1,137 research outputs found
Selection Of Stabilizing Additive For Lipase Immobilization On Controlled Pore Silica By Factorial Design
No full textCandida rugosa lipase was covalently immobilized on silanized controlled pore silica (CPS) previously activated with glutaraldehyde in the presence of several additives to improve the performance of the immobilized form in long-term operation. Proteins (albumin and lecithin) and organic molecules (β-cyclodextrin and polyethylene glycol [PEG]-1500) were added during the immobilization procedure, and their effects are reported and compared to the behavior of the immobilized biocatalyst in the absence (lacking) of additive. The selection of the most efficient additive at different lipase loadings (150-450 U/g of dry support) was performed by experimental design. Two 22 full factorial designs with two repetitions at the center point were employed to evaluate the immobilization yield. A better stabilizing effect was found when small amounts of albumin or PEG-1500 were added simultaneously to the lipase onto the support. The catalytic activity had a maximum (193 U/mg) for lipase loading of 150 U/g of dry support using PEG-1500 as the stabilizing additive. This immobilized system was used to perform esterification reactions under repeated batch cycles (for the synthesis of butyl butyrate as a model). The half-life of the lipase immobilized on CPS in the presence of PEG-1500 was found to increase fivefold compared with the control (immobilized lipase on CPS without additive).91-93703718Faber, K., (1997) Biotransformation in Organic Chemistry: A Textbook, 3rd Ed., , Springer-Verlag, BerlinYahya, A.R.M., Anderson, W.A., Moo-Young, M., (1998) Enzyme Microb. Technol., 23, pp. 438-450Reslow, M., Adlercreutz, P., Mattiason, B., (1988) Eur. J. Biochem., 172, pp. 573-578Balcão, V.M., Paiva, A.L., Malcata, F.X., (1996) Enzyme Microb. Technol., 18, pp. 392-416Bosley, J.A., Peilow, A.D., (1997) J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 74, pp. 107-111Soares, C.M.F., De Castro, H.F., De Moraes, F.F., Zanin, G.M., (1999) Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 77-79, pp. 745-758Reetz, M.T., Zonta, A., Simpelkamp, J., (1996) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 49, pp. 527-534Wehtje, E., Adlercreutz, P., Mattiasson, B., (1993) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 41, pp. 171-178Rocha, J.M.S., Gil, M.H., Garcia, F.A.P., (1998) J. Biotechnol., 66, pp. 61-67Triantafyllou, A.O., Wehtje, E., Adlercreutz, P., Mattiasson, B., (1995) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 45, pp. 406-414Triantafyllou, A.O., Wehtje, E., Adlercreutz, P., Mattiasson, B., (1997) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 54, pp. 67-76Box, G.E.P., Hunter, W.G., Hunter, J.S., (1978) Statistics for Experimenters: An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis and Model Building, , Wiley & Sons, New YorkSzejtli, J., (1988) Cyclodextrin Technology, , Kluwer Academic, BostonBradford, M.M.A., (1976) Anal. Biochem., 72, pp. 248-254De Castro, H.F., Anderson, W.A., Legge, R.L., Moo-Young, M., (1992) Indian J. Chem., 31, pp. 891-89
Availability Optimization With Genetics Algorithms [otimização Da Disponibilidade Com Algoritmos Genéticos]
No full textThis paper presents an availability optimization problem of an engineering series system, which has the redundancy of subsystems and the number of teams of maintenance as optimization parameters. The objective is to reach the maximum value of the availability, considering installation and maintenance cost, weight, volume and available maintenance teams as restrictions. The optimization method used was the Genetic Algorithm, which is based on biological concepts of species evolution. It is a robust method, because it does not converge to local optimum. It does not need the use of differential calculus, facilitating the computational implementation. The proposed search method (Genetic Algorithms) is easy to be implemented and suficinetly robust for the proposed problem. It reached the global optimum region with this method.1324754Doty, L.A., (1989) Reliability for the Technologies, , New York: ASQC Quality Press BookRamakumar, R., (1993) Engineering Reliability: Fundamentals and Applications, , Oklahoma: Prentice-Hall InternationalWohl, J.G., System operational readiness and equipment dependability (1966) IEEE Trans. Reliability, R-15 (1), pp. 1-6Lewis, E.E., (1987) Introduction to Reliability Engineering, , John & Wiley & Sons, IncHolland, J.H., (1975) Adaptation in Natural Artificial Systems, , University of Michigan PressHsieh, Y., Chen, T., Bricker, Genetic Algorithms for reliability design problems (1998) Microelectronics and Reliability, 38 (10), pp. 1599-1605Painton, L., Campbell, J., Genetic algorithm in optimization of system reliability (1995) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 44 (1), pp. 63-72. , MarchGoldberg, D.E., (1989) Genetic Algorithm in Search Optimization and Machine Learning. Reading, , Mass.: Addison-WesleyMitchell, M., (1996) An Introduction to Genetic Algorithms, , Cambridge, MITMichalewicz, Z., (1996) Genetic Algorithm + Data Structure = Evolution Programs, , New York: SpringerCastro, H.F., (2003) Otimização da Confiabilidade e Disponibilidade em Sistemas Redundantes, , Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Dissertação de MestradoKumar, A., Pathak, R.M., Gupta, Y.P., Gemetic-algorithm-based reliability optimization for computer network expansion (1995) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 44 (1), pp. 63-72. , MarchRubinstein, R.Y., Levitin, G., Lisnianski, A., Ben-Haim, H., Redundancy optimization of static series-parallel reliability models under uncertainty (1997) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 46 (4), pp. 503-511. , DecemberLevitin, G., Redundancy optimization for multi-state system with fixed resource-requirements and unreliable sources (2001) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 50 (1), pp. 52-59. , MarchHsieh, Y.C., Chen, T.C., Bricker, D.L., Genetic algorithms for reliability design problems (1998) Microeletronics Reliablity, 38 (10), pp. 1599-1605Coit, D.W., Smith, A.E., Reliability optimization of series-parallel system using a genetic alorithm (1996) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 45 (2), pp. 254-266. , JuneYang, J., Hwang, M., Sung, T., Jin, Y., Application of genetic algorithm for reliability allocation in nuclear power plants (1999) Reliability' Engineering & System Safety, 65, pp. 229-238Taguchi, T., Yokota, T., Gen, M., Reliability optimal design problem with interval coefficients using hybrid genetic algorithms (1998) Computers and Industrial Engineering, 35 (1-2), pp. 373-376Castro, H.F., Cavalca, K.L., Reliability optimization of redundant system (2002) SAE Technical Papers, 1 (1), pp. 1-9. , Danvers MA USAErtas, A., (1993) The Engineering Design Process, p. 525. , John Wiley & Sons In
Effect Of Poly (ethylene) Glycol And Albumin On The Immobilization Of Microbial Lipase And Catalysis In Organic Media [efeito Do Polietilenoglicol E Da Albumina Na Imobilização De Lipase Microbiana E Na Catálise Em Meio Orgânico]
No full textPoly (ethylene) glycol (PEG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), as additive agents, were used to enhance the activity of immobilized microbial lipase in organic solvent. Controlled pore silica (CPS) was selected as matrix and different immobilization procedures were evaluated: directly lipase binding on CPS and simultaneous addition of lipase and additive agent on the same support. The highest coupling yield (59.6%) was attained when the immobilization procedure was performed at lipase loading of 150 U/g support in the presence of PEG-1.500. This immobilized system was used in esterification reactions under repeated batch cycles and the biocatalyst half-life was found to increase 2.7 times when compared with the control.266832838Gonçalves, A.M., Schucht, E., Matthijs, G., Aires Barros, M.R., Cabral, J.M.S., Gil, M.H., (1999) Enzyme Microb. Technol., 24, p. 60Wehtje, E., Adlercreutz, P., Mattiasson, B., (1993) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 41, p. 171Reetz, M.T., Zonta, A., Simpelkamp, J., (1996) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 49, p. 527Trintafyllou, A.O., Wehtje, E., Adlercreutz, P., Mattiasson, B., (1995) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 45, p. 406Rocha, J.M., Gil, M.H., Garcia, F.A.P., (1998) J. Biotechnol., 66, p. 61Bosley, J.A., EP pat. 424,130 1991Zanin, G.M., (1989), Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, BrasilBaron, M., Florêncio, J.A., Zanin, G.M., Ferreira, A.G., Ennes, R., Fontana, J.D., (1996) Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 57-58, p. 605Soares, C.M.F., De Castro, H.F., De Moraes, F.F., Zanin, G.M., (1999) Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 77, p. 745Bradford, M.M.A., (1976) Anal. Biochem., 72, p. 248Box, G.E.P., Hunter, W.G., Hunter, J.S., (1978) Statistics for Experimenters: An Introduction to Design, p. 653. , Wiley & Sons Inc.: New YorkVilleneuve, P., Muderhwa, J.M., Graille, J.M., Haas, M.J., (2000) J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym., 9, p. 11Wu, J.C., Zhang, G.F., He, Z.M., (2001) Biotechnol. Lett., 23, p. 211Harris, J.M., (1992) Em Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Chemistry: Biotechnical and Biomedical Applications, p. 228. , Plenum Press: New Yor
Application Of Simulated Annealing Algorithm In The Reliability Optimization Of Redundant System
No full textThis work presents an application of the simulated annealing algorithm to redundant system reliability optimization, and its objective is to analyze this method and compare to other optimization methods, which are Genetic Algorithm, Evolution Strategy and Lagrange Multipliers. A hidrid optimization algorithm, composed by Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm, is also developed in this work, to conciliate the advantages of both methods. The results presented by the Simulated Annealing and the hybrid algorithm are significant and validate these methods as robust tools for parameters optimization in engineering systems developments Copyright © 2004 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Castro, H.F., Cavalca, K.L., Reliability Optimization of Redundant System (2002) SAE Technical Papers. In: CONGRESSO SAE BRASIL, 1, pp. 1-9. , São Paulo. Danvers MA USA: 2002Castro, H.F.D., (2003) Otimização da Confiabilidade e Disponibilidade em Sistemas Redundantes, p. 139. , Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Dissertação (Mestrado)Metropolis, N., Rosenbluth, A., Rosenbluth, M., Teller, A., Teller, E., Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines (1953) J. of Chem. Physics, 21Holland, J.H., (1975) Adaptation in Natural and Artificial System: An Introduction with Application to Biology, Control and Artificial Intelligence, , An Arbor, MI: University of Michigan PressRavi, V., Murty, B.S.N., Reddy, P.J., Nonequilibrium simulated annealing-algorithm applied to reliability optimization of complex systems (1997) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 46 (2), pp. 233-239. , PII S0018952997055887Laarhoven, P.M., Aarts, E., (1989) Simulated Annealing: Theory and Applications, p. 187. , Dordrecht: KluwerKuo, W., Rajendra Prasad, V., An annotated overview of system-reliability optimization (2000) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 49 (2), pp. 176-187. , PII S001895290010128
Diabete mellitus: é possível reduzir as complicações crônicas em nosso meio? Análise de 50 casos.
No full textTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 199
Aluminum Oxide Grafted On Silica Gel Surface: Study Of The Thermal Stability, Structure And Surface Acidity
No full textThe synthesis of aluminum oxide grafted on silica gel surface was carried out by the reaction of a suitable aluminum precursor with the surface hydroxyl groups, ≡SiOH, of the oxide support in non-aqueous solvent. The advantage of this preparation method, compared to the conventional ones (impregnation or precipitation and calcination), is that the oxide is highly dispersed on the surface (monolayer or submonolayer). The resulting material, SiO2/Al2O3, was heat treated at temperature range of 423 to 1573 K. The Al/Si atomic ratios, determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), showed that aluminum is less mobile up to heat treatment of 1173 K and above this temperature part of it diffuses to the interior of the matrix. 27Al solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) showed two different environments, tetrahedral and octahedral for sample calcined up to 1023 K and above this temperature, aluminum in a trigonal bipyramidal environment was also detected. Pyridine adsorbed on a Lewis acid sites were observed for samples calcined up to 1023 K, and above this temperature they were not detected.352449453Drago, R.S., Getty, E.E., (1988) J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 110, p. 3311Drago, R.S., Petrosius, S.C., Chronister, C.W., (1994) Inorg. Chem., 33, p. 367Goodman, D.W., (1996) J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A14, p. 1526Denofre, S., Gushikem, Y., De Castro, S.C., Kawano, Y., (1993) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 89, p. 1057Rao, S.N.R., Waddell, E., Mitchell, M.B., White, M.G., (1996) J. Catal., 163, p. 176De Canio, E.C., Edwards, J.C., Bruno, J.W., (1994) J. Catal., 148, p. 76Cocke, D.L., Johnson, E.D., Merrill, R.P., (1984) Cat. Rev. Sci. Eng., 26, p. 163Knozinger, H., Ratnasamy, P., (1978) Cat. Rev. Sci. Eng., 17, p. 31Stone, W.E.E., El Shafei, G.M.S., Sanz, J., Selim, S.A., (1993) J. Phys. Chem., 97, p. 10127Kubota, L.T., Gushikem, Y., De Castro, S.C., Moreira, J.C., (1991) Colloids Surf., 57, p. 11Etchepare, J., Merian, M., Kaplan, P., (1978) J. Chem. Phys., 68, p. 1531Hess, A., Kemnitz, E., Lippitz, A., Unger, W.E.S., Menz, D.H., (1994) J. Catal., 148, p. 270Wagner, C.D., Passoja, D.E., Hillery, H.F., Kiniski, T.G., Six, H.A., Jansen, W.T., Taylor, J.A., (1982) J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 21, p. 933Moulder, J.F., Stidkle, W.F., Sobol, P.E., Bomben, K.D., (1992) Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, , edited by J. Chastain Perkin-Elmer, Eden Prairie, Minnesota, USAAnderson, P.R., Swartz W.E., Jr., (1974) Inorg. Chem., 13, p. 2293Chen, F.R., Davis, J.G., Fripiat, J.J., (1992) J. Cat., 133, p. 263Parry, E.P., (1963) J. Cat., 2, p. 371Morterra, C., Magnacca, G., (1996) Cat. Today, 27, p. 497Davanzo, C.U., Gushikem, Y., De Castro, S.C., Benvenutti, E.V., Vasquez, A., (1996) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 92, p. 156
ANÁLISIS DE RIESGOS Y VULNERABILIDADES DE SEGURIDAD INFORMÁTICA APLICANDO TÉCNICAS DE INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL ORIENTADO A INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
No full textComputer security has been presented as a primary instrument when safeguarding the most important asset in current organizations such as data and information, due to its value within proper knowledge management. In this sense, the institutions of higher education must responsibly handle the information of the actors that interrelate in it, such as students, teachers and administrative staff. The main objective of this article is to present a documentary research carried out to explore the deficiencies, risks and vulnerabilities in computer security that different organizations have, especially higher education institutions. This research work is framed within the epistemic current of positivism, applying the hypothetical-deductive method, with qualitative approach, aimed at developing an exploratory research work that proposes to address the situation on methods, techniques and strategies used for the identification of vulnerabilities and computer risks as a pillar cross-cutting scope of any organization, not only in the areas of technology but also in administrative areas. It was possible to show, thanks to the documentary analysis, that computer security must be taken into account in higher education institutions both to safeguard information concerning the operation of this, as to make your community aware of the proper handling of personal information that results in an adequate digital culture, and for this you can use different strategies, including artificial intelligence techniques to identify threats or characterize vulnerabilities.La seguridad informática se ha presentado como un instrumento primordialal momento de salvaguardar el activo más importante en las actuales organizacionescomo son los datos y la información, debido a su valor dentro deuna adecuada gestión del conocimiento. En ese sentido, las instituciones deeducación superior deben manejar de forma responsable la información delos actores que en ella se interrelacionan, como son los estudiantes, docentes y personaladministrativo. Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal presentar una investigacióndocumental realizada para explorar las deficiencias, riesgos y vulnerabilidades enseguridad informática que poseen diferentes organizaciones, en especial las institucionesde educación superior. Este trabajo de investigación está enmarcado dentro dela corriente epistémica del positivismo, aplicando el método hipotético deductivo, conenfoque cualitativo, orientado a desarrollar un trabajo de investigación de corte exploratorioque propone abordar la situación sobre los métodos, técnicas y estrategiasusadas para la identificación de las vulnerabilidades y riesgos informáticos como pilarde alcance transversal de toda organización, no solo en las áreas de tecnología sinotambién en áreas administrativas. Se pudo evidenciar, gracias al análisis documental,que la seguridad informática debe ser tenida en cuenta en las instituciones de educaciónsuperior tanto para resguardar información concerniente al funcionamiento deesta, como para concientizar a su comunidad en el manejo adecuado de la informaciónpersonal que redunda en una adecuada cultura digital, y para ello se pueden usardiferentes estrategias, entre ellas las técnicas de inteligencia artificial para identificaramenazas o caracterizar vulnerabilidades
Reliability Optimization Of Redundant Systems
No full textThe reliability optimization of redundant systems aims to improve some design parameters as reliability or cost, using optimization methods, in order to determine the optimum number of redundancies in each component of the system. This work compares some optimization methods (Lagrange Multipliers, Evolution Strategy and Genetic Algorithm) and its objective is to determine which method is more adjusted to the problem. Copyright © 2002 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Banerjee, S., Rajamani, K., Optimization of System Reliability Using a Parametric Approach (1973) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 22, pp. 35-39. , p.p. AprilRecenberg, I., Evolutionsstrategie: Optimierung Technischer Systeme nach Prizipien der Biologischen Evolution (1973) Frmmann-Holzboog (Stuttgart)Holland, J.H., (1975) Adaptation in Natural Artificial Systems, , University of Michigan PressSchwefel, H.P., (1995) Evolution and Optimum Seeking, pp. 105-118. , J. Willey, New YorkSilva, L.R., Rade, D.A., Cunha, J., Identificação de parâmetros de Elementos de Suporte em Elastodinâmica utilizando Algoritmo Genético (2000) Revista Ciência e Engenharia, 2 (9), pp. 78-87. , UberlândiaKuo, W., Prasad, V.R., An Annotated Overview of System-Reliability Optimization (2000) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 49 (2), pp. 176-187. , JuneHsieh, Y., Chen, T., Bricker, Genetic Algorithms for reliability design problems (1998) Microelectronics and Reliability, 38 (10), pp. 1599-160
Modification Of Oils And Fats By Biotransformation [modificação De óleos E Gorduras Por Biotransformação]
No full textThe oleochemical industry has a permanent interested in controlling the physical, functional and organoleptical properties of their products and in producing useful derivatives from their raw materials. The potential of biotechnology for developing novel or well-known products at more competitive costs meets the need of this industrial segment in expanding their goals. In this work some technical aspects, problems and perspectives related to the production of oil and fat derivatives using biotransformation techniques are discussed. 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