No full textThis work unveils historiographical elements in Plutarch's Life of Demosthenes by exploring the references used by the author. At first, a certain similarity can be noted between this biography and a narrative form described in the Rhetoric, by Aristotle (1416b21), for whom tékhnÄ“ is produced in oral speech, not in historiographical accounts. Yet, when references are both oral and written, Plutarch favors the latter, while, when they are only oral, he may develop criticisms or show preferences. In Life of Alexander, another biography by Plutarch, the author sometimes prefers letters written by Alexander himself over other historians' reports. Analyzing these biographies reveals that Plutarch is quite careful when he exposes such accounts. Although both texts look alike when it comes to narrative, Plutarch's position to use the biographee's letters in Life of Alexander is nowhere to be found in Life of Demosthenes.Este trabalho objetiva mostrar elementos historiográficos na Vida de Demóstenes, de Plutarco, analisando as referências utilizadas pelo autor. Primeiramente, verifica-se certa semelhança na escrita dessa biografia com uma forma narrativa descrita na Retórica, de Aristóteles (1416b21), pois nos relatos historiográficos não é produzida tékhne, enquanto nos da oralidade, é produzida. Ao observar esses relatos, verifica-se que, quando há referências provenientes da oralidade e da escrita juntas, Plutarco prefere esta àquela; quando há somente relatos orais, ele pode desenvolver críticas ou demonstrar preferências. Ao analisar a Vida de Alexandre, outra biografia de Plutarco, o autor pode posicionar-se contra relatos provenientes de historiadores, preferindo as cartas do próprio Alexandre. Após a análise dos relatos das biografias, verifica-se que Plutarco demonstra cuidado ao expô-los. Ambos os textos se assemelham em relação à narrativa, mas o posicionamento de Plutarco na biografia de Alexandre, utilizando as cartas do biografado não ocorreu na Vida de Demóstenes
Postcards From Tahiti: Images Of The Other From William Hodges To Pierre Loti And Paul Gauguin
No full textThis dissertation considers the making of the Tahitian other through verbal and pictorial images. My interdisciplinary analysis is grounded in the productive use of concepts such as framing and mise-en-scène. Taking as an example accounts of the first landing in Tahiti, I argue that, after the end of the eighteenth century, the status of images in travel relations changes: from allegorical or ornamental to realist or truthful. This change is concomitant with a turn within cultural anthropology, which displaces the other from absolute stranger to merely different, ultimately giving birth to the figure of the métèque (foreigner). Following this insight, I formulate an aesthetic theory for Loti and Gauguin, that envisions them as making verbal and pictorial images eroticizing, depersonalizing, and marginalizing, as had already been observed about colonial postcards of Algeria by Malek Alloula in his Harem Colonial. Informed both by key anthropological and sociological texts (Goffman, Lévy-Bruhl) and the technical-historical context (the emergence of photographs and postcards), I closely analyze the works of Loti and Gauguin in order to demonstrate that what is at stake in their use of words and images actually goes beyond the literary or artistic frame, as each author develops different strategies to cope with the replacement of the Other by the different. Loti's obsession with self-portraits and his re-creation of a colonial empire in his Rochefort house, and Gauguin's repeated motifs from Brittany to Polynesia, I suggest, are just so many responses to loss
La sagesse mise à l’épreuve. La visite de la reine de Saba dans le cycle de Salomon (1 Rois 2-11): une comparaison entre le Texte Massorétique et la Septante
No full textInternational audienceThe pericope of the Queen of Sheba travelling to Jerusalem to test Solomon with riddles (1 Kgs 10:1-13) is the gateway to this study. This leads to a re-evaluation of the narrative progression of the macro-narrative on Solomon in 1 Kings 2–11, its theological scope, and the reformulation of its redactional history, particularly the pericopes evoking the wisdom of the king (1 Kings 3:1–28; 5:9–14; 10:1–13, 23–25).The author takes part in the ever-lively debate of the textual criticism of the Book of Kings. The variants between the MT and the LXX in pericope 10:1-13 and in the arrangement of 1 Kings 2-11 as a whole suggest that the Proto-Masoretic text constitutes a new edition of the LXX's Vorlage. The relationship of women to the Temple and to YHWH is viewed so differently in the two versions that this aspect could be one of the reasons that led to the production of a new edition.Ultimately, this study focuses on the history of the text (textual criticism) of 1 Kgs 2:11, the literary construction of this whole and the theological issues raised in the two textual versions, as well as the dating of the main redactional interventions.La péricope de la reine de Saba se rendant à Jérusalem pour éprouver Salomon par des énigmes (1 R 10,1‑13) constitue la porte d’entrée de cette étude. Celle-ci conduit à une réévaluation de la progression narrative du macro-récit sur Salomon en 1 R 2‑11, à sa portée théologique, ainsi qu’à la reformulation de son histoire rédactionnelle, notamment des péricopes évoquant la sagesse du roi (1 R 3,1-28 ; 5,9‑14 ; 10,1‑13.23‑25).L’auteur prend part au débat toujours vif de la critique textuelle du livre des Rois. Les variantes entre le TM et la LXX au niveau de la péricope 10,1‑13 et au niveau de l’agencement de l’ensemble 1 R 2‑11 suggèrent que le texte proto-massorétique constitue une nouvelle édition de la Vorlage de la LXX. Le rapport des femmes au Temple et à YHWH est envisagé si différemment dans les deux versions que cet aspect pourrait constituer une des raisons qui a conduit à produire une nouvelle édition.En définitive, cette étude est axée sur l’histoire du texte (critique textuelle) de 1 R 2‑11, la construction littéraire de cet ensemble et les enjeux théologiques soulevés dans les deux versions textuelles, ainsi que la datation des principales interventions rédactionnelles
