1,721,037 research outputs found
Resenha do livro “Livro, leitura e leitor: perspectiva histórica”
Full text linkCASTELLANOS, Samuel Luis Velásquez; CASTRO. Cesar Augusto. (Org.). Livro, leitura e leitor: perspectiva histórica. São Luís: Café & Lápis; EDUFMA, 2016
Instituição da escola primária privada na província do Maranhão (1834-1854)
Full text linkDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Florianópolis, 2014.Esta pesquisa tem como objeto o processo histórico de instituição das escolas primárias privadas, na primeira metade do século XIX, no Maranhão; focaliza em particular a cidade de São Luís, capital da província. O título deste trabalho corrobora com a produção historiográfica sobre essa temática que tem sido secundarizada, considerando-se sua escassez, em relação a outras como a história das ideias pedagógicas, reformas educacionais, a história da profissão docente a dos ensinos secundário e superior, sobretudo no contexto do Império. O âmbito cronológico indicado é demarcado por duas datas. A primeira, 1834, ano em que se deu a aprovação da Lei nº 16, de 12 de Agosto de 1834, em que se fizeram algumas alterações e adições à Constituição Política do Império de 1824. Dentre as mudanças feitas nos termos desta lei, estabeleceram-se algumas mudanças significativas, principalmente no que se referiu ao Capítulo V da Constituição, que extinguiu os Conselhos Gerais das províncias e criou, em seu lugar, as assembleias legislativas provinciais com poderes para legislar sobre economia, justiça; entre outros temas, estava a educação. Já 1854 demarca a aprovação da Lei de Liberdade de Ensino, complementando o Ato Adicional de 1834. Consolida-se a livre iniciativa privada autônoma em relação ao Estado, acentuando sua expansão. Essa data corresponde ainda ao momento da criação do segundo Regulamento da instrução pública da província maranhense, cujo objetivo foi reorganizar a instrução elementar e secundária da província, sendo que pela primeira vez aparecem os critérios de funcionamento do ensino particular. Informamos que, embora vinculada ao campo mais amplo da História da Educação, esta investigação buscou atender a pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da denominada História de Instituições Escolares. Trata-se, então, de identificar e discutir as categorias  criação e implantação da escola e evolução da escola , elencadas por Nosella e Buffa (2008; 2009). Outros autores subsidiaram nosso estudo, tais como Santos (2010; 2009) Castro (2010; 2009); Motta (2003); Nunes (1988); Werebe (1995); Lima (2008); Amaral (2003); Azevedo (1963); Cardoso (2004); Gatti Júnior (2002) e Vechia (1998). A pesquisa documental pautou-se em fontes do Arquivo Público do Estado do Maranhão e da Biblioteca Pública Estadual Benedito Leite. As análises se basearam, ainda, nos Relatórios dos presidentes da província do Maranhão; na Legislação Educacional reunida e publicada (2009); na imprensa, além de outras fontes como Viveiros (1953), Abranches (1941) e Gutierres (1908). Os resultados apontam para a efetiva instituição dessas escolas, seu aumento quantitativo e qualitativo no cenário do Nordeste, bem como para a geração histórica de condições para sua gênese, funcionamento e cumprimento de finalidades sociais de atendimento à população de estratos sociais variados, evidenciando sua significativa contribuição na escolarização de uma parcela da sociedade maranhense, numa relação dialética entre o setor privado e o público, sobretudo quanto atentamos para questões contextuais econômicas, políticas e culturais, bem como quando se observam os estatutos que foram regulando, paulatinamente, o processo de instituição da escola primária privada na província do Maranhão no período em tela.Abstract : This research focuses on the historical process of the institution of private primary schools in the first half of the nineteenth century, in the Maranhão State; however, focuses in particular the city of Sao Luís, capital of the province. The title of this work corroborates the historical production on this topic that has been sidelined, considering its lack in relation to the other as the history of pedagogical ideas, educational reform, the history of the teaching at the secondary and higher education, particularly in the context of Brazilian Empire. The chronological range indicated is demarcated by two dates. The first, in 1834, the year he was given the approval of Law No. 16 of August 12, 1834, in which there were made some changes and additions to the Constitution of the Empire of 1824. Among the changes made under this law, established have been some significant changes, particularly as referred to Chapter V of the Constitution, which abolished the General Councils of provinces and had created in its place the provincial legislatures empowered to legislate on economics, justice, and, among other themes, education. The year of 1854 marks the passage of the Law of Freedom of Schooling, complementing the Additional Act of 1834. It consolidates the expansion of the private sector as a substitute of the State role in Education, accentuating its expansion. This date also corresponds to the time of the creation of the second Regulation of public education in the province of Maranhão, aimed at elementary and secondary education in the province was reorganized, and it means the first time that appear the criteria for the operation of private schools. It s advised that, although linked to the broader field of History of Education, this research tried to address the theoretical and methodological assumptions of so-called History of School Institutions. Then it is to identify and discuss the categories "creation and implementation of school development and school", proposed by Nosella and Buffa (2008, 2009). The study is based on other authors as Santos (2010, 2009) Castro (2010, 2009); Motta (2003); Ng (1988); Werebe (1995); Lima (2008); Amaral (2003); Azevedo (1963); Cardoso (2004); Junior Gatti (2002) and Vechia (1998). The research was based on the documental sources located at the Public Archives of the State of Maranhão andin the State Public Library Benedito Leite. The analysis was based on the reports of the presidents of the province of Maranhão; in Educational Legislation gathered and published (2009); the press, and other sources such as Viveiros (1953), Abranches (1941) and Gutierrez (1908). The results point to the effective establishment of these schools, their quantitative and qualitative increase in the scenery of the Brazilian Northeast, as well as for the generation of historical conditions for its genesis, operation and fulfillment of social objectives of serving the population of various social groups, demonstrating its significant contribution to the education of a portion of Maranhão during the focused period. It indicates a dialectical relationship between the private sector and the public, particularly as we attempt to the economic, political and cultural issues, as well as to the statutes according togradually the process the institution of private primary school in the province of Maranhão happened in the period
O papel da pesquisa científica na formação dos profissionais da informação e na harmonização das relações entre Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
Full text linkNot only to current students but also to those who have graduated in Library Studies longer ago, it is increasingly difficult to understand the connections between the profession they have chosen and the academic system of disciplines and fields. This difficulty becomes worse when they realise that the continuing education opportunities they look for to strengthen their chances in a labour market that is progressively competitive have to be found within this academic system. The goal of the article is to offer some insights to understand this complex issue. To start with, it poses three questions: (1) Who are the information professionals? (2) What do the information professionals do? (3) How should information professionals be educated and trained? Discussing these three points the author concludes that in order to offer a professional education that stays fine-tuned with the market and at the same time stimulates an enriching relationship between Library and Information Studies we should first encourage the students to become managers of their own learning process and to assume active roles in building their own knowledge. Secondly, we should influence them to exercise the scientific research process more frequently. If they apply the research method as a natural way of thinking they will quickly grow as individuals and professionals, developing and improving their skills and judgement. As these two initiatives grow stronger a solid bridge between the professional and the academic worlds of the field will be built
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Procesos de descomposicion de un cerdo desmenbrado (sus scrofa domestica) dentro de sacos plasticos en la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia
No full textLa tafonomía es el estudio de la transición de los restos biológicos desde la muerte hasta la fosilización; en investigación forense resulta ser un desafío la estimación del intervalo post mortem en cuerpos alterados, ya que las fases de descomposición y sus tiempos de duración varían. En cuerpos desmembrados la descomposición es mucho más rápida, pero si el cadáver está confinado en un saco la velocidad y la colonización de insectos se puede retrasar. En esta investigación se documentará el proceso de descomposición de cuatro cerdos desmembrado dentro de sacos plásticos en la ciudad de santa marta, utilizando cuatro cadáveres de cerdos doméstico (Sus scrofa domestica) con un peso de 15kg. Los individuos fueron sacrificados con un golpe en la zona frontal de la cabeza, embolsados e inmediatamente trasportado al sitio de estudio. La investigación se llevó a cabo en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical ubicado en la universidad del magdalena. Tres de los cadáveres fueron desmembrados y colocados en sacos plásticos de manera individual aleatoriamente en el bosque. el cerdo restante, ubicado al aire libre, será utilizado como control y estuvo cubierto por una jaula metálica con un ojo de malla de 3 cm para evitar la intervención de animales carroñeros que puedan intervenir en el experimento. El muestreo se realizó diariamente cada 4 horas y se tomó la temperatura corporal, temperatura ambiente y la humedad. La recolección de insectos fue con redes entomológicas y pinzas; todo lo recolectado se introdujo en frascos con alcohol etílico siendo etiquetadas por la hora, temperatura y humedad. En esta investigación se obtendrá la crono-secuencia de los insectos de importancia forense en un cuerpo desmembrado bajo estas condiciones ambientales, también se documentará los tiempos y cambios en las fases de descomposición de los cadáveres para determinar el IPM bajo estas condiciones
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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