101 research outputs found
EEG_SpeechCue
No full textData and scripts for: Ivanova, M., Neubert, C. R., Schmied, J., & Bendixen, A. (2023). ERP evidence for Slavic and German word stress cue sensitivity in English. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1193822. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1193822
Preprint: Ivanova, M., Neubert, C.R., Schmied, J., and Bendixen, A. (2023). ERP evidence for Slavic and German word stress cue sensitivity in English. PsyArXiv [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hqr34
Contributors to this project are Marina Ivanova, Christiane R. Neubert, Josef Schmied, and Alexandra Bendixen. Due to a technical error, Alexandra Bendixen was not part of the contributor list from 2023-03-24 to 2023-04-03
EEG_SpeechCue
No full textData and scripts for: Ivanova, M., Neubert, C. R., Schmied, J., & Bendixen, A. (2023). ERP evidence for Slavic and German word stress cue sensitivity in English. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1193822. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1193822
Preprint: Ivanova, M., Neubert, C.R., Schmied, J., and Bendixen, A. (2023). ERP evidence for Slavic and German word stress cue sensitivity in English. PsyArXiv [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hqr34
Contributors to this project are Marina Ivanova, Christiane R. Neubert, Josef Schmied, and Alexandra Bendixen. Due to a technical error, Alexandra Bendixen was not part of the contributor list from 2023-03-24 to 2023-04-03
Radio occultation bending angle anomalies during tropical cyclones
No full textThe tropical deep convection affects the radiation balance of the atmosphere changing the water vapor mixing ratio and the temperature of the upper troposphere lower stratosphere. The aim of this work is to better understand these processes and to investigate if severe storms leave a significant signature in radio occultation profiles in the tropical tropopause layer. Using tropical cyclone best track database and data from different GPS radio occultation missions (COSMIC, GRACE, CHAMP, SACC and GPSMET), we selected 1194 profiles in a time window of 3 h and a space window of 300 km from the eye of the cyclone. We show that the bending angle anomaly of a GPS radio occultation signal is typically larger than the climatology in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere and that a double tropopause during deep convection can easily be detected using this technique. Comparisons with co-located radiosondes, climatology of tropopause altitudes and GOES analyses are also shown to support the hypothesis that the bending angle anomaly can be used as an indicator of convective towers. The results are discussed in connection to the GPS radio occultation receiver which will be part of the Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) payload on the International Space Station. © Author(s) 2011
Data supplementing Einhäuser, W., Neubert, C. R., Grimm, S., & Bendixen, A. (2024). High visual salience of alert signals can lead to a counterintuitive increase of reaction times. Scientific Reports, 14, 8858.
No full text<p>These files supplement the publication <br>Einhäuser, W., Neubert, C. R., Grimm, S., & Bendixen, A. (2024). High visual salience of alert signals can lead to a counterintuitive increase of reaction times. <em>Scientific Reports, </em>14, 8858. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58953-4</p>
<p>The files data_expX.mat, where X is the experiment number (1-4), contain the data as described below. </p>
<p>The files dataTraining_expX.mat contain the data of the first (training) block of each experiment. They are needed only for the supplemental material. </p>
<p>To exemplify the usage, the functions figure2and3.m, figure4.m, figure5.m, figure6.m and Table1.m output the paper's figures and the data of Table 1, respectively; figureS2.m, figureS3.m, figureS4.m and figureS5.m output the figures of the supplemental material (figure S1 needs substantial amounts of external source code to compute the salience maps and is therefore not included).</p>
<p><br>data_exp1.mat contains the following variables<br>For alert trials, variable of dimensions subjects x blocks x alert trials (20x10x64); note that only used participants and blocks with alert trials (2 through 11) are included in the data set:<br>alert_aud - the salience level of the alert tone (1-8, corresponding to 54dB(A) through 89 dB(A))<br>alert_vis - the salience level of the alert frame (1-8, corresponding to 0.10 to 8.50 Weber contrasts in logarithmic steps)<br>alert_side - the side on which the alert frame and the tone were presented (1-left, 2-right)<br>alert_fixOk - derived from eye movement data, was the first fixation closer to the alert square than to the center?<br>alert_primaryRT - primary-task reaction time (for alert trials)<br>alert_alertRT - alert-task reaction time <br>alert_correctAlert - was the response (up/down) to the alert correct?<br>alert_intrusionAlert - was there an intrusion (left/right pressed before up or down)?<br>alert_correctPrimary - was the primary task conducted correctly?<br>alert_intrusionPrimary - was there an intrusion for the primary task?<br>alert_timeToFixation - time to first fixation on alert square <br>alert_fixationToResp - time from beginning of fixation to response to the alert <br>alert_fixDur - duration of first fixation after trial onset</p>
<p>For no-alert trials, variable of dimensions subjects x blocks x no-alert trials (20x10x448):<br>noalert_correctPrimary - was the primary task conducted correctly?<br>noalert_intrusionPrimary - was there an intrusion for the primary task? (i.e., up/down pressed before left/right)?</p>
<p>For all trials, variable of dimensions subjects x blocks x no-alert trials (20x10x512):<br>all_correctPrimary - was the primary task conducted correctly?<br>all_intrusionPrimary - was there an intrusion for the primary task? (i.e., up/down pressed before left/right)?<br>all_RT - reaction time in the primary task<br>all_isAlertTrial - was the trial an alert trial? (useful to map no-alert trials and alert trials on all trials)</p>
<p>In addition, there are some raw eye movement data for the alert blocks:<br>alert_eyeX, alert_eyeY - dimension 20 x 10 x 64 x 6000; x and y position in pixel coordinates relative to trial (and alert) onset, 1ms/sample, ends at conclusion of trials, filled up with NaN if duration was less than 6000ms <br>alert_eyeFixX, alert_eyeFixY, alert_eyeFixTon, alert_eyeFixDur - 20 x 10 x 64 x 15; x and y position, onset (in ms relative to trial onset) and duration of fixations during the trial (from onset to primary-task response), filled with NaN when less than 15 fixations were made. Note that the first entry of alert_eyeFixDur along the forth dimension will usually equal the alert_fixDur</p>
<p><br>data_exp2.mat contains the same variables as data_exp1.mat with the following exceptions:<br>alert_vis - contains only two levels (1 and 2) corresponding to Weber contrasts of 0.10 and 2.39, respectively<br>alert_dur - the level of duration of the alert frame (1 through 8, corresponding to 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 300ms, 400ms, 600ms, 800ms)<br>alert_aud is not included (all tones were at 54 dB(A))<br>there are only 19 participants; hence the variables are of size 19 x ...<br>note: block 8 for subject 6 contains only 450 trials (57 alert trials), the remainder is filled with NaN.</p>
<p><br>data_exp3.mat contains the same variables as data_exp1.mat with the following exceptions:<br>alert_aud - contains only two levels (1 and 2) corresponding to sound levels of 54 dB(A) and 79 dB(A) respectively<br>alert_dur - the level of duration of the alert tone (1 through 8, corresponding to 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 300ms, 400ms, 600ms, 800ms)<br>alert_vis is not included (all alert frames were at 0.10 contrast)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>data_exp4.mat contains the same variables as data_exp1.mat with the following exceptions:<br>alert_aud - contains only two levels (1 and 2) corresponding to sound levels of 54 dB(A) and 79 dB(A) respectively<br>alert_vis is not included and replaced by<br>alert_condBefore - alert frame contrast level before the saccade (1 - 0.10 contrast, 2 - 2.39 contrast)<br>alert_condAfter - alert frame contrast level after the saccade (1 - 0.10 contrast, 2 - 2.39 contrast)</p>
<p><br>dataTraining_expX.mat contains for the first (training) block of experiment X (X being 1, 2, 3 or 4) the following variables of size 20x512 (participant x trial) [19x512 in case of Experiment 2]:<br>all_correctPrimary - was the primary task conducted correctly?<br>all_RT - reaction time in the primary task<br>[Note that there are no alert trials in this block and these data are only used in the supplementary material (part 4)]</p>
ADHS im Erwachsenenalter - klinische Charakterisierung und die Rolle der Sauren Sphingomyelinase
No full text1 Abstract
1.1 Background and Aims
Already in the 1980’s, it was discovered that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not only a disease of childhood and adolescence but can persist into adulthood. Despite its high prevalence, the pathogenesis still is not sufficiently understood. Neuronal plasticity as well as the maturation process of the brain seem to be involved in the development of this disease.
The aim of this dissertation is to characterize the clinical manifestation of adult ADHD with regard to frequent comorbidities such as sleep and depressive disorders, and, furthermore, to investigate the enzyme activity of the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a central enzyme of the ceramide metabolism in adult ADHD patients.
The ASM hydrolyses sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphorylcholine and is therefore highly relevant for apoptotic processes and cell differentiation in the central nervous system. In numerous diseases, including frequent comorbidities of ADHD such as major depression, it shows a dysregulated activity.
1.2 Methods
We recruited a total amount of 58 subjects between 18 and 65 years of age. Group 1 A consisted of 20 ADHD patients diagnosed on the basis of guidelines who had not yet received any ADHD medication at the time of recruitment. Group 1 B comprised of 18 ADHD patients, also with a guideline-based diagnose, who had been receiving pharmacotherapy with methylphenidate or atomoxetine for at least 3 weeks. Group 2 included healthy controls who were matched to subjects of Group 1A according to age (+/- 5 years) and gender.
For each participant, we scheduled one study appointment in order to collect a blood sample for further analysis as well as to process neuropsychological testing by several questionnaires on sleep behavior (SF-A/R, SF-B/R, D-MEQ, ESS, PSQI, visual analog scale), ADHD symptoms (WURS-k, ADHD-SB) and depressive symptoms (BDI-II). Finally, the symptom severity of the ADHD patients was assessed by the rater using the Clinical Global Impression - Severity Scale (CGI-S).
In the experimental part of the study, the enzyme activity of S-ASM (secretory form of ASM) was measured in the subjects’ serum using fluorescence-labeled sphingomyelin as substrate and thin-layer chromatography as a method for the separation of reaction product ceramide.
1.3 Results and Observations
In our study we were able to determine a significantly lower subjectively perceived ADHD symptom severity in the drug-treated ADHD group than in patients without medication (p=0.020). In contrast to the two main ADHD symptoms, “attention” and “impulsiveness”, the third main symptom, “hyperactivity”, showed no significant change under disease-specific drug treatment (p=0.267). Furthermore, despite receiving drug-based therapy, the subjectively perceived symptoms of ADHD patients could not be improved to test results of the healthy controls (p<0.001).
The same finding could be applied to depressive symptoms of ADHD patients, which, although allayed by pharmacotherapy, could not be completely adjusted to the level of the healthy control subjects (p(1A-1B)=0.010 ; p(1A-2)<0.001 ; p(1B-2)=0.001).
For the first time, this study showed an increased enzyme activity of S-ASM in adult ADHD patients compared to healthy control subjects (p<0.001). In male subjects, drug-treated ADHD patients showed a significantly lower activity of the S-ASM than the untreated collective (p=0.030). This did not apply to the total collective or to female ADHD patients (total: p = 0.172; female: p = 0.310). Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between disease severity of ADHD and the enzyme activity of the S-ASM. This means that aggravated subjectively perceived ADHD symptoms coincide with an increased activity of the S-ASM (p=0.004; r=0.385). In participants with healthy sleep behavior, we were able to determine a lower enzyme activity than in subjects with poor sleep quality (p = 0.009). A connection between S-ASM activity and depressive symptoms could not be observed (p=0.101).
1.4 Conclusions
This dissertation demonstrates that not only ADHD symptoms, but also the expression of depressive characteristics is alleviated by adequate pharmacotherapy and can thus improve the patients’ quotidian capability and quality of life. However, complete remission is not achieved by ADHD medication, such as methylphenidate or atomoxetine.
Moreover, this thesis shows that the ASM and its regulatory function in the ceramide metabolism seem to play a role in pathogenesis of ADHD and could be influenced by an adequate pharmacotherapy in terms of a down-regulation. Due to the correlation of its enzyme activity and the symptom severity of ADHD, ASM could be suitable as a biomarker and serve as a starting point for new therapy options.1 Zusammenfassung
1.1 Hintergrund und Zielsetzung
Bereits in den 1980er Jahren kam man zu der Erkenntnis, dass die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) nicht nur eine reine Erkrankung des Kindes- und Jugendalters ist, sondern bis ins Erwachsenenalter persistieren kann. Trotz ihrer hohen Prävalenz ist die Pathogenese noch weitgehend unverstanden. Neuronale Plastizität sowie der Reifungsprozess des Gehirns scheinen an der Krankheitsentstehung beteiligt zu sein.
Ziel dieser Dissertation ist, die klinische Ausprägung der adulten ADHS auch im Hinblick auf einen Zusammenhang zu häufigen Komorbiditäten wie Schlaf- und depressiven Störungen zu charakterisieren, sowie die Enzymaktivität der Sauren Sphingomyelinase (acid sphingomyelinase = ASM), einem zentralen Enzym des Ceramid-Stoffwechsels, bei erwachsenen ADHS-Patienten zu untersuchen.
Die ASM spaltet Sphingomyelin zu Ceramid und Phosphorylcholin und ist somit für apoptotische Prozesse und Zelldifferenzierung im zentralen Nervensystem maßgeblich. Sie weist bei einer Vielzahl von Erkrankungen u.a. bei häufigen Komorbiditäten der ADHS wie z.B. Major Depression eine dysregulierte Aktivität auf.
1.2 Methoden
Für unsere Studie wurde ein Probandenkollektiv bestehend aus insgesamt 58 Probanden zwischen 18 und 65 Jahren rekrutiert. Gruppe 1 A umfasste 20 leitliniengerecht diagnostizierte ADHS-Patienten, die zum Rekrutierungszeitpunkt noch keiner medikamentösen Therapie zugeführt worden waren. In Gruppe 1 B befanden sich 18 ebenfalls leitliniengerecht diagnostizierte ADHS-Patienten, bei denen allerdings eine Pharmakotherapie mit Methylphenidat oder Atomoxetin seit mindestens 3 Wochen bestand. Gruppe 2 schloss gesunde Kontrollprobanden ein, die an die Probanden der Gruppe 1 A angepasst wurden, sodass Alter (+/- 5 Jahre) und Geschlecht übereinstimmten.
Pro Studienteilnehmer fand ein Untersuchungstermin statt, der eine Blutentnahme zur Probengewinnung sowie die Bearbeitung einer Testbatterie aus neuropsychologischen Fragebögen zu Schlafverhalten (SF-A/R, SF-B/R, D-MEQ, ESS, PSQI, visuelle Analogskala), ADHS-Symptomatik (WURS-k, ADHS-SB) und depressiver Symptomatik (BDI-II) beinhaltete. Am Ende der Studienvisite erfolgte die Beurteilung der Symptomschwere der ADHS-Patienten durch den durchführenden Rater mittels Clinical Global Impression - Severity Scale (CGI-S).
Im experimentellen Studienteil wurde die Enzymaktivität der S-ASM (sekretorische Form der ASM) im Probandenserum mittels fluoreszenzmarkiertem Sphingomyelin als Substrat und der Dünnschichtchromatographie als Verfahren zur Abtrennung des Reaktionsprodukts Ceramid gemessen.
1.3 Ergebnisse und Beobachtungen
Wir konnten bei der medikamentös behandelten ADHS-Gruppe eine deutlich geringere subjektiv wahrgenommene ADHS-Symptomschwere feststellen als bei den Patienten ohne ADHS-Medikation (p=0,020). Im Gegensatz zu den untersuchten ADHS-Hauptsymptomen „Aufmerksamkeit“ und „Impulsivität“ wies das Merkmal „Überaktivität“ jedoch keine signifikante Veränderung durch eine erkrankungsspezifische Pharmakotherapie auf (p=0,267). Trotz medikamentöser ADHS-Therapie konnte keine vollständige Angleichung der subjektiv wahrgenommenen Krankheitssymptome an die Test-Scores der gesunden Kontrollprobanden erreicht werden (p<0,001). Das Gleiche traf auf die depressive Symptomatik der ADHS-Patienten zu, die zwar durch eine ADHS-Medikation gebessert, aber nicht vollständig an das Niveau der gesunden Kontrollen angeglichen werden konnte (p(1A-1B)=0,010 ; p(1A-2)<0,001 ; p(1B-2)=0,001).
Erstmalig konnte in dieser Studie eine gesteigerte Enzymaktivität der S-ASM bei erwachsenen ADHS-Patienten im Vergleich zu gesunden Kontrollprobanden gezeigt werden (p<0,001). Bei männlichen ADHS-Patienten ergab sich unter medikamentöser Therapie eine signifikant niedrigere Aktivität der S-ASM als bei Patienten ohne etablierte Pharmakotherapie (p=0,030). Auf das Gesamtkollektiv sowie auf weibliche ADHS-Patientinnen traf dies nicht zu (Gesamt: p=0,172 ; Weiblich: p=0,310). Mit zunehmendem subjektiv wahrgenommenem Schweregrad der ADHS-Symptomatik stieg auch die Enzymaktivität der S-ASM (p=0,004 ; r=0,385) . Bei Studienteilnehmern mit gesundem Schlafverhalten konnten wir eine geringere ASM-Aktivität feststellen als bei Probanden mit einer schlechten Schlafqualität (p=0,009). Ein Zusammenhang zwischen der S-ASM-Aktivität und depressiver Symptomatik konnte nicht beobachtet werden (p=0,101).
1.4 Schlussfolgerungen
Nicht nur die ADHS-Symptomatik, sondern auch die Ausprägung depressiver Merkmale wird durch eine adäquate Pharmakotherapie gelindert und kann somit die alltägliche Funktionsfähigkeit und Lebensqualität der Betroffenen verbessern. Eine vollständige Remission wird unter einer ADHS-Medikation z.B. mit Methylphenidat oder Atomoxetin allerdings nicht erreicht.
Des Weiteren konnte in dieser Arbeit gezeigt werden, dass die ASM mit ihrer regulatorischen Funktion im Ceramid-Metabolismus eine Rolle bei der Pathogenese der ADHS zu spielen scheint und von einer adäquaten Pharmakotherapie im Sinne einer Down-Regulation beeinflusst werden könnte. Aufgrund der Korrelation ihrer Enzymaktivität mit der Symptomschwere der ADHS könnte sie sich als Biomarker eignen und als Ansatzpunkt für neue Therapieoptionen dienen
Processo de evolução colaborativo de guias de referência de software
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Computação.Na melhoria de processos de software, guias de referência podem fornecer um apoio sobre como definir um modelo específico de processo em uma organização, alinhado aos modelos genéricos de referência, como: ISO / IEC 15504, CMMI e MPS.BR. Tais guias de referência indicam diversas alternativas quanto à forma de estabelecerem as melhores práticas em diferentes ambientes organizacionais, descrevendo vários métodos, técnicas e ferramentas e indicando em que contexto cada uma destas é aplicável. No entanto, o desenvolvimento e a atualização de tais guias de referência não são tarefas triviais e representam um esforço contínuo e colaborativo. Portanto, este trabalho apresenta um processo para a evolução contínua e colaborativa de guias de referência. Este processo é aplicado e avaliado, onde o resultado da avaliação consiste em um primeiro indício de que a utilização do processo de evolução colaborativo pode facilitar a atualização contínua de guias de referência. Software process improvement reference guides can provide a support on how to define organization specific process models in alignment with generic software process reference models, such as, ISO/IEC 15504, CMMI or MPS.BR. Such reference guides describe various methods, techniques and tools and indicate in which context each of them is applicable. Yet, the development and update of reference guides is not trivial and represents a collaborative and continuous effort. Therefore, a process for the continuous and collaborative evolution of such reference guides is described in this thesis. This process was implemented and evaluated, and the assessment results provide a first indication that the use of the collaborative development of reference guides can facilitate the continuous updating of the reference guides
Seasons of Syn
No full text© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Hunter-Cevera, K. R., Neubert, M. G., Olson, R. J., Shalapyonok, A., Solow, A. R., & Sosik, H. M. Seasons of Syn. Limnology and Oceanography. (2019), doi: 10.1002/lno.11374.Synechococcus is a widespread and important marine primary producer. Time series provide critical information for identifying and understanding the factors that determine abundance patterns. Here, we present the results of analysis of a 16‐yr hourly time series of Synechococcus at the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory, obtained with an automated, in situ flow cytometer. We focus on understanding seasonal abundance patterns by examining relationships between cell division rate, loss rate, cellular properties (e.g., cell volume, phycoerythrin fluorescence), and environmental variables (e.g., temperature, light). We find that the drivers of cell division vary with season; cells are temperature‐limited in winter and spring, but light‐limited in the fall. Losses to the population also vary with season. Our results lead to testable hypotheses about Synechococcus ecophysiology and a working framework for understanding the seasonal controls of Synechococcus cell abundance in a temperate coastal system.We would like to thank E. T. Crockford, E. E. Peacock, J. Fredericks, Z. Sandwith, the MVCO Operations Team, divers of the WHOI diving program, and captain Houtler and first mate Hanley of the R/V Tioga for logistical support; S. Laney for assistance with radiometer data processing; and P. Henderson of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Nutrient Analytical Facility for analytical support. This work was supported by U.S. NSF grants OCE‐0119915, OCE‐0530830, OCE‐1031256, OCE‐1655686, DEB‐1145017, and DEB‐1257545; NASA grants NNX11AF07G and NNX13AC98G; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GGA#934; the Investment in Science Fund, given primarily by WHOI Trustee and Corporation Members; Simons Foundation award 561126; National Defense Science and Engineering graduate fellowship from the U.S. Department of Defense, and the Hibbitt Early Career Fellowship at the Marine Biological Laboratory
Marine reserves and optimal dynamic harvesting when fishing damages habitat
No full text© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kelly, M. R., Jr., Neubert, M. G., & Lenhart, S. Marine reserves and optimal dynamic harvesting when fishing damages habitat. Theoretical Ecology, 12(2), (2019): 131-144, doi:10.1007/s12080-018-0399-7.Marine fisheries are a significant source of protein for many human populations. In some locations, however, destructive fishing practices have negatively impacted the quality of fish habitat and reduced the habitat’s ability to sustain fish stocks. Improving the management of stocks that can be potentially damaged by harvesting requires improved understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the stocks, their habitats, and the behavior of the harvesters. We develop a mathematical model for both a fish stock as well as its habitat quality. Both are modeled using nonlinear, parabolic partial differential equations, and density dependence in the growth rate of the fish stock depends upon habitat quality. The objective is to find the dynamic distribution of harvest effort that maximizes the discounted net present value of the coupled fishery-habitat system. The value derives both from extraction (and sale) of the stock and the provisioning of ecosystem services by the habitat. Optimal harvesting strategies are found numerically. The results suggest that no-take marine reserves can be an important part of the optimal strategy and that their spatiotemporal configuration depends both on the vulnerability of habitat to fishing damage and on the timescale of habitat recovery when fishing ceases.This manuscript is based upon the work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DEB-1558904 (to MGN) and also supported by the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, an Institute supported by the National Science Foundation through NSF Award #DBI-1300426, with additional support from The University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Arab-West Report Papers 2007 - 2016
No full textThe dataset contains papers written between 2007 and 2016 by researchers and interns at the Center for Arab-West Understanding ( CAWU) in Cairo or by researchers and academics connected to CAWU. The papers aim at obtaining a better understanding of the role of religion in society, including:- Relations between Muslims and Christians in Egypt;- Problems around church building, the highly controversial topic of (alleged) kidnappings of Christian youth, claims of forced conversions, reports on sectarian incidents in Egypt and media critique to uncover biased reporting within Egypt as well as the stereotypical tone in Western media;- The role of Christian and Muslim institutions in society and the political sphere;- Activities of human rights organizations;- Islam and politics.All papers are:- Descriptive and take different points of views serious as part of the description of events unfolding in society;- Contributing to a better understanding of people between different cultures and beliefs.Methodology:Papers always include Egyptian source material. Authors were recommended to make use of the AWR database, conduct interviews in Egypt and where encouraged to contrast results with western news coverage.Papers discuss one subject at length and were reviewed by Egyptian and/or Western academics, within the bounds of organizational possibility and edited by Cornelis Hulsman or others to guarantee academic standards. This has resulted in a number of unique studies about subjects that are rarely covered in depth elsewhere. These papers are completed texts but besides, additional texts from reviewers often include interesting suggestions for further research.With thanks to:Prentice (Author), P. (Center for Arab West Understanding (CAWU))Disouqi (Reviewer), Dr. R. (Azhar University)Wagieh (Author, Reviewer), Dr. H. (Azhar University)Fowler (Reviewer), Prof. Dr. M. (American University in Cairo (AUC))Hulsman (Author, Editor, Reviewer), Drs. C. (CAWU)Atmaca (Author), N. (CAWU)Anwar (Author), S. (CAWU)Bodman (Reviewer), Dr. (Assoc. Prof.) W. (Austin Seminary, Texas, USA)Richards-Benson (Language editor CIDT), C. (CAWU)Fastenrath (Author), C. (CAWU)Kazanjian (Author), C. (CAWU)Makram Ebeid (Reviewer), Dr. A. (CAWU)Snyder (Author), M. (CAWU)Aguzzoni (Author), S. (CAWU)Turner (Reviewer, Academic language editor CIDT), C.Holm (Author), M. (CAWU)Bredstrup (Author), M. (CAWU)Dokhan (Author), B. (CAWU)Marqus (Author), S. (CAWU)al-Ghanām (Author), A. (CAWU)Chetty (Author), J. (CAWU)Sayf ʿAllām (Author), R. (CAWU)Neubert (Author), S. (CAWU)Nielsen (Author), J.R. (CAWU)Wamboldt (Author), A. (CAWU)Connery (Author), B. (CAWU)Drouin (Author), R. (CAWU)Schep (Author), C. (CAWU)Roters (Author), D. (CAWU)van Baalen (Reviewer), J. (CIDT)Casper (Author, Reviewer), J. (CAWU)Curtis (Author), R. (CAWU)al-Ashāl (Author), M. (CAWU)Labīb (Author), A. (CAWU)Gabra (Reviewer, Supervisor), Eng. S. (CAWU)Fawzy (Reviewer), S.Magdy (Author), M. (CAWU)Justesen (Author), E. (CAWU)Adeh (Author), D. (CAWU)Fuʿād (Author), S. (CAWU)Edwards (Author), E. (CAWU)Marshall (Author), C. D. (CAWU)Yaḥyā (Author), L. (CAWU)Ferrecchia (Author, Language editor), J. (CAWU /CIDT)Gallo (Language-editor), W. (CIDT)Lundberg, S. (Lund University)Mc Donell (Author), A. (CAWU)Khayyal (Reviewer, Editor), Prof. em. M.al-Zanātī (Author), F. (Cairo University)al-Ghazālī (Author), M. (CAWU)Salāmah (Author), U.Weißenfels (Author), A. (CAWU)Serôdio (Author), D. (CAWU)Messiha (Reviewer), Dr. G. (form. Constituent Assembly Parliament (Egypt))Talaat (Reviewer), Dr. A. (Supreme Court (Egypt))Schleiffer (Reviewer), Prof. em. A. (american University of Cairo (AUC))Paulus (Reviewer), Dr. C. (Al-Azhar University, Cairo)Slomp (Reviewer), Rev. Dr J. (International Advisory Board of the Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs (JMMA))Scattolin (Reviewer), Fr. Dr. G. (Dar Comboni, Cairo)Forster (Author), R.A.Fathina (Author), H. (CAWU)Schoorel (Author), E. (CAWU)Stacey (Language editor), E. (CIDT)Byeongsun, A. (CAWU)Weinert (Author), F. (CAWU)Gillé (Reviewer, Editor), M.Jongeneel, Prof. em. J. (Utrecht University)Fargues, Prof. Dr. P. (American University Cairo (AUC))Middelstaed-Rizkallah (Author), J. (CIDT)Coffee (Author, Editor, Reviewer), J. (CAWU / CIDT)Atallah (Reviewer), R. (Egyptian Bible Society)Jørgensen (Reviewer), Prof. Dr. K. (Aarhus University)Suermann (Reviewer), Prof. Dr. H. (University of Bonn)Gajan (Author,Reviewer), M. (CAWU)Volkmann (Author, Reviewer), E. (CAWU)Mūsah Jamaʿa (Author), A. (CAWU)Amelia (Author), D. (CAWU)Gajan (Author), S. (CAWU)</p
ERP evidence for Slavic and German word stress cue sensitivity in English
No full textWord stress is demanding for non-native learners of English, partly because speakers from different backgrounds weight perceptual cues to stress like pitch, intensity, and duration differently. Slavic learners of English and particularly those with a fixed stress language background like Czech and Polish have been shown to be less sensitive to stress in their native and non-native languages. In contrast, German English learners are rarely discussed in a word stress context. A comparison of these varieties can reveal differences in the foreign language processing of speakers from two language families. We use electroencephalography (EEG) to explore group differences in word stress cue perception between Slavic and German learners of English. Slavic and German advanced English speakers were examined in passive multi-feature oddball experiments, where they were exposed to the word impact as an unstressed standard and as deviants stressed on the first or second syllable through higher pitch, intensity, or duration. The results revealed a robust Mismatch Negativity (MMN) component of the event-related potential (ERP) in both language groups in response to all conditions, demonstrating sensitivity to stress changes in a non-native language. While both groups showed higher MMN responses to stress changes to the second than the first syllable, this effect was more pronounced for German than for Slavic participants. Such group differences in non-native English word stress perception from the current and previous studies are argued to speak in favor of customizable language technologies and diversified English curricula compensating for non-native perceptual variation
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