103 research outputs found
HSP90 inhibition as a way to treat cancer
No full textMaster thesis, Programme in medicine. TITLE: HSP90 inhibition as a way to treat cancer. AUTHOR: Christoffer Vannas. Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is a rare soft-tissue tumor. An important oncogenic factor driving the tumor is abnormal proliferative signals through tyrosine kinases. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been tested as a treatment, but with little effect. An explanation to this might be that different tyrosine kinases can form heterodimers and autophosphorylate each other in the cytoplasm of MLS cells, sustaining a proliferative signal. A protein that can promote this autoactivation process is Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 is a chaperone, a protein involved in modifying misfolded proteins and helping protein complex formation. In tumors, HSP90 has been linked with phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases and promotion of cell proliferation. HSP90 inhibition has been developed as a method to treat cancer. Experiments on mice with MLS and on MLS cell lines have shown that HSP90 inhibition has great potential. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of HSP90 inhibitions in MLS and the connection to tyrosine kinase signaling, using an HSP90 inhibitor called 17-DMAG.
Cultured tumor cells have been analyzed regarding to cell proliferation, expression of target proteins and signaling pathways. The results showed that 17-DMAG diluted in cell medium with 5 % FBS reduced cell proliferation in MLS cell lines. Fibroblasts, used as control cells, were not affected by the drug. Untreated fibroblasts had in general a significantly lower expression of 17-DMAG target proteins than untreated tumor cells. In MLS cell lines, protein quantification showed that activation of tyrosine kinase receptors RET and ErbB3 were reduced after addition of the drug. This indicates that 17-DMAG specifically affects cells dependent on tyrosine kinase signaling, decreasing proliferation and causing cell death. Tyrosine kinase signaling is an important oncogenic factor in myxoid liposarcoma, suggesting that HSP90 inhibition is a possible method for treatment of tumor cells without affecting normal tissue
Kampen om skolan : Fyra aktörers försök till påverkan av den svenska skolan och den goda medborgaren
No full textStudy: Degree project in teacher education, Advanced level, 15p University of Skövde Title The Battle of the School – The attempt of four organizations to influence the Swedish school and the good citizen. Number of pages: 43 Author: Christoffer Härsjö Tutor: Erik Andersson Date: January 2009 Keywords: Democracy, organizations, school, influence, citizen This exam discusses the influence of four different organizations in the public school. The chosen organizations are the Confederation of Swedish Enterprise, LO, the Enforcement Authority and the political party Feminist Initiative. They all have different agendas about what they think the school should teach children. These agendas will be analyzed from the point of view of lobbying, corporatism, influencing of public opinion and the theory of curriculum, to find out what impact they have on the Swedish school system. I have studied their homepages on the Internet to see what their agenda is on school issues. It says in the curriculum that the school should form contact with business companies and other organizations so the pupils will be firmly established in society. The questions how much influence these organizations should have and what the contact should be, are however open to suggestions. This will be discussed to try to answer why these four organizations are trying to influence the pupils. There is nothing illegal about the different organizations being in the school trying to co-operate, but different theories about democracy believes this to be either good or harmful. I have discussed possible consequences for the organizations being in school, but the answer depends on what point of view one has of the commission of the school
Ledarskap och motivation inom bemanningsbranschen : Konsultchefers uppfattning av motivationsbehovet hos konsulter
No full textABSTRAKT Titel: Ledarskap och motivation inom bemanningsbranschen - Konsultchefers uppfattning av motivationsbehovet hos konsulter Nivå: C-uppsats i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Christoffer Rönnqvist och Alice Schmuck Handledare: Maria Fregidou Malama Datum: 2012-06-14 Syfte: Genom att vara anställd hos bemanningsföretag befinner man sig i en trepartsrelation som består av en själv, konsultchefen och kundföretaget. Detta innebär att konsultchefer kan ha det svårt att motivera sina konsulter, eftersom de utför sitt arbete på olika platser. Syftet med detta arbete är att identifiera och analysera konsultchefers uppfattning av motivationsbehovet hos sina anställda i bemanningsföretag. Två forskningsfrågor har undersökts: Forskningsfråga #1: Hur uppfattar konsultchefer vikten av inre motivation hos konsulter inom bemanningsbranschen? Forskningsfråga #2: Vilka verktyg använder sig konsultchefer av för att motivera sina konsulter? Metod: Vi genomförde intervjuer med öppna svarsalternativ som kvalitativ metod med en induktiv utgångspunkt för att uppfylla syftet. Efter att empirisk data samlats in, transkriberats och kategoriserats. Empirin redovisades i de identifierade temana: yttre motivation, inre motivation, feedback, leda på distans och gemensamma aktiviteter. Resultat & slutsats: Konsultchefer inser vikten av inre motivation samtidigt som de ser svårigheten att kunna påverka den. De försöker påverka konsulternas inre motivation genom yttre motivationsfaktorer som personliga möten, gemensamma aktiviteter, materiella belöningar och informativa belöningar i form av feedback. Förslag till fortsattforskning: Vi valde att begränsa oss till att undersöka ledarskapets perspektiv i auktoriserade bemanningsföretag med kontor i Uppsala. För att få klarhet i vad som motiverar konsulterna föreslår vi att undersöka både ledarskapets och de anställdas perspektiv. Forskningsområdet kan utökas och frågan kan undersökas om förbättrad feedback leder till bättre resultat för konsulterna. Uppsatsens bidrag: Arbetet sammanfattar viktiga teorier och framför vikten av inre motivation. Det kan vara till nytta till blivande konsulter för att förstå vikten av deras egna inre motivation och drivkraft. Dessutom ger vi en empirisk definition av konsultmässighet vilket underlättar för samhället att förstå vad som krävs av en konsult. Nyckelord: Yttre motivation, Inre motivation, Ledarskap, Feedback, Organizational Behavior Management, Bemanningsföretag. ABSTRACT Title: Leadership and motivation within Swedish staffing agencies - consultant managers’ perception of the motivational needs of consultants Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Christoffer Rönnqvist and Alice Schmuck Supervisor: Maria Fregidou Malama Date: 2012-06-14 Aim: Being employed by a staffing agency involves a trilateral relationship, consisting of one self, the consultant manager and the client company. Hence, it can be difficult for the consultant manager to motivate its consultants as they conduct their work in different places. Aim of this research paper is to identify and analyze the consultant manager’s perception of motivational needs of their consultants. Two research questions were investigated: Research Question #1: How does the consultant manager perceive the importance of internal motivation of consultants within the staffing industry? Research Question #2: What tools does consultant managers make use of to motivate their consultants? Method: Open-ended interviews as a qualitative method with an inductive basis were carried out for meeting the aim of this paper. The analysis of data followed Bruce L. Berg’s model and the empirical data is reported in the identified themes. Result & Conclusions: Consulting managers recognize the importance of intrinsic motivation and at the same time see the difficulty to affect it. They are thus seeking to influence consultants’ intrinsic motivation by external motivation factors. Suggestions for future research: This research paper is limited to investigate the leadership perspective of authorized staffing agencies with offices in Uppsala. In order to clarify factors that motivate consultants, we propose to investigate both the leadership and employees perspective. The research can be extended and the question if improved feedback leads to better results for the consultants can be investigated. Contribution of the thesis: Key theories concerning motivation are summarized and the importance of internal motivation is emphasized. This study may help prospective consultants to understand the importance of their own intrinsic motivation and drive. Key words: External motivation, internal motivation, leadership, feedback, organizational behavior management, staffing agenc
Bushadministrationens syn på internationellt samarbete och internationell rätt samt politisk-teoretiska tanketraditioners inverkan på administrationens utrikespolitik
No full textEssay in Political Science, Advanced Course, by Christoffer Hagström “The Bush Administration´s view on international cooperation and international law and political-theoretical traditions influence on the administration´s foreign policy” Supervisor: Jan Olsson The purpose of this paper is to analyze the American foreign policy, particularly with regard to international cooperation and international law. The two following research-questions are used in order to fulfil the purpose: (1) what is the Bush-administrations´s view of of the place for international cooperation and international law in American foreign policy?, and (2) how does the administration´s foreign policy correspond to dominant political-theoretical thought-traditions? The traditions used are: liberalism, realism and neoconservatism. The sources of the study mostly include literature and policy-documents. The author conducts qualitative and quantitative content analysis of the Bush-administration´s policy document National Security Strategy of the United States from March 2006. First the document is summarized based on different criteria followed by categorizations of ideas connected with realism, liberalism and neoconservatism in the document. In the quantative analysis value-words that are appropriate for the various traditions is chosen. The frequency of those words can be seen as indications of the influence of the traditions in the thoughts of the Bush-administration, but is mostly seen as a complement to the qualtative analysis. The main conclusions of the paper are that the Bush-administration most often wish to act according to international law and to cooperate with other actors internationally in the long run, it may even be necessary. In the short run however, it may act outside the parameters of international organizations and international law in order to accomplish foreign policy-goals. Matters related to the security of the American state and people is considered much more important than international cooperation and law. Liberalism seems to be the tradition that has most affected the Bush-administration´s foreign policy. It is followed shortly thereafter by realism and neoconservatism seems to have had the least influence on the the thought-traditions. All of the them has been active in the making of the foreign policy
Simulation of thin aluminium-foil in the packaging industry
No full textThis work present an approach of how to account for the anisotropic mechanical material behaviour in the simulation models of the thin aluminium foil layer (≈10 μm) used in the Packaging Industry. Furthermore, the experimental results from uniaxial tensile tests are parameterised into an analytical expression and the slope of the hardening subsequently extended way beyond the experimental data points. This in order to accommodate the locally high stresses present in the experiments at the neck formation. An analytical expression, denominated Ramberg-Osgood, is used to describe the non-linear mechanical behaviour. Moreover it is possible with a direct method to translate the experimental uniaxial tensile test results into useful numerical material model parameters in Abaqus™. In addition to this the extended material behaviour including the plastic flow i.e. hardening, valid after onset of localisation, the described procedure can also capture the microscopic events, i.e. geometrical thinning, ongoing in the deformation of the aluminium foil. This method has earlier successfully been applied by Petri Mäkelä for paperboard material [1]. The engineering sound and parameterised description of the mechanical material behaviour facilitates an efficient categorisation of different aluminium foil alloys and aid the identification of the correct anisotropic (RD/TD/45°) mechanical material behaviour derived from the physical testing. © 2017 Author(s).</p
Proposing a new LHC search for light compressed stop squarks
No full textThe LHC searches for light compressed stop squarks have resulted in considerable bounds in the case where the stop decays to a neutralino and a charm quark. However, in the case where the stop decays to a neutralino, a bottom quark and two fermions via an off-shell W-boson, there is currently an unconstrained region in the stop-neutralino mass plane, still allowing for stop masses around 100 GeV. In this note we will propose a new monojet-like search for light stops, optimized for the four-body decay mode, in which at least one b-tagged jet is required. We show that, already by using the existing 8 TeV LHC data set, such a search would cover the entire unconstrained region. This note is based on ref. [1]. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
The Absent Algorithm: Communicating around artificial intelligence in enterprise social media
No full textIf your medium is shaped by an algorithm, then what reason would you have to hide it? This article explores the topic of how the algorithmic shaping of communication on enterprise social media (ESM) is in turn communicated by platform developers to potential customer organizations. Specifically, the article analyzes how this topic is usually not discussed and why. As a case study, the author performs a qualitative analysis of the corporate communication surrounding the ESM Workplace from Meta, analyzing the 23 podcast episodes and 123 online videos produced by Meta on this topic. The case is selected due to the prolific discussion of algorithmic curation in other Meta products, and the presence of such algorithmic underpinnings on Workplace itself. Despite this, Meta’s emphasis is usually on more explicit examples of artificial intelligence in the form of communicative bots, and especially on how these may circumvent algorithmically curated or individualized communication patterns of employees. Drawing on critical management and organizational studies, the author discusses possible explanations relating to the distribution of power between organizations and platforms.
The Absent Algorithm:Communicating around artificial intelligence in enterprise social media
No full textIf your medium is shaped by an algorithm, then what reason would you have to hide it? This article explores the topic of how the algorithmic shaping of communication on enterprise social media (ESM) is in turn communicated by platform developers to potential customer organizations. Specifically, the article analyzes how this topic is usually not discussed and why. As a case study, the author performs a qualitative analysis of the corporate communication surrounding the ESM Workplace from Meta, analyzing the 23 podcast episodes and 123 online videos produced by Meta on this topic. The case is selected due to the prolific discussion of algorithmic curation in other Meta products, and the presence of such algorithmic underpinnings on Workplace itself. Despite this, Meta’s emphasis is usually on more explicit examples of artificial intelligence in the form of communicative bots, and especially on how these may circumvent algorithmically curated or individualized communication patterns of employees. Drawing on critical management and organizational studies, the author discusses possible explanations relating to the distribution of power between organizations and platforms
Benefits of a Learning Factory in the Context of Lean Management for the Pharmaceutical Industry
No full textAbstractThe past has shown that the successful implementation of lean in organizations needs employees with sufficient knowledge about methods and principles of lean management. The mediation of these skills during the ongoing production is known as a more efficient concept than other approaches. Consequences could be an additional cost and time pressure. Therefore the Fraunhofer IPK and TU Berlin have developed a training concept, together with a German pharmaceutical company, which makes it possible for the employees to acquire the new knowledge under real conditions and without disruption of production. The paper introduces this concept of a “Lean Factory” for pharmacy
The Constrained Left and its Adverse Impact on Losers of Globalization. IHS Political Science Series No. 120, May 2010
No full textThis paper examines the political mechanisms of welfare state policymaking in two countries with differing levels of institutional and political constraints, Germany and Ireland. The study analyzes the joint impact of political constraints and varying party governments on different dimensions of labor market policymaking. It comes to the conclusion that left-wing governments must cut spending more to accommodate the conservative opposition and gain its support when political and institutional constraints are high. To simultaneously ensure the support from pivotal extra-parliamentary actors, namely labor unions that are closely linked to the governing party, the left has to further compensate the unions' prime constituency, which is the well-integrated core workforce. The privileged treatment of labor market 'insiders' by left-wing governments in countries with high political constraints comes at the expenses of labor market 'outsiders'. Left-wing party governments in countries where political constraints are low are better able to address the needs of broader segments of society
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