73 research outputs found
On the Possession of Truth in Fiction: A.S. Byatt's Confrontation with the Role of the Author
No full textWhen Possession’s protagonist, a post-structuralist/deconstructionist scholar named Roland Michell, finds and takes drafts of a letter written by Victorian poet Randolph Henry Ash, A.S. Byatt re-opens the longstanding debate concerning the ownership of truth and an author’s role in textual interpretation, ultimately asking: Who owns the meaning of a text? And even more so, why? The act of theft from the private world of an author (and the journey it spurs) allows Possession to coincide with pre-formalist notions about the author—that the author and their life is central to the meaning of their work—despite a dominant knowledge of formalism, new criticism, structuralism, poststructuralism, and deconstruction in the contemporary timeline. However, Possession’s three-and-a-half-page postscript chapter unravels a novel-length endorsement of pre-formalist notions, affording the novel a neutral existence that does not condemn nor encourage reliance on the biography of the author. As a result, this essay finds that the novel acts as a means for readers to identify two fundamental ideas about authorship and to witness a regressive transition from a post- to pre-formalist literary approach. In fact, by depicting the common occurrence of exchange to curate an author’s belongings (despite their passing), Possession even suggests that the reconfiguration of the author is a response to capitalist commodification. And so, by utilizing the theories of Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault, this essay argues how Possession shows the role of capitalism and consumerism in the contemporary approach to literature
Interactions between wavemaking and the boundary layer and wake of a ship model
No full textA detailed experimental study has been conducted in a towing tank on a 3.048-meter-long mathematical model, known as the Wigley hull, to study the effects of viscosity on the wavemaking resistance of the ship form. The measurements included total resistance, viscous resistance, pressure distribution, and boundary-layer measurements of the model at zero trim and sinkage. The three-dimensional boundary-layer measurements extend from midship to a distance of 0.1 model lengths downstream of the stern and include the pressure distribution on the body, and three components of the mean velocity measured by means of a five-hole pitot tube. These measurements were carried out for four Froude numbers of 0.266, 0.313, 0.350 and 0.400. A numerical method, using the small-crossflow approximation of the boundary-layer equations, has been employed to calculate the boundary-layer characteristics along the streamlines on the hull which were obtained by using Guilloton's methode A comparison between calculation and experimental results has been made. The wave-resistance coefficients of the ship form have been calculated by the Michell integral, using the Michell thin-ship centerplane distribution, a hull surface distribution and a slender-body centerplane distribution. These calculations have been carried out for two different cases, 1) wave resistance calculation without the effect of the boundary layer and wake, and 2) calculations including these effects. These calculations have been carried out only to first order and have been compared with the residuary resistance and the wave-profile resistance
O direito humano de acesso à justiça em um prazo razoável
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito.O principal objetivo deste estudo implica em circunscrever o direito de acesso à justiça em um prazo razoável. O tema centra sua reflexão na eficácia do direito humano de acesso à justiça em um prazo razoável, objetivando definir seu conceito e critérios de apuração e aplicação face ao caso concreto. O tema justifica-se por sua relevância mundial, situando-se dentre a problemática do acesso à justiça nos Estados Contemporâneos. Visa, sobretudo, atacar e minimizar os problemas resultantes da demora na prestação da justiça e, por conseguinte, almeja reduzir as violações direitos humanos, sobretudo pela impunidade e pela injustiça oriundas da demora. Para isso, buscou-se no primeiro capítulo, localizar o tema historicamente, delimitando seu conceito e fundamentação teórica. Em seguida, o trabalho traça um paralelo entre a construção do Estado contemporâneo e a positivação dos direitos humanos, em especial, quanto ao recente reconhecimento do direito de acesso à justiça como direito humano. A primeira parte do trabalho traz ainda a inserção do tema no cenário internacional, em especial situando-se dentre os ramos do Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos. O estudo, neste momento destaca a importância da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos na universalização deste direito, bem como a referência da Convenção Européia de Direitos Humanos e de todo o sistema europeu de proteção aos direitos humanos, na vinculação dos Estados ao compromisso de respeitar e efetivar tais direitos internamente. A segunda parte do trabalho analisa, detidamente, o sistema americano de direitos humanos, do qual o Brasil é parte desde 1992, apontando sua estrutura e funcionamento, bem como seus principais instrumentos jurídicos internacionais de proteção aos direitos humanos, dos quais merece destaque a Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos. Ainda neste momento, o estudo inova ao apontar quais garantias processuais são reconhecidas internacionalmente, podendo-se afirmar que se trata de verdadeiras garantias processuais internacionais. Ademais, analisa detidamente as garantias processuais consagradas pelo sistema americano de direitos humanos, destacando especialmente seus princípios norteadores. A terceira parte do trabalho aborda o tema central, qual seja, o direito de acesso à justiça em um prazo razoável. Inicia a abordagem refletindo sobre o conceito de tempo e espaço, desde a filosofia, à física quântica e à sociologia, para, em logo depois, analisar o impacto deste conceito na realidade do processo. Tempo e processo são, pois, realidades conectadas e da qual derivam as expressões prazo e duração. Também neste momento são analisados os princípios da proporcionalidade e da razoabilidade, como instrumentos auxiliares na busca pela definição de prazo razoável. A parte final do trabalho analisa as teorias e construções realizadas pela doutrina européia e americana no intuito de definir e apresentar critérios objetivos à apuração e aplicação do direito de acesso à justiça em um prazo razoável. São também analisadas várias jurisprudências produzidas pelo Tribunal Europeu de Direitos Humanos e pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, no sentido de demonstrar que tais critérios são passíveis de aplicação, de igual modo, nos Estados Europeus e Americanos, em especial, na América Latina. Por fim, o último capítulo do trabalho analisa a posição do Brasil e o recente reconhecimento pela Constituição Federal de 1988 do direito de acesso à justiça em prazo razoável. As conclusões do trabalho apontam pela eficácia deste direito, bastando, tão somente, reformas precisas e políticas públicas adequadas à garantia e efetivação dos direitos humanos, em especial à população carente. O presente estudo fez uso do método de análise dedutivo, tendo por método de procedimento, o método histórico-comparativo. Os pressupostos aqui adotados e as conclusões advindas não representam, necessariamente, o posicionamento do orientador, dos membros da banca examinadora, bem como do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Por fim, vale ressaltar, que este trabalho obteve financiamento da CAPES para as pesquisas realizadas no exterior
Advances in ITP - therapy and quality of life - a patient survey.
No full textCurrent guidelines recommend glucocorticoids and splenectomy as standard 1(st) and 2(nd) line treatments for chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). We sought to find out how German ITP-patients are treated with respect to these guidelines. Members of a patient support association ≥18 years with a self-reported history of chronic ITP>12 months were surveyed with a web-based questionnaire. 122 questionnaires were evaluated. 70% of patients had chronic ITP for more than 5 years and 20% an average platelet count of ≤30·10(9)/L. 41% of the patients reported haematomas or petechiae more than once or twice and up to 12 times or more per year and 17% oropharyngeal and nasal bleeds. 11% had been admitted to hospital during the last 12 months. 88% had received or currently receive glucocorticoids, 27% were splenectomised. IVIG had been given to 55%, rituximab to 22%, anti-D to 12%, ciclosporin to 7%, while complementary and alternative medical treatments had been used by 36%. 50 women responded to questions concerning pregnancy. 14 (28%) had been advised not to become pregnant. 23 reported pregnancies and 10 (44%) required treatment for their ITP during pregnancy. Glucocorticoids are the most common therapy for chronic ITP but complementary and alternative treatments already come second and less than ⅓ of patients are splenectomised. This and the frequent use of complementary medicines suggests patients' dissatisfaction with conventional approaches. Many patients receive off-label therapies. There is a major need for adequate counselling and care for pregnant ITP-patients
Caveolae: A Role in Endothelial Inflammation and Mechanotransduction?
No full textVascular inflammation and disease progression, such as atherosclerosis, are in part a consequence of haemodynamic forces generated by changes in blood flow. The haemodynamic forces, such as shear stress or stretch, interact with vascular endothelial cells, which transduce the mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals via mechanosensors, which can induce an upregulation in pathways involved in inflammatory signaling. However, it is unclear how these mechanosensors respond to shear stress and most significantly what cellular mechanisms are involved in sensing the haemodynamic stimuli. This review explores the transition from shear forces, stretch and pressure to endothelial inflammation and the process of mechanotransduction, specifically highlighting evidence to suggest that caveolae play as a role as mechanosensors
Characterization of water and wildlife strains as a subgroup of Campylobacter jejuni using DNA microarrays.
No full textCampylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, but source attribution of the organism is difficult. Previously, DNA microarrays were used to investigate isolate source, which suggested a non-livestock source of infection. In this study we analysed the genome content of 162 clinical, livestock and water and wildlife (WW) associated isolates combined with the previous study. Isolates were grouped by genotypes into nine clusters (C1 to C9). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data demonstrated that livestock associated clonal complexes dominated clusters C1-C6. The majority of WW isolates were present in the C9 cluster. Analysis of previously reported genomic variable regions demonstrated that these regions were linked to specific clusters. Two novel variable regions were identified. A six gene multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay, designed to effectively differentiated strains into clusters, was validated with 30 isolates. A further five WW isolates were tested by mPCR and were assigned to the C7-C9 group of clusters. The predictive mPCR test could be used to indicate if a clinical case has come from domesticated or WW sources. Our findings provide further evidence that WW C. jejuni subtypes show niche adaptation and may be important in causing human infection
Friendships in the workplace
No full textLõputöö on koostatud teemal sõprussuhted töökohal. Teema valik tuleneb asjaolust, et töötajate
töötulemusi töökohal mõjutavad mitmed tegurid. Varasemad uuringud on kinnitanud, et üheks
töötajate töötulemusi mõjutavaks teguriks on sõprussuhete olemasolu töökohal. Lisaks on varasemad
uuringud viidanud ka asjaolule, et sõprussuhete olemasolu töökohal vähendab töölt lahkumise
kavatsust, mida peavad tööandjad küllalt oluliseks, sest mida kauem töötajad tööandja juures püsivad,
seda paremad on ka töötulemused.
Lõputöö eesmärk oli välja selgitada sõprussuhete seosed töö tulemuslikkuse ja töölt lahkumise
kavatsusega, et leida võimalusi toitlustusettevõtte töö tulemuslikkuse suurendamiseks.
Teoreetilisest analüüsist selgus, et sõprussuhete mõju töötulemustele on tegelikult üpris suur. See
võib mõjuda inimesele halvasti oma töösuhtes. Sõprussuhete mõjusid töötulemustele on mitu. Seega
tõi autor teoreetilises osas välja sõprussuhete mõjusid töötulemustele, mis võivad ettevõtetes esineda.
Liiga suur empaatiavõime ja emotsioonid sõprade vahel võivad nende töötulemusi vähendada. Sageli
suhtlevad töötajad tööga mitteseotud teemadel. See segab neil keskenduda oma tööle.
Sõprussuhete mõju töötulemustele võib tekkida ka armukadeduse tagajärjel. Mõni sõprussuhe
töökeskkonnas võib olla inimese jaoks isegi koormav. Võib juhtuda ka, et töötaja on väga heades
sõprussuhetes oma juhiga. See võib tekitada teistele töötajatele tunde, et tema saab rohkem kiitust ja
võib olla on saanud oma hea töö tänu juhile.
Sõprussuhete mõjust töötulemuste ennetamiseks, peaks tööandja töökohal oma alluvatega suhtlema
ja neid kohtlema võrdselt. Liigne sõbrustamine töökohal ei ole hea. Juht teab ja tunneb, mida ta otsib
oma heade tunnustega töötajas.
Uuringu eesmärk on välja selgitada sõprussuhete mõjust töötulemustele. Uuring on kvantitatiivne.
Andmekogumismeetodiks on autor valinud ankeetküsitluse, milleks on skaalaküsimustik. Eesmärgi
täitmiseks on püstitatud uurimisküsimused, mis on toodud välja empiirilise uuringu metoodika
peatükis. Küsitluse tegi autor ettevõtte personalitöötajate ja juhtide seas.
Andmete analüüsimiseks on autor kasutanud statistilist analüüsi. Selle põhjal saab arvutada
aritmeetilist keskmist ning standardhälvet.
Uuringutulemustest selgus, et keskmise tugevusega pöördvõrdeline korrelatiivne seos on tegelike
sõprussuhete ja töölt lahkumise kavatsuse vahel (r=-0,610), mis tähendab, et kui tegelikud
sõprussuhted vähenevad, siis töölt lahkumise kavatsus suureneb või vastupidi, kui töölt lahkumise 39
kavatsus suureneb, siis tegelikud sõprussuhted vähenevad. Mõnevõrra nõrgem, kuid keskmise
tugevusega pöördvõrdeline seos esines ka võimaluste osas sõprussuhete loomiseks (r=-0,418), mis
näitab, et võimaluste vähenedes sõprussuhete loomiseks töökohal suureneb ka töölt lahkumise
kavatsus.
Analüüsist ilmneb, et võrdeline keskmise tugevusega seos on võimaluste vahel sõprussuhete
loomiseks ja tegelike sõprussuhete vahel (r=0,555), mis näitab, et kui võimalused sõprussuhete
tekkeks on ettevõttes loodud, siis tekivad ka tegelikud sõprussuhted töökaaslaste vahel. Keskmise
tugevusega seosed töö tulemuslikkuse ja sõprussuhete vahel on pöördvõrdelised (r=-0,388), mis
tähendab, et kui sõprussuhted töökohal suurenevad, siis töö tulemuslikkus väheneb või kui
sõprussuhted töökohal vähenevad, siis töö tulemuslikkus suureneb. Kui tööl tekivad sõprussuhted
pakub see töö inimestele suuremat rahuldust, sõbrad muudavad töö tegemise lõbusamaks ja koos
tulevad paremad töötulemused. Kui tööl on häid sõpru, siis on parem tuju hommikuti tööle tulla ja
tööpäev möödub hoogsamini. See suurendab viljakust ja loovust, kui on tööl kellegagi oma rõõmu
jagada ning see suurendab töö tulemuslikkust (Ainsalu, 2017).
Uuringust selgus, et töötajad on hinnanud võimalust sõprussuhete loomiseks ning töö tulemuslikkust
kõige kõrgemalt. Nad saavad usaldada inimesi töö juures ning neil on tööl võimalus suhelda
mitteametlikult ning teisi külastada ja neil on võimalus oma töökaaslasi tundma õppida. Töötajad
peavad ennast tipptegijateks. Töötajad tunnevad end oma praeguse tööga üsna hästi, kuid plaanivad
sellest tööst loobuda järgmise aasta jooksul.
Vanusegruppides lõikes on kõige kõrgemalt hinnatud töö tulemuslikkust ning võimalust sõprussuhete
loomiseks ja tegelikke sõprussuhteid. Töötajad saavad usaldada oma kaastöötajaid suurel määral,
kuid nad ei arva, et keegi, kellega nad koos töötavad oleks tõeline sõber. Töötajad on suutelised
lahendama tööga soetud probleeme kollektiivselt ja neil on tööl võimalus suhelda mitteametlikult
ning teisi külastada. Nad on tipptegijad ja teevad tööd paremini kui teised töötajad.
Ametivaldkondade lõikes on kõige kõrgemalt hinnatud töö tulemuslikkust ning tegelikke
sõprussuhteid. Neil on võimalus oma töökaaslasi tundma õppida, suutelised lahendama tööga soetud
probleeme kollektiivselt ja neil on võimalus suhelda mitteametlikult ning teisi külastada. Nad
kuuluvad viie parima töötaja hulka, on tipptegijad ning teil on parimad teadmised teenuste kohta.
Uuringust võib järeldada, et enamus töötajatest tahab järgmise aasta jooksul tööst loobuda. Töötajad
saavad omavahel hästi läbi ning võib järeldada, et kõigil on tööl vähemalt üks sõber. Töötajatel on
võimalik lahendada probleeme kollektiivselt. Ettepanekuks võiks tööandja muuta töötingimusi, et
töötajad ei sooviks oma tööst loobuda.
Kokkuvõtteks võib lõputööst järeldada, et töötajad tunnevad ennast töökohal üsna hästi ning neil on
võimalus töö juures teistega suhelda ja luua sõprussuhteid.
Lõputöö autori hinnangul on ülesanded täidetud ja töö eesmärk saavutatud.The dissertation is compiled on the topic of friendships in the workplace. The choice of topic stems
from the fact that employees' performance in the workplace is affected by a number of factors.
Previous research has confirmed that one of the factors influencing employees' performance is the
existence of friendships in the workplace. In addition, previous research has suggested that the
existence of friendships in the workplace reduces the intention to leave work, which employers
consider to be quite important, because the longer employees stay with the employer, the better the
work results.
The theoretical part of the work is based on the literature of the respective specialty. The views of A.
Kidron and mainly articles on the topic written by L. R. Västrik, C. Keen, K. Ainsalu and previous
research have been used in compiling the work.
The aim of the dissertation was to find out the connections between friendships and the intention to
leave work in order to find ways to increase the efficiency of the catering company.
Research tasks set to achieve the goal:
• to find out, based on theoretical sources, the connections between friendships and work-related
intentions and to develop a methodology for conducting empirical research;
• to map and analyze friendships in the workplace and to explain, on the basis of research results, the
extent to which they contribute to work efficiency and reduce the intention to leave work;
• draw conclusions and make suggestions for increasing work efficiency based on the existence of
friendships in the workplace.
The study is quantitative. The author has chosen a questionnaire, which is a scale questionnaire, as
the data collection method. In order to fulfill the goal, research questions have been set out in the
chapter on the methodology of empirical research. The author conducted a survey among the
company's personnel and managers.
Microsoft Excel spreadsheet program is used for systematization.
The dissertation consists of three parts. In the first part, the author discusses the theoretical starting
points of friendship and work performance. The second chapter contains the methodology of the
empirical research, in which the author explains the methodology of the research carried out within
the framework of the dissertation. The third chapter contains an analysis of the results of the empirical
study.
The survey shows that most employees want to quit their job in the next year. The employees get
along well with each other and it can be concluded that everyone has at least one friend at work.
Employees can solve problems collectively
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