206 research outputs found
[[alternative]]Author Correction: Transgenic refractory aedes aegypti lines are resistant to multiple serotypes of dengue virus (Scientific Reports, (2021), 11, 1, (23865), 10.1038/s41598-021-03229-4)
No full text[[abstract]]The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Anna-Bella Failloux which was incorrectly given as Anna-Bella Failoux. The original Article has been corrected
Laughter and madness in post-war American fiction
No full textTwo philosophical positions seem evident in post-war American fiction: one
realist, one anti-realist. Using the terms 'revelation' and 'apocalypse' to reflect the
former, and 'entropy' the latter, this thesis proposes that distinctions between the two
can be made by analysis of a text's treatment of the nexus between laughter and
madness.
After an Overview that identifies and defines key terms, the Introduction
considers various theoretical treatments of laughter from which its function can be
ascertained as being both to reinforce stability within social groups and to explore
new alternatives to existing modes of thought. Madness being defined as an inability
to balance the opposing forces of system and anti-system, laughter is therefore vital
to maintain sanity. The Fool emerges as a crucial figure in this process.
Chapter One explores, with reference to Heller's Catch-22, Kesey's One Flew
Over the Cuckoo's Nest and Kerouac's On The Road, the Laughter of Revelation: a
laughing relationship between a Protagonist who is trapped within the system of an
Institution and a Fool who communicates to the Protagonist (through laughter) a
means of escape. Chapter Two then discusses, with reference to Blatty's The
Exorcist, King's It, Morrison's Sula, and Nabokov's Lolita, the Laughter of
Apocalypse: a laughing relationship in which the Fool's laughter (as mockery) is
potentially destructive of both the Protagonist's sanity and the stability of the
Institution. Chapter Three explores, with reference to Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-5,
Ellis's American Psycho, and Heller's Closing Time, the Laughter of Entropy: the
failure of the laughing relationship that obtains when the dialectic between Institution
(as system) and Fool (as anti-system) collapses.
The concluding remarks reflect the metafictional implications of the foregoing
analyses. It is suggested that, with the collapse of this dialectic (expressed by the
Laughter of Entropy), the traditional relationship between Author and Reader
becomes problematic
Obtenção de nanopartículas de PLLA e nanopartículas blenda PLLA/PMMA e PLLA/PS para incorporação de um análogo da isoniazida
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia QuímicaNanopartículas poliméricas apresentam grande potencial de aplicação como carreadores de fármacos. Suas características típicas de liberação lenta e sustentada, além da viabilidade de aplicação através de variadas rotas de administração, favorecem o aumento da biodisponibilidade do fármaco e a redução dos efeitos colaterais. Polímeros biocompatíveis e biodegradáveis apresentam características importantes para aplicação biomédica como sistemas nanoparticulados. No entanto, algumas propriedades dos biopolímeros como o alto grau de cristalinidade dificultam seu processamento. Nanopartículas blendas de biopolímeros e polímeros sintéticos derivados do petróleo constituem uma alternativa para a obtenção de novos produtos, que apresentam propriedades complementares interessantes para uso em sistemas de liberação sustentada de fármacos. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de nanopartículas de PLLA (poli(L-ácido lático) e nanopartículas blenda de PLLA/PMMA (poli(metacrilato de metila)) e PLLA/PS (poliestireno) através da técnica de miniemulsificação/ evaporação do solvente, polimerização em miniemulsão e polimerização em emulsão semeada para incorporação de um fármaco hidrofóbico análogo da isoniazida. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a estabilidade das miniemulsões de PLLA e o diâmetro médio das nanopartículas são diretamente influenciados pela concentração de polímero, bem como pelo tipo de surfactante e solvente orgânico. As imagens de microscopia (MET) aliadas às temperaturas de transição vítrea (determinadas por DSC) apontam para a formação de blendas de PLLA/PMMA miscíveis através da técnica de miniemulsificação/evaporação do solvente e imiscíveis por polimerização em miniemulsão. A morfologia encontrada para as nanopartículas de PLLA/PS indica a formação de uma blenda imiscível com estruturas do tipo casca-núcleo. Foi possível incorporar até 5% de fármaco (m/m, em relação à massa de PLLA) às nanopartículas sem que ocorresse a perda de estabilidade das miniemulsões e com eficiência de encapsulação superior a 85%. As nanopartículas blenda de PLLA/PMMA, em especial aquelas com maior concentração de PMMA, apresentaram maior eficiência de encapsulação (aproximadamente 90%).Polymeric nanoparticles have considerable potential for drug delivery system purposes. Their typical slow and sustained release, as well as feasibility of variable routes of administration, enables improvement of drug bioavailability and reduction of side effects. Biocompatible and biodegradable polymers have interesting characteristics for biomedical application as nanoparticulated systems. On the other hand, some properties of the biopolymers such as high crystallinity encumber their processing. Bio/synthetic (petroleum-derived) polymers nanoparticle blend represents an alternative to the development of new materials with improved properties for the drug delivery systems use. This work discusses the development of PLLA (poli(L-lactic acid)) nanoparticles and PLLA/PMMA (poli(methyl methacrylate)) and PLLA/PS (polystyrene) nanoparticle blends by miniemulsification/solvent evaporation, miniemulsion and seeded emulsion polymerization methods for hydrophobic drug-loaded nanoparticle application. The results show that PLLA miniemulsions stability and nanoparticle size suffer direct influence by the polymer concentration, surfactant type and polymer solvent. Regarding the nanoparticles blend, the preparation method and PMMA presence induced the PLLA crystallinity loss. The microscopic images (TEM) and glass transition temperatures (specified by DSC) indicate the formation of miscible PLLA/PMMA blends obtained by miniemulsification/solvent evaporation technique; and imiscible by miniemulsion polymerization. The PLLA/PS nanoparticles morphology indicates towards the formation of an immiscible blend with core-shell structures. Stable drug loaded nanoparticles and encapsulation efficiency of 85% were obtained with up to 5% of drug (wt/wt, relative to the PLLA mass). The nanoparticle PLLA/PMMA blends, particularly those with larger PMMA concentration, exhibited better encapsulation efficiency (approximately 90%)
Identity and dislocation in Caribbean women's literature: a study of the writings of Velma Pollard
No full textJamaican-born Velma Pollard has been publishing poetry and short stories for nearly
thirty years. Her first poems appeared in the 1970s, her first volume of short stories in
1989, and her first novel in 1994. Despite this considerable literary output, in the evergrowing
critical literature on Caribbean women's writing Pollard's work has not attracted
any of the scholarly treatment accorded to other writers. Given this lack of critical
attention to Pollard's considerable body of work, this thesis aims to provide the first
detailed and contextualised study of her writings (excluding the majority of her poetry
and of her writings on linguistics), and to accord Pollard the recognition her work
deserves.
Chapter 1 of this thesis situates Pollard's writings in the context of Caribbean
(women's) literature, and writings on identity, dislocations and (Caribbean) migration. I
argue that Pollard's principal contribution to Caribbean literature is found in her
engagement with two main subjects, return migration and relationships (male-female and
female-female), within a wider context of debates on identity and dislocation.
Chapter 2 introduces Pollard's work by way of a general discussion of her novella
Karl, which won the Casa de las Americas literary award in 1992. I consider Karl to be
central to Pollard's work, not least because it features many of the themes explored by
her later writings, including her novel, Homestretch, which is the subject of Chapter 3.
Pollard's first novel, Homestretch, which was published in 1994, explores the themes
of identity and dislocation through the experiences of 'return migrants' and 'repeat
migrants' and their comparison of life in England, the United States and Jamaica. The
novel chronicles how these migrants come to reconnect with and accept their cultural
heritage.
In chapters 4 and 5 I discuss selected stories taken from Pollard's two collections
of short stories, Considering Woman ('Cages', 'My Sisters', 'My Mother', and 'Gran') and
from Karl and Other Stories ('A Night's Tale', 'Miss Chandra', 'Betsy Hyde', and 'Altamont
Jones'). In these stories Pollard explores male-female relationships and the lives of
several generations and a wide range of Caribbean women and men. Pollard utilises the
West Indian setting, speech, situations and conflicts in these stories to graphically
describe familiar Caribbean role models and to provide a narrative and literary
examination of the frustrations and conflicting desires of women in the region.
In my conclusion, I address the ethnographic quality and significance of her work,
and its contribution to an understanding of the Caribbean
A STUDY OF DICOBALT OCTACARBONYL ISOMERIZATION VIA ULTRAFAST 2DIR EXCHANGE SPECTROSCOPY
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (email to J.M.A.: [email protected])Two dimensional Infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy probes the carbonyl stretching band near 2000 cm to investigate the dynamics of dicobalt octacarbonyl structural rearrangements. At equilibrium, dicobalt octacarbonyl exists as three isomers that can undergo interconversion. The interconversion between two of the isomers is observed through changes in crosspeaks in the 2DIR exchange spectrum with increased waiting time T. Isomerization occurs on the 10 ps second timescale, which is considerably faster than the roughly 100 ps vibrational lifetime. Analysis of these crosspeaks yields the rates of interconversion, while temperature dependence enables extraction of the energy barriers between the isomeric forms
Joannis Sleidani De Statv Religionis Et Reipvblicae Carolo Qvinto Caesare Commentarii ; Pars I.
No full textJOANNIS SLEIDANI DE STATV RELIGIONIS ET REIPVBLICAE CAROLO QVINTO CAESARE COMMENTARII ; PARS I.
Joannis Sleidani De Statv Religionis Et Reipvblicae Carolo Qvinto Caesare Commentarii (-)
Joannis Sleidani De Statv Religionis Et Reipvblicae Carolo Qvinto Caesare Commentarii ; Pars I. (Ps. 1) (1)
Fotodokumentation (-)
Cover (1)
Title page (3)
Titelblatt (6)
Praefatio (8)
Author Typographis (22)
Author Lectori (23)
Widmung (25)
Ioan. Sleidani Apologia (35)
Comment. Liber I. (42)
Comment. Liber II. (111)
Comment. Liber III. (159)
Comment. Liber IV. (213)
Comment. Liber V. (286)
Comment. Liber VI. (335)
Comment. Liber VII. (405)
Comment. Liber VIII. (469)
Comment. Liber IX. (520)
Errata (580
An?lise metabol?mica de c?lices de Hibisco (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) e avali??o fitoqu?mica e antioxidante in vitro de suas infus?es
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Previous issue date: 2019A comunidade acad?mica t?m estudado exaustivamente o hibisco devido ?s diversas alega??es
de sa?de relacionadas ? sua rica composi??o, como antihipertensiva, antitumoral,
antimicrobiana, diur?tica dentre outras, ocasionando um crescimento exponencial em seu
consumo, especialmente na forma de ch?. Espera-se que durante o processo de infus?o, os
compostos fen?licos presentes no c?lice do hibisco migrem para bebida conferindo a esta suas
propriedades. Logo o presente trabalho se dividiu em duas etapas: A primeira objetivou detectar
e identificar os principais compostos presentes no ch? de hibisco comercial, por espectrometria
de massas com ioniza??o por paper spray. A segunda etapa foi realizar o delineamento
composto central rotacional visando avaliar a influ?ncia dos parametros temperatura, tempo de
infus?o e volume de ?gua no teor de compostos fen?licos, flavon?ides, na atividade
antioxidante e na presen?a de classes de compostos atrav?s da triagem fitoqu?mica. As mesmas
ser?o apresentadas na sess?o cinco, nos cap?tulos 1 e 2 no formato de artigo. Os resultados do
delineamento experimental n?o convergiram para um ponto ?timo de extra??o, por?m foi
poss?vel observar a influ?ncia significativa dos par?metros escolhidos nas vari?veis resposta.
Quanto ? espectrometria de massas, A an?lise do PS-MS nos modos positivo e negativo
permitiu a identifica??o de v?rias subst?ncias, entre elas, ?cidos org?nicos, a??cares,
flavonoides e antocianinas como luteolina 7-O- diglucuronideo, delfinidina-3-O-hexosideo,
cianidina-3-O-sambubios?deo, dentre outros, sendo poss?vel comprovar a presen?a de diversos
compostos bioativos na infus?o comercial.Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2019.The academic community has extensively studied the hibiscus because of the various health
claims related to its rich composition, such as antihypertensive, antitumor, antimicrobial,
diuretic among others, causing an exponential growth in its consumption, especially in the form
of tea. It is expected that during the infusion process, the phenolic compounds present in the
calyx of the hibiscus migrate to the beverage conferring thereon their properties. The present
work was divided in two stages: First, to detect and identify the main compounds present in
commercial hibiscus tea, following the manufacturer's guidelines, by mass spray ionization
mass spectrometry. The second step was to perform the central rotational compound design
aiming to evaluate the influence of parameters temperature, infusion time and water volume on
the content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and the presence of classes
of compounds through phytochemical screening. They will be presented in session five,
chapters 1 and 2 in the article format. The results of the experimental delineation did not
converge to an optimal point of extraction, but it was possible to observe the significant
influence of the parameters chosen in the response variables. Analysis of PS-MS in the positive
and negative modes allowed the identification of various substances, including organic acids,
sugars, flavonoids and anthocyanins such as 7-O-diglucuronide luteolin, delphinidin-3-Ohexoside,
cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside, among others, and it is possible to prove the presence
of several bioactive compounds in the commercial infusion
Comparative characterization of digestate versus pig slurry and cow manure – Chemical composition and effects on soil microbial activity
No full textThe growing number of biogas plants in Europe has resulted in increased production of nutrient-rich digestate with great potential as fertilizer for arable land. The nutrient composition of digestate varies with the substrate treated in the biogas plant and may contain compounds that stimulate or inhibit soil microbial activity. This study compared 20 digestates (D) with 10 pig slurries (PS) and 10 cow manures (CM) regarding their chemical content and their effect on soil microbial activities, i.e. potential ammonia oxidation rate (PAO) and soil respiration. The results showed no significant differences within the D group when divided based on substrate type. i.e. manure dominated vs. other organic waste materials in any of the tests. In general D contained significantly higher concentrations of ammonium while the concentrations of total carbon and volatile fatty acids were higher in PS and CM than in D. The D showed both stimulating and inhibiting effects on PAO, while all CM and all PS except one showed inhibiting effects on PAO. However, PAO activity was negatively correlated with the content of volatile fatty acids in the residues indicating that these compounds may be the cause of the inhibition. The maximum respiration activity (hpeakmax) was lower and the time point for the maximum respiration activity (t(peakmax))occurred earlier for D compared with CM and PS. This earlier peak time could be indicative of a high proportion of easily degradable carbon in D compared with PS and CM. However, the utilization rate of carbon, i.e. the proportion of added organic C converted to CO2-C during 12 days, did not differ significantly between D, PS and CM, indicating that overall carbon quality in the different fertilizers was still roughly comparable. In short, our results suggest that digestates were different compared with PS and CM but without posing a higher risk with respect to their impact on soil microbial activity. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd
Proxies for paleo-oxygenation: a downcore comparison between benthic foraminiferal surface porosity and I/Ca
No full textBenthic foraminiferal surface porosity (the mean percentage of surface area covered by pores; higher porosity: lower oxygenation) and iodine to calcium ratio (I/Ca, higher I/Ca: higher oxygenation) are both promising paleoceanographic proxies that will advance through testing in down-core studies. Here we report the first down-core comparison (~45 kyr) of these proxies for a core from the southern Brazilian margin (26°40.22′ S, 46°26.46′ W, 475 m water depth). Both proxies are most sensitive to low-O~2~ conditions (< 50 µmol/kg), and not well-constrained at higher O~2~ concentrations. Porosity values are generally low (< 15%) and I/Ca ranges between ~4 and ~6 µmol/mol throughout the core. The two proxies are overall consistent, suggesting that bottom-water oxygen concentrations at the site remained above 50 µmol/kg during the last 45 kyr. Several non-O~2~ factors (e.g., iodate reduction rates, water mass mixing, temperature, foraminiferal shell robustness) could influence the proxies and require further investigation
The correlation between reading and mathematics ability at age twelve has a substantial genetic component.
No full textDissecting how genetic and environmental influences impact on learning is helpful for maximizing numeracy and literacy. Here we show, using twin and genome-wide analysis, that there is a substantial genetic component to children's ability in reading and mathematics, and estimate that around one half of the observed correlation in these traits is due to shared genetic effects (so-called Generalist Genes). Thus, our results highlight the potential role of the learning environment in contributing to differences in a child's cognitive abilities at age twelve
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