12 research outputs found
Hetkessä on kaikki : dialogisuuden ja kehollisen vuorovaikutuksen mahdollisuudet lasten ja aikuisten yhteisessä liikeimprovisaatiossa
No full textTässä kirjallisessa opinnäytteessäni tarkastelen tutkimusta, jonka toteutin keväällä 2015 aikuisten ja 1-6-vuotiaiden lasten parissa. Tutkimus syntyi halusta etsiä minulle taiteilijana ja pedagogina sopivaa lähestymistapaa aikuisten ja lasten yhteisille tanssitunneille, joiden suosio on viime vuosina esimerkiksi taiteen perusopetuksessa kasvanut. En kuitenkaan halunnut sijoittaa tutkimusta itselleni tutuimpaan maastoon taiteen perusopetuksen kentälle, vaan lähestyä aihetta itsenäisesti vapaalla taidekentällä, toiminnan muotona aikuisten ja lasten yhteinen liikeimprovisaatio. Teoreettiseksi lähtökohdaksi valitsin maisteriopintojeni aikana ajatteluuni merkittävästi vaikuttaneen dialogisuusfilosofian, joka oli saanut minut pohtimaan taideopetusta kohtaamisen, vuorovaikutuksen ja eettisyyden kannalta. Teorian soveltaminen käytännön opetustilanteisiin tuotti runsaasti ajatuksia, pohdintoja ja kasvua pedagogina, jota pyrin tässä työssä tekemään näkyväksi. Aikuisten ja lasten yhteisillä tunneilla halusin erityisesti tutkia kehollisen vuorovaikutuksen ja tasavertaisuuden toteutumisen mahdollisuuksia, dialogisen asennoitumisen muodostaessa perustan toiminnalle. Lisäksi tavoitteena oli luoda prosessin aikana näistä lähtökohdista käsin jonkinlainen esityksellinen kokonaisuus. Toteutin tutkimukseni taiteellisena toimintatutkimuksena, mikä mahdollisti tekijälähtöisen ja tarpeiden mukaan joustavasti muuntuvan tavan tehdä taidetta ja tutkimusta samanaikaisesti. Tutkimuksen aikana keräämäni aineisto koostui omista havainnoistani ja työpäiväkirjapohdinnoistani sekä työryhmän kanssa käydyistä keskusteluista ja heiltä saadusta palautteesta. Lisäksi käytin havaintojen tukena videotaltiointeja harjoituksista ja esityksistä. Tutkimus koostui kolmesta ajallisesti ja teemallisesti toisiinsa kytkeytyneistä vaiheista: työpajajaksosta, teoksen valmistamisesta ja esityksistä. Kaikkien osien yhteisenä tavoitteena oli tarkastella kriittisesti toimintaani taiteilijana ja pedagogina. Tutkimuksen tuloksina esittelen prosessin aikana syntyneitä oivalluksia ja muuttunutta ajatteluani, Oma kupla -työtapaa sekä Omassa kuplassa -taideteosta. Tutkimuksen aikana sen uudeksi tehtäväksi muodostui perinteisten opettaja–oppilas-, aikuinen–lapsi-, sekä esiintyjä–katsoja-hierarkioiden purkaminen. Havaintojeni pohjalta syntyneiden oivallusten myötä koen, että dialogisen asenteen mukainen pedagogiikka edellyttää luopumista perinteisestä opettajan roolista sekä toimintaa koskevista ennakko-odotuksista ja tulostavoitteista. Lapsen ja aikuisen välisen dialogisuuden toteutuminen on mahdollista kehollisen ja pitkälti sanattoman vuorovaikutuksen keinoin, kun aikuinen asettuu lapsen kanssa yhteiselle ei-tietämisen tasolle ja herkistyy käsillä olevaan hetkeen. Työpajatyöskentelyn ja teoksen valmistamisvaiheen sivutuotteena muodostui Oma kupla -työtapa, joka käsittää työpajan ja sen pohjalta syntyvän Omassa kuplassa -teoksen. Teos pyrkii tekemään näkyväksi prosessin aikana muodostuneen tapahtumisen tilan sekä purkamaan perinteistä esiintyjä–katsoja-hierarkiaa mahdollistamalla katsojien osallistumisen esitykseen, sekä sallimalla esiintyjän ja katsojan roolin vaihtelun esityksen aikana. Tutkimukseni on hyvin omakohtainen ja tekijänä olen ollut myös osa tutkimuskohdettani. Kuitenkin toivon, että työni toimii puheenvuorona lasten ja aikuisten yhteisen kehollisen toiminnan merkityksestä ja tärkeydestä taidepedagogisella kentällä
Drawn into Dancing and Danced into Drawing: Exploring Deleuze’s Lines of Flight through Dancing–Drawing Approaches in Early Childhood Dance Pedagogies
No full textThis article explores Deleuze and Guattari’s (1987) notion of ‘lines of flight’ as a philosophical concept and a phenomenon in dance pedagogical learning events by focusing on approaches combining dancing and drawing in an early childhood educational context. I share how the enquiry has been guided not only through the concept of thinking with theory (Jackson and Mazzei 2023) but also through dancing with theory through a series of creative approaches.
This study is situated in the field of artistic research, with its theoretical framework in post-human theories (Barad 2007), intra-active pedagogy (Lenz Taguchi 2010) and assemblage (Deleuze and Guattari 1987) thinking. Diffractive reading (Barad 2007) is used in narrating the key moments, theorised as translations, that have been significant in researching the lines of flight and the intra-active relationship between drawing and dancing.
The central claim is that working with dancing– drawing assemblages may expand children’s potential entry points and modes of participation. This can support more diverse, inclusive and participatory forms of dance pedagogies. Through dancing–drawing approaches, dance improvisation may become a mode of multimodal meaning-making, fostering rich and varied artistic experiences for children where embodied and artistic thinking intersect in novel ways
The impact of digitalization on firm performance : examining the role of digital culture and the effect of supply chain capability
No full textPurpose
The study examines the impact of digital platforms and supply chain capability on operational performance and tests the mediation effect of supply chain capability. Further, the purpose is to examine the moderating effect of digital culture and sharpen our knowledge of how organizational culture as a contextual factor affects the firm's digitalization.
Design/methodology/approach
The data were harvested from 194 Finnish manufacturing companies, and structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The findings show that digital platforms positively and significantly affect supply chain capability. Moreover, supply chain capability mediates the relation between digital platforms and operational performance. Further, this study confirms that digital culture is a contextual factor that explains the differences in the effects of digital platforms on firm performance.
Originality/value
This study is one of the first attempts to examine the effect of digital culture in the context of digital platforms, supply chain capabilities, and operational performance.© Tuire Hautala-Kankaanpää. Published by Emerald Publishing Limited. This article is published
under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Anyone may reproduce, distribute,
translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The author gratefully acknowledges the financial support from the Foundation of Economic
Education, Finnish Cultural fund and University of Vaasa. In addition, author wants to thank the
reviewers for their suggested valuable and thorough feedback, which improved the contents of this paper.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed
Yhteistyössä onnistumisen avaimet : Selvitys ryhmädynamiikasta, työmuodoista, muutoksesta ja valmentavasta johtamisesta
No full textOpinnäytetyö tehtiin toimeksiantona Palveluliiketoimeen kuuluvalle Kiinteistönhoitopalveluille. Tavoitteena oli sekä auttaa johtamistyössä että valottaa työpaikalla koettujen muutosten teoreettisia perusteita vuoden 2012 organisaatiomuutoksen yhteydessä. Työ kirjoitettiin Kiinteistönhoitopalveluiden esimiehille eli organisaatiomuutoksessa tulleille uuden toimenkuvan haltijoille eli kiinteistötyönjohtajille ja heidän esimiehilleen aluepäälliköille. Opinnäytetyö on selvitys ja sen perusteena kirjoituspöytätutkimus, jossa ulkoisten lähteiden keruun ja analysoinnin lisäksi käytettiin myös kvalitatiivisia tiedonkeruumenetelmiä.
Materiaali opinnäytetyöhön kerättiin pääosin työsuhteen aikana syksyllä 2011, ja työ valmistui kokonaisuudessaan keväällä 2012. Materiaalit kerättiin osallistuen, havainnoiden, haastattelemalla, ja työpaikan ohjeistusten ja toimenkuvien analysoinnin perusteella. Kiinteistönhoito -liikelaitokselta (nykyään Kiinteistönhoitopalvelut) hankittua tietoa peilattiin työssä muutokseen ja työpaikalla esille otettuihin aiheisiin liittyviin teorioihin.
Työn avainkohdat valittiin opinnäytetyötyön keväällä kerätyn materiaalin ja erityisesti kokouksissa nousseiden aiheiden perusteella. Kokousten, kiinteistönhoidon toimitusjohtajan ja työlle nimetyn työpaikan ohjaajan kanssa käytyjen keskustelujen perusteella valittiin työn avainkohdiksi organisaation tuomat uudet vastuut, tulevan esimiehin eli kiinteistö-työnjohtajan työn avustaminen esittelemällä eri ryhmäytysmuotoja tiimeistä työryhmien käyttämiseen, muita huomioitavia kohtia, joita esimies voisi käyttää yhteistyön lisäämiseen ja edellä mainittuihin sopivan valmentavan johtamisen esittelyn. Työhön lisättiin tiedot sekä organisaatiomuutoksesta, että tilaaja-tuottajamallista. Organisaatiomuutoksen, muiden työyhteisössä tapahtuneiden muutosten ja esimiehen auttamistavoitteen vuoksi lisättiin myös tietoa muutosjohtamisesta.
Kiinteistöpalveluissa oli ennestään suuresti osaamista erilaisista työryhmämalleista, niiden kehittämisestä, eri mallien hyvistä ja huonoista puolista. Näiden lisäksi vaikuttaa sille, että vuoden 2012 organisaatiomuutokseen valmistauduttiin hyvin. Osasta opinnäytetyössä esitellyistä teorioista oli työpaikalla saatavilla enemmän tietoa kuin toisista.This thesis was made to City of Espoo’s Kiinteistönhoitopalvelut (a real estate maintenance service enterprise), which is a part of Espoo Palveluliiketoimi (unit of city enterprise which is governed by the municipal laws). It is a desk study and a detailed account about organizational change in Palveluliiketoimi at the beginning of 2012. It was done as a commission while working in the mentioned organization. The desk study was done for the leaders and managers of Kiinteistönhoitopalvelut, mainly for the employees with a new post like kiinteistötyönjohtaja (maintenance supervisors). It was also made to their superiors.
The material for this desk study was gathered mainly in September–October 2011, when the author of the thesis was working for the former Kiinteistönhoito -liikelaitos which changed to Kiinteistönhoitopalvelut in the beginning of 2012. The materials were gathered through participating and observing meetings, through interviews, and from the documents regarding the change, new posts and change in their responsibilities. The material was then analysed and compared to the theories involved.
Primary points in the thesis were selected analyzing the data that was gathered in the beginning of September. The managing director of the Kiinteistönhoito –liikelaitos and the nominated instructor for the work from the KHL were interwieved for the study. The selected key points for the commission were as follow: the new common responsibilities, helping new maintenance supervisors by presenting different grouping methods and theories involved, and other helpful points to help them to succeed with the common responsibilities and increasing cooperation. Later some key points were added so that a third party person could read the thesis. They were: more facts upon purchaser-provider-model and organization change. The last primary point was selected when the third party reader and the demand to help the maintenance supervisors was considered more. Because of the ongoing change in the unit and the aim to help the superiors the study developed the sec-tion of the organizational change management
Brändistrategian laatiminen b-to-b-asiantuntijapalveluita tarjoavalle yritykselle
No full textOpinnäytetyö laadittiin toimeksiantona b-to-b-asiantuntijapalveluita tarjoavalle yritykselle, josta käytetään työn luottamuksellisuuden vuoksi nimeä Toimeksiantajayritys Oy. Yritys haluaa kehittää toimintaansa, sillä sen tunnettuus ja brändi-imago eivät ole toivotulla tasolla. Brändistrategian avulla on tarkoitus saada tähän muutos. Vahva brändi on Toimeksiantajayritykselle tärkeä etenkin asiakashankinnassa ja hintamielikuvan luomisessa, mutta sen tarkoitus on myös lisätä yrityksen kiinnostavuutta työpaikkana.
Työssä selvitettiin ensin, kuinka brändistrategia laaditaan etenkin Toimeksiantajayrityksen kaltaiselle yritykselle, ja mitä sen laatimisessa on syytä ottaa huomioon. Yrityksen toiveesta brändin visuaalista identiteettiä ei kuitenkaan käsitelty, ja myös brändistrategian jalkautus rajattiin työn ulkopuolelle. Näiden sijaan työhön sisällytettiin katsaus yrityksen brändiviestintään. Työn lopputuloksena syntyi perusteltu ehdotus Toimeksiantajayrityksen brändistrategiaksi sekä yrityksen brändiviestinnän linjauksiksi. Nämä osa-alueet ovat kuitenkin luottamuksellisia, eikä niitä ole siksi sisällytetty julkaistavaan työhön.
Brändistrategiaa varten haastateltiin Toimeksiantajayrityksen johtoa, työntekijöitä sekä nykyisiä ja potentiaalisia asiakkaita. Haastattelut olivat luottamuksellisia, ja vastauksia tarkasteltiin työssä kokonaisuutena.
Työ osoittaa, että brändistrategian laatimiseen ei ole yhtä ainoaa oikeaa tapaa ja että sitä käsittelevä kirjallisuus on varsin ristiriitaista. Brändistrategian laatiminen etenee samalla tavalla riippumatta siitä, onko kyse yritys- vai kuluttajamarkkinoilla toimivasta yrityksestä. Yritys- ja kuluttajamarkkinoilla toimivien yritysten brändiviestinnässä käytetään kuitenkin hieman eri kanavia ja keinoja. B-to-b-asiantuntijapalveluita tarjoaville yrityksille tyypillisin ratkaisu on toimia yhdellä brändillä.
Toimeksiantajayritykselle laadittu brändistrategia on toteuttamiskelpoinen ainakin teoriassa. Kilpailijoista oli kuitenkin haastavaa saada kattavasti tietoa, mikä saattaa vaikuttaa tulosten luotettavuuteen. Lisäksi yrityksen visio oli uudistettava ennen brändistrategian laatimista. Uuden vision laatiminen jäi opinnäytetyön tekijän vastuulle, mikä oli varsin poikkeuksellinen ratkaisu yritykseltä. Työstä on Toimeksiantajayritykselle joka tapauksessa todellista hyötyä, vaikka yritys ei päättäisikään toteuttaa brändistrategiaa sellaisenaan. Työ tarjoaa kattavan ja perustellun pohjan yrityksen toiminnan kehittämiseen.The purpose of this thesis was to collect information on how to create a brand strategy for a b-to-b company providing knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) and what should be taken into account in the process. Additionally, brand communication was discussed briefly because the company needs to effectively communicate its promises to the target groups. The study, however, did not cover visual brand identity or implementation of brand strategy. The goal was to provide the co-operating company (referred to as ‘Toimeksiantajayritys Oy’) with a comprehensive, well-founded and implementable brand strategy and brand communication guidelines. The company needs a brand strategy because it wants to improve its brand image and visibility in the market. The sections discussing the brand strategy and brand communication guidelines for the co-operating company are, however, confidential and not included in the paper.
The data for the study was collected through theme interviews with the management and personnel of the co-operating company. Furthermore, six customers and four potential customers were interviewed. All interviews were conducted confidentially.
The study revealed that there is no uniform view on creating a brand strategy. There are significant differences between the views of different experts in the field, and they use the terminology in an overlapping and conflicting way. The process of creating a brand strategy for a company is not affected by whether the company operates in the consumer or the business market, but b-to-b companies providing knowledge intensive business services typically use a single brand. Furthermore, the markets use different channels and ways of communication.
The brand strategy created for the co-operating company is implementable, at least in theory. However, obtaining adequate information on the competitors proved to be challenging, which might affect the reliability of the results. Furthermore, the company vision had to be revised before the brand strategy could be created. Producing the new company vision was assigned to the author, which was quite an exceptional decision on the part of the company. In any event, the thesis will be of actual use to the co-operating company even if it decides not to implement the brand strategy directly as it is, since it provides a comprehensive and well-founded basis for developing company operations
Contraceptive priorities among women seeking family planning services in Finland in 2017-2019
No full textObjective: To assess how women's reproductive history, contraceptive experience and need of abortion care are associated with priorities for contraception. Study Design: In this cross-sectional survey study, we gathered information on women's history of births and abortions, previous use and satisfaction with contraceptive methods, and features of contraceptive methods they value most. Women were recruited at public family planning and outpatient abortion clinics in the capital region of Helsinki, Finland. Results: Of the 1006 women responding, 502 were recruited during visits for abortion care and 504 for contraceptive counseling. Women seeking abortion care more often had a history of abortion than women seeking contraceptive counseling (44% vs 11%), presented with a higher mean number of different contraceptive methods used (69% vs 55% with more than 2 previous methods), and were less often satisfied with the methods used (36% vs 60% satisfied with 2 out of 3 methods), p < 0.001 for all. In addition, women seeking abortion care had lower odds of prioritizing effectiveness (aOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.5), and higher odds of prioritizing lower hormonal levels or non-hormonal alternatives (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3-3.2). There was no difference between the groups regarding priorities of lesser pelvic pain (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-1.1), regular period (aOR 01.2, 95% CI 0.8-1.9), or the method being easy to use (aOR 1.2, 95% CI 0.8-1.8). Conclusions: There is a contrast between guidelines emphasizing effectiveness in postabortion contraception, and many women's contraceptive priorities. Implication statement: Clinicians providing contraceptive counseling must be mindful of each individual's personal contraceptive priorities. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.Peer reviewe
Predictors of choosing long-acting reversible contraceptive methods when provided free-of-charge - A prospective cohort study in Finland
No full textObjective: To identify factors associated with choosing long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) (intrauterine device or contraceptive implant), when provided free-of-charge. Study design: This register-based cohort study comprises all women living in the city of Vantaa in the Helsinki metropolitan area during 2013-2014, with information on LARC initiations retrieved from electronic health records. Since January 2013, women in Vantaa can receive their first LARC method free-of-charge at public contraceptive clinics. We performed multivariable regression to assess seven predictors based on literature and four predictors based on gynecological history for association with choosing LARC in this population. Results: In 2013-2014, 9669 women entitled to a free-of-charge method visited a public clinic and 2035 (21.0%) women initiated LARC. Factors most associated with LARC initiation included history of delivery (odds ratio [OR] 5.4, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 4.7-6.2) and induced abortion (OR 1.4, 95%CI 1.2-1.6), and no previous visit at the clinic (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.2-1.5). Previous delivery was associated with LARC initiation in all age-groups (OR, 95%CI by age-group; 15-19 years: 10.8, 5.1-23.4; 20-24 years: 6.4, 4.9-8.3; 25-29 years: 6.7, 5.2-8.6; 30-44 years: 3.6, 2.9-4.6). Conclusion: History of delivery and induced abortion were strongly associated with choosing a LARC method, even though all women in the population were entitled to their first free-of-charge LARC method. The association was particularly strong among women less than 25 years of age. Implications statement: Untargeted provision of free-of-charge LARC in public contraceptive services reached women with previous delivery or abortion well during the programs first years. However, as LARCs are recommended to all women, future research should focus on how uptake evolves and how to reach all women in need of long-term, effective contraception. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe
Five-year follow-up of a randomized weight loss trial on a digital health behaviour change support system
No full textAbstract
Background:
The weight regain after successful weight loss is a common challenge. This study aimed to assess the long-term effectiveness of a web-based health behaviour change support system (HBCSS) utilizing persuasive systems design (PSD) and methods of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). We have previously demonstrated the two-year effectiveness of the HBCSS.
Methods:
In total, 532 participants with overweight or obesity (BMI 27–35 kg m−2) were split into three groups with different intensities of intervention: CBT-based group counselling, self-help guidance (SHG), and usual care. These groups were further divided into HBCSS and non-HBCSS groups. The HBCSS was a 52-week programme. The follow-up took five years in total.
Results:
Mean weight change (%) (95% CI) from baseline among HBCSS and non-HBCSS users was 1.5 (−0.02 to 2.9), p = 0.056 and 1.9 (0.3–3.3), p = 0.005, respectively, at five years. Of the six groups, the SHG group without HBCSS had a statistically significant increase in weight (%) from baseline at five years (3.1, 95% CI 0.6 to 5.6, p = 0.010). The other groups did not have a significant increase in weight. There was no significant difference between groups at five years in weight. Fewer blood pressure medications were started over the five-year period in HBCSS group (p = 0.046).
Conclusion:
The 12-month HBCSS intervention was not able to maintain reduced weight better than non-HBCSS at 5 years. However, there were significant weight difference favouring HBCSS over the whole 5-year period. The decrease in the need for antihypertensives suggests that the significant weight loss by HBCSS at early years has a health-promoting legacy effect.Abstract
Background:
The weight regain after successful weight loss is a common challenge. This study aimed to assess the long-term effectiveness of a web-based health behaviour change support system (HBCSS) utilizing persuasive systems design (PSD) and methods of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). We have previously demonstrated the two-year effectiveness of the HBCSS.
Methods:
In total, 532 participants with overweight or obesity (BMI 27–35 kg m−2) were split into three groups with different intensities of intervention: CBT-based group counselling, self-help guidance (SHG), and usual care. These groups were further divided into HBCSS and non-HBCSS groups. The HBCSS was a 52-week programme. The follow-up took five years in total.
Results:
Mean weight change (%) (95% CI) from baseline among HBCSS and non-HBCSS users was 1.5 (−0.02 to 2.9), p = 0.056 and 1.9 (0.3–3.3), p = 0.005, respectively, at five years. Of the six groups, the SHG group without HBCSS had a statistically significant increase in weight (%) from baseline at five years (3.1, 95% CI 0.6 to 5.6, p = 0.010). The other groups did not have a significant increase in weight. There was no significant difference between groups at five years in weight. Fewer blood pressure medications were started over the five-year period in HBCSS group (p = 0.046).
Conclusion:
The 12-month HBCSS intervention was not able to maintain reduced weight better than non-HBCSS at 5 years. However, there were significant weight difference favouring HBCSS over the whole 5-year period. The decrease in the need for antihypertensives suggests that the significant weight loss by HBCSS at early years has a health-promoting legacy effect
As redes cognitivas e a produção do conhecimento em ciência da informação no Brasil: um estudo nos periódicos da área
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da InformaçãoPesquisa que mapeou as redes cognitivas na área de Ciência da Informação no Brasil, a partir da análise de citações dos artigos publicados nos principais periódicos da área de Ciência da Informação, no período de 2001 a 2005. Considera que a Ciência da Informação é um campo científico emergente e interdisciplinar e que, por estar ainda em construção, necessita de estudos acerca da natureza, origens e limites do conhecimento na área, de forma que possibilitem a constituição da epistemologia da Ciência da Informação. Define como questões de pesquisa: Quais são as redes cognitivas mais significativas na construção do conhecimento científico da Ciência da Informação, no Brasil? Quais as influências teóricas mais presentes na construção do conhecimento em Ciência da Informação, no Brasil? Quais os autores mais influentes na construção do conhecimento na área, no Brasil? Estabelece como caminho metodológico para obtenção das respostas necessárias os pressupostos da metodologia reflexiva; para a abordagem do problema, a perspectiva quali-quantitativa; do ponto de vista de seus objetivos, o caráter exploratório-descritivo; e dos seus procedimentos técnicos, a pesquisa documental. Define como corpus de análise os artigos científicos publicados nas principais revistas brasileiras da área. Utiliza técnicas bibliométricas, especificamente a análise de citação, para a análise dos dados. Obtém como principais resultados: a indicação de que foram publicados 161 artigos científicos na área, por 295 autores; a identificação de grupo de autores mais produtivos que estão, em geral, vinculados às universidades e aos programas de pós-graduação da área; a percepção de que a temática mais incidente nos artigos está incluída no que se denominou Comunicação, Divulgação e Produção Editorial, conforme taxonomia adotada na pesquisa; a constatação de que os artigos de periódicos e os livros são os tipos de materiais mais citados; a revelação de que as influências teóricas mais presentes na construção do conhecimento na área advêm da Biblioteconomia, Administração e Sociologia; a identificação de que os autores mais influentes na construção do conhecimento são: Maria das Graças Targino, Suzana Pinheiro Machado Muller, Léa Velho, Aldo de Albuquerque Barreto, Bernadete Santos Campello, Nice Menezes de Figueiredo, Antônio Miranda, Dinah Aguiar Población e Lena Vânia Ribeiro Pinheiro, Arthur Jack Meadows e Pierre Bourdieu; a identificação de seis frentes de pesquisa, cada uma relacionada a uma temática de estudo da Ciência da Informação. Constata, considerando os resultados, que as redes cognitivas mais significativas na construção do conhecimento científico em Ciência da Informação, no Brasil, podem ser mapeadas a partir das principais comunidades estabelecidas pelas citações, que são compostas por afinidades temáticas, o que denota uma proximidade paradigmática, e pela proximidade institucional. Conclui que a Ciência da Informação brasileira é influenciada por um grupo de pesquisadores - principais autores dos artigos científicos publicados - que atua em universidades e estabelece, de certa forma, as diretrizes temáticas da área. A Ciência da Informação, no Brasil, é conduzida por um grupo específico, que acaba interferindo nas relações que esta estabelece para embasar o desenvolvimento dos estudos e pesquisas e, conseqüentemente, fortalece determinados enfoques da área e é responsável pelo envolvimento interdisciplinar da área no país. This research has mapped the cognitive nets in the Information Science area in Brazil, based on an analysis of the quotations present in published articles of the main journals of that area during the period between 2001 and 2005. It considers that Information is an emergent scientific field, also interdisciplinary, which is still under construction and, for that reason, requires a series of studies about the nature, sources and limits of knowledge in order to enable the constitution of its epistemology. The study defines the following research questions: Which are the most significant cognitive nets in the construction of the scientific knowledge of Information Science, in Brazil? Which are the most present theoretical influences in the construction of knowledge in such case? Which are the most influent authors in Brazil for the construction of knowledge in this field? The work establishes the reflexive methodology for obtaining the searched answers; the qualitative and quantitative perspective for issue approach; the exploratory and descriptive character for its objectives and the documental research for technical procedures. The defined corpus of analysis consists on scientific articles published in the main Brazilian journals of the studied area. It uses for data analysis the bibliometric techniques, more specifically the analysis of quotations. The main results are as follows: 161 scientific texts in the area have been published by 295 authors; the most productive group is formed by authors who are usually connected to universities and post graduation programmes in the area; according to the taxonomy adopted, the most incident thematic in the studied articles is that of Communication, Divulgation and Editorial Production; the articles in periodic journals and books are the most present type and the areas that most influence theoretically the construction of knowledge in the Information Science field are Biblioteconomics, Administration and Sociology. Also, the study has identified the most influent authors in the area (Maria das Graças Targino, Suzana Pinheiro Machado Muller, Léa Velho, Aldo de Albuquerque Barreto, Bernadete Santos Campello, Nice Menezes de Figueiredo, Antônio Miranda, Dinah Aguiar Población e Lena Vânia Ribeiro Pinheiro, Arthur Jack Meadows and Pierre Bourdieu), as well as six research fronts, each of them related to a studied theme in the Information Science. Based on the results, it is observed that the most significant cognitive nets for the construction of scientific knowledge in Information Science, in Brazil, can be mapped from the main communities established by the quotations, which are formed by institutional proximity and thematic affinity, showing a paradigmatic proximity. It has been concluded that the Brazilian Information Science is influenced by a group of researchers who work at universities - main authors of published scientific articles - and, in a certain way, establishes the thematic directions of the area. Science of Information, in Brazil, is led by a specific group, which interferes in the relations that this science establishes for the development of researches and studies, and strongly supports certain foci, being responsible for the interdisciplinary insertion of this science in the country
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Milled rapeseeds and oats decrease milk saturated fatty acids and ruminal methane emissions in dairy cows without changes in product sensory quality
No full textPlant lipids in the diet are known to modify milk fatty acid (FA) composition and to mitigate ruminal methane emissions. The objective of the present work was to examine the potential of milled rapeseeds and oats to decrease both milk saturated FA and ruminal methane emissions at practical farm conditions. In the pilot study, six Finnish Ayrshire cows were fed a control diet for 3 weeks followed by a lipid-rich test diet of 3 weeks. Experimental diets were based on grass silage supplemented with barley and rapeseed meal in the control diet, and with oats and milled rapeseeds in the test diet. Lipid inclusion rate was 55 g/kg dry matter (DM). In the main study, the whole Finnish Ayrshire research herd in milk (n=49-59) was used in a switch-back designed study. The cows were fed a control diet for 3 weeks, then a test diet for 4 weeks and finally control diet for 3 weeks. The diets were the same as in the pilot study except for lower lipid inclusion level of 50 g/kg DM. Test diet decreased DM intake by 15% and energy-corrected milk (ECM) yield by 13% in the pilot study. The adjustment of supplemental lipids from 55 to 50 g/kg DM was successful as the DM intake decreased only by 4% relative to control diet in the main study. Furthermore, the yields of milk, lactose, protein, and fat were also unaffected by dietary lipids in the main study. Milk fat was significantly altered in both studies. Milk fat saturated FA were decreased by 16-20% in the test diet, mainly due to the de novo FA of 6- to 16-carbon (reduction of 22-48%). Milk fat cis-9 18:1 was increased by 63-78% in the test diet relative to control. Dairy products’ (milk, butter, cheese) organoleptic quality was not compromised by modified lipid profile. Ruminal methane and hydrogen intensities (n=23, g or mg/kg ECM) were 20 and 39% lower, respectively on test diet relative to control. This reduction can be attributed to lower amount of organic matter fermented in the rumen as indicated by lower DM intake and nutrient digestibility
