11 research outputs found
Produção do conhecimento dos grupos de pesquisa em educação em enfermagem do Estado de São Paulo
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Florianópolis, 2011A Educação em Enfermagem, no cerne das profundas mudanças, que vem ocorrendo ao longo do século XXI; necessita encontrar novos modos de fazer o cuidado de enfermagem, respondendo às necessidades da população brasileira. A pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem constitui um caminho importante para o reconhecimento dessas possibilidades. Sendo assim, são necessários estudos que evidenciem a produção científica em educação em enfermagem; contribuindo com o avanço e fortalecimento da área. Pesquisa de natureza quali-quantitativa, do tipo descritiva, exploratória-analítica, em base documental, tendo como objetivo analisar o conhecimento produzido nos Grupos de Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem do Estado de São Paulo, através dos artigos científicos publicados no período de 2004-2010. O referencial teórico adotado foram as tendências pedagógicas, propostas pelo Ministério de Educação e Cultura (1997). A organização e sistematização dos dados ocorreram da seguinte forma: a) Identificação dos Grupos de Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem, b) Identificação dos pesquisadores permanentes, c) Levantamento da produção científica no currículo lattes dos pesquisadores, d) Qualificação dos artigos científicos Qualis/CAPES, 2009, e) Leitura dos resumos e composição do corpo de análise, f) Leitura completa dos artigos científicos relacionados ao tema Educação. Os dados foram analisados com técnicas quantitativas (frequências absolutas e relativas) e qualitativas (Proposta Operativa de Minayo, 2010). Essa pesquisa não foi submetida ao Comitê de Ética visto que os dados são de domínio público. No Estado de São Paulo, existem 12 Grupos de Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem, com 94 pesquisadores que produziram 832 artigos científicos, 62 livros, 191 capítulos de livros e 96 trabalhos completos publicados em anais de eventos. Os 557 artigos científicos que possuíam qualificação A1, A2, B1 e B2 - Qualis/CAPES, 2009, constituíram-se no foco de análise das tendências temáticas e pedagógicas. As tendências temáticas #Cuidado em Enfermagem e Saúde# (146) e #Educação, Enfermagem e Saúde# (131) tiveram destaque dentro da produção científica; revelando um fator positivo e contribuindo com o fortalecimento da área. Em relação às tendências pedagógicas, analisaram-se 131 estudos que possuíam aderência à temática #Educação, Enfermagem e Saúde#; sendo que 46,56% estão pautados em tendências, centralmente, marcadas por preocupações políticas e sociais. A grande concentração de estudos embasados em tendências libertadoras ou com a ambição em adotar tais posturas, revela uma postura diferenciada desses Grupos de Pesquisa. Em suma, a análise desta produção científica pôde contribuir para que a Enfermagem e os Grupos, em especial; reorientem a sua produção, considerando o seu objeto de estudo # a Educação em Enfermagem # identificando, também, problemas prioritários no campo de Educação em Enfermagem, para os quais se faz necessário buscar a compreensão e apontar possíveis caminhos de transformação.Education in Nursing, at the heart of the profound changes that have occurred throughout the XXI century, need to find new ways to make nursing care, responding to the needs of the population. Research in Nursing Education is an important way to recognize these possibilities. Therefore, studies are needed that demonstrate the scientific production in nursing education, contributing to the advancement and strengthening of the area. The research is qualitative and quantitative in nature, descriptive, exploratory, analytical type, based on documents, aiming to analyze the knowledge produced in the Research Group on Nursing Education in the State of São Paulo, through the scientific articles published between 2004 # 2010. The theoretical reference was the pedagogical trends, proposed by the Ministry of Education and Culture (1997). The organization and systematization of data occurred as follows: a) Identification of Research Groups in Nursing Education, b) Identification of permanent researchers, c) Survey of scientific researchers in the curriculum lattes, d) Qualification of scientific articles Qualis / CAPES, 2009 and) reading the abstracts and body composition analysis, f) Full reading of scientific papers related to the theme Education. Data were analyzed with quantitative (absolute and relative frequencies) and qualitative techniques (Proposed Operative Minayo, 2010). This survey was not submitted to the Ethics Committee since the data are public domain. In São Paulo, there are 12 Research Groups in Nursing Education, 94 researchers who produced 832 scientific articles, 62 books, 191 book chapters and 96 full papers published in conference proceedings. The 557 papers that had qualified A1, A2, B1 and B2 - Qualis / CAPES, 2009, constituted the focus of analysis of educational issues and trends. The thematic trends "in Nursing and Health Care" (146) and "Education, Nursing and Health" (131) were mentioned in the scientific literature, revealing a positive and contributing to the strengthening of the area. Regarding pedagogical trends, we analyzed 131 studies that had adherence to the theme "Education, Nursing and Health", of which 46.56% are guided by trends, centrally marked by political and social concerns. The concentration of studies grounded in liberating trends or the ambition to adopt such postures, reveals a different attitude of these research groups. In sum, the analysis of scientific production could contribute to the Nursing and groups, in particular, to redirect its output, given its subject matter - Nursing Education - also identify priority problems in the field of Nursing Education , for which it is necessary to seek the understanding and to identify possible ways of transformation
RESPON DAUN UNGU (Graptophyllumpictum L.) TERHADAP CEKAMAN AIR
No full textDaun ungu atau handeuleum (Graptophyllum pictum I.) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil bahan baku obat Daunnya dapal digunakan untuk mengobati wasir, batu empedu. dan penyakit hati Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mcmpelajari pengaruh cekaman air terhadap produksi dan mutu daun handeuleum. Percobaan pot (polybag) dilakukan di rumah plastik Balai Penelitian lanaman Rempah dan Obat. Bogor mulai bulan September 1997 sampai dengan Februari 1998. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan tcrdiri atas 4 taraf cekaman air, yaitu : 1) 40% kapasitas lapang (KL), 2) 60% KL, 3) 80% KL dan 4) 100% KL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas daun, jumlah cabang, bera( kering akar, berat kering ba(ang dan berat kering daun pada 60% KL dan 80% KL paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya Untuk mutu daun yang dihasilkan, dari semua perlakuan memenuhi persyaratan yang dilctapkan dalam Malcria Medika Indonesia.Kata kunci : Graptophyllum pictum L. cekaman air, produksi, mutu ABSTRACT Effect of water stress on Graptophyllum pictum L.Graptophyllum pictum is one of the raw materials lor medicinal The leaf can be used for hemorrhoids, bladder and liver, The objectives of the experiment was to study the efect of drought stress on production and quality of leaves. Pot experiment was carried oul in green house of Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops (RISMC). Bogor in September 1997 to February 1998. A randomized block design was used with six replicates. The treatments consisted of 4 levels of ield capacities 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The result of experiment showed mat leaf area, number of branches, root dry weight, branches dry weight and leaf dry weight on 60% and 80% of ield capacity were the highest compared with odier treatments. The quality of all treatments arc fulfilled in requirement of Indonesia Materia Mcdica.Key words : Graptophyllum pictum L, water stress, production, qualit
Educação em enfermagem na UFPA e a práxis da enfermeira na atenção básica de saúde
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Florianópolis, 2009Trata-se de um estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi desvelar como as bases teóricas da educação em enfermagem contribuem para a determinação da práxis da Enfermeira na Atenção Básica de Saúde. Na composição do suporte teórico-filosófico foram utilizados os níveis de práxis preconizados por Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez e a educação libertadora de Paulo Freire. A trajetória metodológica esteve baseada nos estudos de caso de Yin, os contextos do estudo foram duas unidades de análises, ambas no Estado do Pará. A primeira, o município de Bragança, no Estado do Pará, com uma população de 102.232 habitantes e uma Rede Básica de Saúde composta por dezenove unidades de serviço e vinte e duas equipes de Saúde da Família. A segunda, um Distrito de Saúde de Belém, capital do Estado, que atende a uma população de 402.292 habitantes, através de uma Rede Básica de Saúde composta por onze unidades de serviço e treze equipes de Saúde da Família. Os sujeitos do estudo foram oito enfermeiras, escolhidas através dos seguintes critérios: egressas do Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Pará; que tivessem ingressado no Curso a partir do ano de 1998; que estivessem desenvolvendo suas atividades nas unidades de saúde que compõem o contexto do estudo e que se dispusessem a participar da pesquisa. Como técnicas de coleta de dados foram utilizadas a entrevista e documentos e como procedimento de análise dos dados foi utilizado o preconizado por Strauss e Corbin. O estudo dos dados culminou em cinco categorias de análise, quais sejam: o modelo pedagógico na educação formal e seus reflexos na formação de enfermeiras; a articulação ensino-serviço e seus reflexos na formação de enfermeiras; a educação formal como base da práxis de enfermeiras na atenção básica; aprender e ensinar no cotidiano do trabalho: reflexões de enfermeiras em suas práxis na atenção básica; razões e dificuldades para o desenvolvimento das ações educativas na prática de enfermeiras na atenção básica. Os resultados possibilitaram constatar que o órgão 9 formador vem, gradativamente, contribuindo para um novo significado do cuidado, como prática social, na medida em que, vivenciando um processo de transição no modelo de ensino, já oportuniza postura reflexiva, estímulo à criatividade e à autonomia e contribui para uma visão de mundo mais humanizada, levando à compreensão de que, no cenário atual, possui uma função essencial. Conclui-se, portanto, haver ratificado a TESE de que a Educação é um instrumento, uma ferramenta, para ajudar a superar a interferência, ainda hoje existente, dos referenciais educativos tradicionais nas práticas de saúde vigente, distantes dos enunciados da reforma sanitária, pois a práxis da enfermeira não depende unicamente de referenciais teóricos construídos ao longo de sua atividade profissional, mas depende, também, da participação da educação formal para a construção destes referenciais, que serão potencializados e potencializadores para a vivência profissional.This is a case study of qualitative approach, aimed at uncovering how the theoretical bases of nursing education contribute to determine the practice of the Nurse in Primary Health On the composition of the theoretical and philosophical support were used levels practice recommended by Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez and liberating education of Paulo Freire. The methodology was based on case studies of Yin, the contexts of the study were two units of analysis, both in the state of Pará first, the municipality of Bragança, Pará State, with a population of 102,232 inhabitants and a Network Basic Health composed of nineteen units of service and twenty-two teams of Family Health. The second, a health district of Belem, state capital, serving a population of 402,292 inhabitants, through the Primary Health Network consists of eleven units of service, thirteen teams of Family Health. The study subjects were eight nurses, chosen by the following criteria: recent graduates of the Nursing Course at the Federal University of Para, who had joined the course from the year 1998, that were developing their activities in health units that comprise the context the study and who were willing to participate. As techniques for collecting data were used to interview and use of documents such as procedure and data analysis, we used the recommended by Strauss and Corbin. The study of data resulted in five categories of analysis, namely: the pedagogical model in formal education and its effects on training of nurses, the coordination of teaching - service and its effects on training of nurses; formal education as the basis for practice nurses in primary care, teaching and learning in daily work: reflections from nurses in their practice in primary care; reasons and difficulties in the development of educational practice nurses in primary care. It was possible to see that the educational institutions, gradually contributing to a new meaning of care as a social practice, in that, through a process of transition in the teaching model, now nurture reflexive stance, I encourage creativity and autonomy and contributes to a vision of a more humane world, leading to understanding that the current environment, has an essential function. It is, therefore, had ratified the thesis that education is a tool, a tool to help overcome the interference still exists today, the traditional educational 11 frameworks in the practice of public health policy, far from the set of health reform, because the practice nurse does not depend solely on references built up over his career, but also depends on the participation of formal education for the construction of these benchmarks, which will be leveraged and enhancers to professional experience
The development and applications of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for the detection of illicit drugs in saliva samples
Get PDFAnti-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), anti-cocaine and anti-morphine polyclonal antibodies were produced. These antibodies were successfully applied to an ELISA format for the detection of THC, cocaine, and morphine in saliva samples.
Monoclonal antibodies against amphetamine and its derivatives were produced using two different conjugates, amphetamine-bovine serum albumin and methamphetaminebovine serum albumin. Two successful clones were produced, and the antibodies were applied to an ELISA format for the detection of amphetamine, methamphetamine, and the other common amphetamine derivatives, such as methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). The ELISA was developed using saliva as the matrix. During the screening stage of the production of these antibodies, particular attention was given to their cross reactivity profiles. Among the molecules tested for cross-reactivity, were legally available medications such as ephedrine, as other commercially available antibodies show cross reactivity. The resulting monoclonal antibodies detected amphetamine and other designer derivatives, and showed negligible cross reactivity with the legal structurally related molecules. The antibodies were applied to a biosensor (BIAcore) assay for the detection of amphetamine and methamphetamine in saliva samples. The affinity constants for the antibodies were determined by ELISA and BIAcore methods. The values obtained were found to be similar by both methods.
A novel automated prototype device, developed by our collaborators, Envitec, was optimised and the anti-THC polyclonal antibody was applied to it for the screening of saliva samples for the presence of THC. This was a rapid, qualitative test, and it could be performed in less than 20 minutes. The basis of the assay was competition between horseradish peroxidase-labeled THC and THC present in the saliva samples, for binding to the anti-THC polyclonal antibodies that coated the reaction wells of the device
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Brand extensions into the hospitality industry by luxury fashion labels and national identity: the cases of Hotel Missoni Edinburgh and Maison Moschino
No full textThe luxury fashion industry is closely intertwined with the phenomenon of brand extension. Italian labels have been particularly active in this regard, consistently associating their name with a variety of products and extending into sectors that are sometimes rather distant from the core where they operate, like in the hospitality business. This thesis gives an insight into this phenomenon that sees Italian luxury fashion labels expand their brands into hôtellerie by unpacking the relationship it holds with Italianicity. Examining the cases of two iconic Italian luxury fashion labels, Missoni and Moschino, and the hotels associated with their names, Hotel Missoni Edinburgh and Maison Moschino, this thesis investigates the different ways in which they refer to Italy and its culture. It is contended that within Hotel Missoni Edinburgh and Maison Moschino there are corporate strategies at play that are aimed at deploying their Italianicity as a means to increase their prestige and strengthen their association with the identity of their parent brands. Moreover, it is contended that the hotels employ strategies of cultural opportunism that see the deployment of characteristic traits associated with Italy and its culture as a way to augment their offerings, maximising the brand extension potential of those labels. However, while Missoni Hotel Edinburgh and Maison Moschino rely on traits of Italianicity for their identity, they also contribute to the construction of ideas of Italianicity
As políticas de educação inclusiva para a educação infantil no Brasil: anos 2000
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Florianópolis, 2010A presente pesquisa objetivou compreender as políticas de educação especial voltadas à educação infantil no Brasil. O período de estudo delimitou-se à primeira década dos anos 2000, quando se percebe vasta documentação introduzida nos meios educacionais, com o intuito de direcionar a política de educação especial, em sua perspectiva inclusiva, na educação básica. Para delimitação do objeto de pesquisa, foram debatidos alguns pontos de tensão, que constituem a educação infantil e a educação especial. O acesso, a diversificação das instituições de educação infantil e a ausência de consenso pedagógico na área foram apresentados neste estudo como questões candentes no campo da educação infantil. No campo das políticas voltadas para a educação especial brasileira, tratou-se do debate por meio da documentação nacional, que institui as diretrizes para esta modalidade de educação básica, particularmente aquelas que integram a coleção Educação Infantil: saberes e práticas da inclusão. O processo de investigação constituiu-se de análise documental de fontes nacionais e internacionais, com base na análise de discurso proposta por Fairclough (2001) e Orlandi (2009). A análise desta pesquisa partiu do pressuposto, segundo o qual as reformas sofridas pelo Estado brasileiro, nestas últimas décadas, a política educacional indicada aos países em desenvolvimento, por organismos internacionais, e as concepções e proposições amplamente difundidas por órgãos oficiais estão imbricadas no processo de constituição da EI inclusiva em nosso país. Compreendeu-se que os termos criança, aluno, deficiência, educação infantil, inclusão e educação inclusiva foram conceitos-chave na divulgação da política de educação especial para a educação infantil numa perspectiva inclusiva. O presente estudo possibilitou caracterizar a proposição política para a educação infantil brasileira na perspectiva inclusiva, mediante a identificação e apreensão dos conceitos que embasam o discurso político e a proposta de estruturação dos serviços de educação especial na creche e pré-escola da rede regular de ensino. A pesquisa revelou que a proposição política para a educação infantil inclusiva se materializa na subordinação dos saberes às práticas e da disponibilização dos serviços tradicionais da Educação especial na creche e pré-escola, às quais é imputado o lugar de convívio harmonioso da diversidade
Global synergistic actions to improve brain health for human development
No full textThe global burden of neurological disorders is substantial and increasing, especially in low-resource settings. The current increased global interest in brain health and its impact on population wellbeing and economic growth, highlighted in the World Health Organization’s new Intersectoral Global Action Plan on Epilepsy and other Neurological Disorders 2022–2031, presents an opportunity to rethink the delivery of neurological services. In this Perspective, we highlight the global burden of neurological disorders and propose pragmatic solutions to enhance neurological health, with an emphasis on building global synergies and fostering a ‘neurological revolution’ across four key pillars — surveillance, prevention, acute care and rehabilitation — termed the neurological quadrangle. Innovative strategies for achieving this transformation include the recognition and promotion of holistic, spiritual and planetary health. These strategies can be deployed through co-design and co-implementation to create equitable and inclusive access to services for the promotion, protection and recovery of neurological health in all human populations across the life course
Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: The consensus view on the peopling of the Americas is that ancestors of modern Native Americans entered the Americas from Siberia via the Bering Land Bridge and that this occurred at least ~14.6 thousand years ago (ka). However, the number and timing of migrations into the Americas remain controversial, with conflicting interpretations based on anatomical and genetic evidence.
RATIONALE: In this study, we address four major unresolved issues regarding the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans: (i) the timing of their divergence from their ancestral group, (ii) the number of migrations into the Americas, (iii) whether there was ~15,000 years of isolation of ancestral Native Americans in Beringia (Beringian Incubation Model), and (iv) whether there was post-Pleistocene survival of relict populations in the Americas related to Australo-Melanesians, as suggested by apparent differences in cranial morphologies between some early (“Paleoamerican”) remains and those of more recent Native Americans. We generated 31 high-coverage modern genomes from the Americas, Siberia, and Oceania; 23 ancient genomic sequences from the Americas dating between ~0.2 and 6 ka; and SNP chip genotype data from 79 present-day individuals belonging to 28 populations from the Americas and Siberia. The above data sets were analyzed together with published modern and ancient genomic data from worldwide populations, after masking some present-day Native Americans for recent European admixture.
RESULTS: Using three different methods, we determined the divergence time for all Native Americans (Athabascans and Amerindians) from their Siberian ancestors to be ~20 ka, and no earlier than ~23 ka. Furthermore, we dated the divergence between Athabascans (northern Native American branch, together with northern North American Amerindians) and southern North Americans and South and Central Americans (southern Native American branch) to be ~13 ka. Similar divergence times from East Asian populations and a divergence time between the two branches that is close in age to the earliest well-established archaeological sites in the Americas suggest that the split between the branches occurred within the Americas. We additionally found that several sequenced Holocene individuals from the Americas are related to present-day populations from the same geographical regions, implying genetic continuity of ancient and modern populations in some parts of the Americas over at least the past 8500 years. Moreover, our results suggest that there has been gene flow between some Native Americans from both North and South America and groups related to East Asians and Australo-Melanesians, the latter possibly through an East Asian route that might have included ancestors of modern Aleutian Islanders. Last, using both genomic and morphometric analyses, we found that historical Native American groups such as the Pericúes and Fuego-Patagonians were not “relicts” of Paleoamericans, and hence, our results do not support an early migration of populations directly related to Australo-Melanesians into the Americas.
CONCLUSION: Our results provide an upper bound of ~23 ka on the initial divergence of ancestral Native Americans from their East Asian ancestors, followed by a short isolation period of no more than ~8000 years, and subsequent entrance and spread across the Americas. The data presented are consistent with a single-migration model for all Native Americans, with later gene flow from sources related to East Asians and, indirectly, Australo-Melanesians. The single wave diversified ~13 ka, likely within the Americas, giving rise to the northern and southern branches of present-day Native Americans
