1,722,090 research outputs found
Interview with David Card
No full textDavid Card, University of California, Berkeley economist, on immigration, labor supply, minimum wage and inequality.Economics ; Economists ; Emigration and immigration ; Labor economics ; Minimum wage
Empirical Revolution Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2021: David Card, Joshua Angrist, Guido Imbens
No full textThe article describes the essence of the quasi-experimental scheme widely used and creatively developed by the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize. In particular, the four most popular methods used within this approach are characterized: regression discontinuity design, propensity score matching, difference-in-differences method, and instrumental variable regression. Subsequently the essence of the so-called “credibility revolution” in economics is presented, which – thanks to David Card, Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens – changed the way of conducting contemporary economic research and introduced quasi-experimental methods to the mainstream of econo�metrics. Against this background, the achievements of this year’s laureates have been outlined both in the area of econometric methods and economic knowledge in three areas: education, international migration and the labour market. The article also discusses the limitations of the empirical approach represented by the Nobel Prize winners. The last part presents the profile of Alan Krueger, a long-time associate of this year’s Laureates, who – if he were still alive – would certainly join the group of the economic Nobel Prize winners
David Card, Prix Nobel 2021: la révolution design-based
No full textInternational audienceAu tournant des années 1990, David Card est l’un des principaux initiateurs d’une évolution majeure de la recherche en sciences économiques. A partir de ce moment, la qualité d’une recherche empirique ne se juge plus seulement à ses liens avec un modèle théorique formel, mais aussi et avant tout à la pertinence des hypothèses sous lesquelles sont identifiées les relations de cause à effet entre grandeurs économiques. S’appuyant sur une palette de méthodes quasi-expérimentales, David Card contribue de manière décisive à nombre de débats majeurs, dont ceux sur le salaire minimum, l’immigration, la ségrégation raciale ou l’éducation. La recherche empirique en économie gagne en autonomie, en prestige et en audience, notamment auprès des autres sciences sociales. A partir d’une analyse inédite des publications de certaines revues emblématiques, nous retraçons la façon dont les approches quasi expérimentales promues par David Card ont fini par se diffuser en Europe et en France
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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