1,720,962 research outputs found
Une étude empirique des connaissances implicites et explicites des universitaires ivoiriens et français sur la sémantique de deuxième et second
Get PDFThis study investigates the implicit and explicit intuitions in 98 native university students of Côte d’Ivoire and France, concerning the semantics of deuxième and second. Our purpose is to observe whether all French-speakers optionally apply deuxième and second or they choose between the two adjectives on the basis of a specific criterion. The results provided by the quali-quantitative method reveal that the principle of optionality is not acceptable to all participants since, within each linguistic community, there seem to be some sub-communities who claim to adopt other rules. From a methodological perspective, this study emphasizes the advantages to take into account the introspective observation along with the empirical analysis in the study of rules underlying linguistic usages.
Pour une approche herméneutique de la liaison: les discours épilinguistiques et métalinguistiques des étudiants universitaires parisiens
No full textThe study tested the epilinguistic and metalinguistic awareness of French liaison by university students who were native speakers of French (N=18). The task consisted in listening to an oral passage that included deviant realizations of liaisons and other phonological phenomena, spot- ting the anomalies and commenting on them freely with the interviewer. A first aim was to investi- gate whether speakers’ epilinguistic awareness of liaison was affected by the classification of liaison contexts as obligatory, optional or forbidden liaisons. The classification was based on grammatical descriptions and real production data from the PFC corpus, with which the epilinguistic judgments of our informants were compared. A second goal was to determine if native speakers had high or low metalinguistic awareness of liaison phenomena, compared to metalinguistic phonological awareness of different phenomena like vowel alternations. The findings showed that epilinguistic awareness for liaison was not predictable from traditional classifications nor from quantitative production data; moreover, metalinguistic awareness was lower than for other phonological phenomena. These re- sults were interpreted as evidence of the multidimensional nature of the liaison phenomena, which provides additional challenges to the speakers compared to purely phonological processes. Moreover, corpus-based frequency patterns of liaison production cannot be considered as a direct representation of the speakers’ explicit perception of the phenomenon. It is argued that, in addition to production corpora, explicit perception corpora should be collected to further develop our understanding of the relationship between language input and speakers’ representations
Liaison et impression. Phonologie populaire à travers les intuitions de deux groupes d’adolescents francophones
No full textLa phonologie de la liaison en français contemporain est un domaine où s’affrontent des approches différentes, qui souvent ne dialoguent pas entre elles. Jusqu’à présent, les enquêtes de type perceptif n’ont pris en considération que des populations adultes alors que, chez les adolescents, il pourrait y avoir une moindre sensibilité aux faits de fréquence ou à la norme écrite et des jugements plus polarisés. Ces variations pourraient être dues au poids de l'expérience linguistique et de la pression sociale qui change considérablement selon l’âge.
Notre travail commente les résultats d’un test d’acceptabilité administré à des groupes de jeunes collégiens de Toulouse, Menton et Paris. Nous nous intéressons aussi bien à la compétence épiphonologique qu’à la conscience métaphonologique. Notre expérience se base sur l’enregistrement du texte lu intitulé Le Premier Ministre ira-t-il à Beaulieu? du corpus PFC. Des déviations ont été introduites, concernant la réalisation (ou pas) de la liaison ainsi que d’autres phonèmes vocaliques, utilisés comme distracteurs. Les résultats sont mis en perspective aussi bien avec les représentations des adultes qu’avec les enquêtes sociolinguistiques qui dans ces dernières années ont énormément renouvelé les études sur ce phénomène de sandhi externe typique du français
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Un test d'acceptabilité pour mesurer la conscience phonologique de la liaison chez les adultes. Quelques considérations méthodologiques
Get PDFThe purpose of this contribution is to present an oral acceptability test concerning the French
liaison. The test, called Test d’Habiletés MétaPhonologiques (THaM-Ph), is intended as a tool for evaluating
and measuring epiphonological competence and metaphonological awareness of liaison in non-expert native
French-speaking adults. The THaM-Ph is based on a quali-quantitative approach that allows to measure the
responses obtained on the numerical grid contained in the THAM-3 acceptability test (Pinto, El Euch 2015).
After a brief overview of the theoretical issues related to liaison, we will retrace the story of the novelties in
relation to previous studies, and then present the structure of THaM-Ph. Finally, methodological
considerations will be put forward
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Une micro-analyse idiolectale d'un enseignant de français au Niger: la liaison
No full textIn this contribution we propose a description of the main phonological features of the French spoken in Niger with a focus on the community of native Nigerien French teachers. The oral corpus analysed comes from a PFC survey carried out in Niamey in 2016. After an overview of the status of French language and teachers in Niger, we move to the phonological inventory of a prototypical speaker with particular attention on the phenomenon of liaison. The results show that: a restricted number of liaison environments is realised at 100% (det-noun ; clitic-verb ; fixed expressions); liaison is categorically realised after très, dans ; a high degree of non realisation or variability appears in lot of variable contexts (after être, avoir, c’est, quand, pas). The purpose of this pilot study involving Niger is to enhance the description of phonological variation of spoken French in Africa
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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