1,721,153 research outputs found
La politique fiscale agit-elle sur la croissance ?
No full textIs Economie Growth Affected by Taxation Policy ?
Since Barro [1991], there is a growing empirical literature devoted to the determinants of economic growth. This literature fails, however, to take into account the role of taxation. It is important to analyse the effects of taxation when drastic taxation reforms are implemented. In this paper we attempt to evaluate the magnitude of some taxation ratios on economic growth using an international pooled cross-section sample. We find that the global taxation shares of GDP reduce the growth rates and that taxes on trade are the most harmful.A la suite de Barro [1991], un grand nombre de travaux sont consacrés à l'analyse empirique des facteurs de la croissance économique, mais ils omettent le plus souvent de tenir compte de la fiscalité. Cette omission est d'autant plus surprenante que beaucoup de pays ont mis en oeuvre, dans les deux dernières décennies, des réformes visant à réduire les distorsions d'origine fiscale. L'objectif de cet article est de pallier cette lacune par une analyse de l'influence de la fiscalité sur la croissance à partir de séries internationales en pooling. Deux résultats essentiels sont obtenus : le taux de prélèvement global par rapport au produit est un facteur de moindre croissance. De plus, la croissance est défavorablement affectée par la part des impôts assis sur le commerce extérieur dans les recettes globales.Brun Jean-François, Chambas Gérard, Combes Jean-Louis. La politique fiscale agit-elle sur la croissance ?. In: Revue d'économie du développement, 6e année N°2, 1998. pp. 115-125
La politique budgétaire et ses effets de seuil sur l’activité en Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest-Africaine (UEMOA)
No full textIn 1999, WAEMU (West African Economic and Monetary Union) countries adopted a Convergence Pact. Its main goal is to constrain national fiscal policies so as to prevent macroeconomic imbalances and preserve the credibility of the common currency. While budgetary efforts may cause recession through Keynesian mechanisms , threshold effects may also exist in the relationship between fiscal policy and economic activity. The authors test a model in which the fiscal-policy effects are conditional upon the external public-debt ratio. Endogenous threshold modeling is applied from Hansen (1999). On average, African States exert a Keynesian influence on GDP when debt ratios are less than 83 %.Les pays de l’UEMOA ont adopté, en 1999, un pacte de convergence, de stabilité, de croissance et de solidarité. Le but premier du pacte est d’imposer des contraintes aux politiques budgétaires nationales de manière à prévenir les déséquilibres macro-économiques et préserver la crédibilité de la monnaie commune. Si les efforts budgétaires peuvent entraîner une récession par la mise en jeu des multiplicateurs keynésiens, des effets de seuil peuvent également exister dans la relation entre la politique budgétaire et l’activité. L’objectif de cet article est de tester un modèle dans lequel les effets de la politique budgétaire sont conditionnels au taux d ’ endettement public externe. En appliquant la logique de modélisation des seuils endogènes, initialement développée par Hansen (1999 ), il apparaît qu’en moyenne les États africains ont exercé une influence de type keynésien sur le produit intérieur lorsque le taux d’endettement est inférieur à 83 %.Plane Patrick, Combes Jean-Louis, Ary Tanimoune Nasser. La politique budgétaire et ses effets de seuil sur l’activité en Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest-Africaine (UEMOA) . In: Économie & prévision, n°186, 2008-5. Économie du développement et de la transition, sous la direction de Pierre Malgrange et Patrick Plane. pp. 145-162
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Inflation targeting and fiscal policy volatility: Evidence from developing countries
No full textInternational audienceThis paper studies the effect of inflation targeting (IT) on fiscal policy volatility. Using data for 83 developing countries over 1985-2020, estimations based on impact analysis methods reveal that IT adoption reduces fiscal policy volatility. This result is robust when using a wide set of alternative specifications related to additional control variables, different samples, alternative measures of the main variables, or alternative estimation methods. Consequently, contributing to the ongoing literature on fiscal policy volatility, our results suggest that reforms of the monetary policy management in the form of IT adoption may provide a useful policy for fighting fiscal discretion towards a reduction of fiscal policy volatility
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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