59,126 research outputs found
Children’s experiences of domestic violence: a teaching and training challenge
No full textIn this chapter we explore the complexities of training and teaching students and practitioners about children’s experiences of domestic violence. The research conducted on children’s experiences has tended to focus on negative outcomes, representing these children as damaged and vulnerable (Callaghan and Alexander, 2015; Øverlien, 2013). Such research outlines that children have elevated lifelong risk of mental health difficulties (Bogat et al., 2006; Lamers-Winkelman et al., 2012; Stover, 2005); interpersonal difficulties (Baldry, 2003; Holmes, 2013; Renner and Slack, 2006); educational difficulties and educational drop out (Byrne and Taylor, 2007), and physical health problems (Bair-Merritt et al., 2006). Despite this research representation of children as vulnerable and damaged, services for children who experience domestic violence are often underdeveloped and underfunded (Statham, 2004; Willis et al., 2010), typically additional to adult domestic abuse services, for instance as part of the services offered in family shelters.
In contrast to the established narrative, which positions children as passive witnesses to domestic violence, and as inevitably pathologised, our research on domestic violence (in common with the work of Katz, 2015; Øverlien, 2014; Øverlien and Hydén, 2009) has focused on children as agents who experience domestic violence (Callaghan and Alexander, 2015). The “Understanding Agency and Resistance Strategies” project (UNARS) was a two phase research project, funded by the European Commission and developed in four European countries (Italy, Greece, the UK and Spain). The first phase of the project had two aims: to build an understanding of children’s experiences of domestic violence, with a particular focus on exploring their capacity for agency and resistance; and to develop an understanding of the service and policy landscape that provided a social context for young people’s experiences. In this phase, researchers spent time embedded in domestic violence services and related contexts, and conducted interviews with 107 children and young people, focus groups with adult carers and with professionals who worked with children and young people, and a policy analysis, focused at the regional, national, and European level. Based on the material generated in this phase, in the second phase we developed and evaluated two interventions: one to provide a therapeutic programme, rooted in young people’s experiences, focused on building their existing strengths and supporting their understanding of themselves as agentic, meaning making and creative; the second to provide a training intervention for practitioners who worked with families who had experienced domestic violence and abuse.
This research explored children’s capacity for agency and their ability to resist the controlling and coercive practices inherent in family life when domestic abuse occurs (Callaghan et al., 2016e). In addition we explored how children who experience domestic violence challenge the normative presumptions of developmental psychology and its applications to practice (Callaghan et al., 2016g). Their capacity to care-take for others (Callaghan et al., 2016f), their ability to manage physical and emotional pain (Callaghan et al., 2016b), their monitoring and management of abusive familial dynamics (Callaghan et al., 2016e), and their complex emotional responses (Callaghan et al., 2016a) exceed our assumptions about ‘normal’ childhood (Burman, 2016) In a two year project, we interviewed 107 children and young people who had experienced domestic abuse, conducted focus group interviews with professionals and carers, and this material formed the basis for the therapeutic and training interventions
Pseudotinea caprina HALL & CALLAGHAN 2003, comb. n.
No full textPseudotinea caprina (Hewitson, 1859) comb. n. (figures 5A, B, 10A–D) Calydna caprina Hewitson, 1859: 93. Type locality: Brazil. Syntype W BMNH [examined]. Identification and taxonomy Average FW length: male 17.5 mm. Pseudotinea caprina is a highly distinctive species known only from males. Its ventral surface is most similar to those of the two other south-east Brazilian species, P. hemis and P. gagarini, but there are no prominently continuous pale or dark transverse bands on the hind wing, and the fore wing ground colour is predominantly a darker brown. Pseudotinea caprina is instantly recognizable on the dorsal surface by the single white postdiscal patch on the fore wing. The male genitalia are perhaps most similar to P. gagarini, but the right-hand aedeagal cornutus is flat instead of rolled, with shorter more closely spaced serrations, and the left-hand one has fewer, larger and more rounded spines. Pseudotinea caprina superficially resembles Pachythone robusta Lathy (incertae sedis section [four fore wing radial veins]), from Mato Grosso, Brazil, but this species has even distal margins on both wings, with a pointed hind wing, a falcate fore wing apex, and a concave fore wing costa; the white patch on the dorsal fore wing is positioned more distally and slightly closer to the costal margin, and the ventral surface is more uniformly patterned without such large white blotches. The sympatric Lepricornis atricolor Butler (Riodinini), has an identical dorsal wing pattern to P. caprina except for variably prominent interneural white rays at the wing bases, but its ventral pattern is the same as that of the dorsal surface and the distal wing margins are not scalloped. Biology Nothing is known about the biology of this very rare species, but the occurrence of several sympatric species with very similar black and white dorsal wing patterns, including species in the genera Riodina Westwood, Melanis Hübner and Lepricornis C. and R. Felder (all Riodinini) (see d’Abrera, 1994), suggests that it may be involved in a mimetic relationship with these species. Pseudotinea caprina is another south-east Brazil endemic that should be considered vulnerable in conservation terms. Distribution This species is currently only known from the Serra do Paranapiacaba region of eastern Paraná state and from central Rio de Janeiro state in south-east Brazil (see figure 14). This distribution suggests that it should also be found in mountainous areas such as the Serra do Mar in intervening São Paulo state and perhaps also southern Minas Gerais state. Within Paraná state it should also be looked for in the Serra Geral further inland, which also extends into northern Santa Catarina state to the south. Specimens examined Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Paineiras (May), 1 W UFP; Paraná, Castro, 2 W BMNH; no locality data, 1 W BMNH.Published as part of HALL, JASON P. W. & CALLAGHAN, CURTIS J., 2003, A revision of the new riodinid butterfly genus Pseudotinea (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), pp. 821-837 in Journal of Natural History 37 (7) on pages 834-835, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110096771, http://zenodo.org/record/527438
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Gauge coupling unification in E 6 F-theory GUTs with matter and bulk exotics from flux breaking
No full textWe consider gauge coupling unification in E 6 F-Theory Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) where E 6 is broken to the Standard Model (SM) gauge group using fluxes. In such models there are two types of exotics that can affect gauge coupling unification, namely matter exotics from the matter curves in the 27 dimensional representation of E 6 and the bulk exotics from the adjoint 78 dimensional representation of E 6. We explore the conditions required for either the complete or partial removal of bulk exotics from the low energy spectrum. In the latter case we shall show that (miraculously) gauge coupling unification may be possible even if there are bulk exotics at the TeV scale. Indeed in some cases it is necessary for bulk exotics to survive to the TeV scale in order to cancel the effects coming from other TeV scale matter exotics which would by themselves spoil gauge coupling unification. The combination of matter and bulk exotics in these cases can lead to precise gauge coupling unification which would not be possible with either type of exotics considered by themselves. The combination of matter and bulk exotics at the TeV scale represents a unique and striking signature of E 6 F-theory GUTs that can be tested at the LHC
Preliminary findings of an exploratory study on expressed emotion and aggression in psychiatric nursing
No full textStructural insights into P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) by small angle X-ray scattering and electron crystallography.
No full textP-glycoprotein (ABCB1) is an ATP-binding cassette protein that is associated with the acquisition of multi-drug resistance in cancer and the failure of chemotherapy in humans. Structural insights into this protein are described using a combination of small angle X-ray scattering data and cryo-electron crystallography data. We have compared the structures with bacterial homologues, and discuss the development of homology models for P-glycoprotein based on the bacterial Sav1866 structure.Christopher A. McDevitt, Chitra A. Shintre, J. Günter Grossmann, Naomi L. Pollock, Stephen M. Prince, Richard Callaghan, Robert C. For
FrogID dataset v3.0
No full textFrogID dataset Version 3.0.
Data from the FrogID project (https://www.frogid.net.au/), hosted by the Australian Museum (https://australianmuseum.net.au/) from Nov. 10th, 2017 - Nov. 9th, 2020.
More information, including methodology is in the following papers (and the former is the primary citation for the project):
Rowley, J.J.L., Callaghan, C.T., Cutajar, T., Portway, C., Potter K., Mahony, S, Trembath, D.F., Flemons, P. & Woods, A. (2019). FrogID: Citizen scientists provide validated biodiversity data on frogs of Australia. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 14(1): 155-170. full text.
Rowley, J.J.L, Callaghan CT (2020) The FrogID dataset: expert-validated occurrence records of Australia’s frogs collected by citizen scientists. ZooKeys 912: 139-151. full text
Dual-band pin-patch antenna for wi-fi applications
No full textThe pin-patch antenna provides a low-profile monopolar element suitable for wireless access point requirements. This design concept is extended here to provide dual-band operation. Experimental results are compared to predictions from a FDTD package confirming monopolar radiation in two bands at 2.4 GHz and 5.7 GHz. This band spacing can be adjusted from 1.8:1 to more than 4:1
Pheles caatingensis Callaghan & Nobre, new species
No full textPheles caatingensis Callaghan & Nobre, new species Diagnosis. Pheles caatingensis sp. nov. belongs to the tribe Riodinini Grote 1865 as indicated by a deeply notched posterior section of the tegumen (Fig. 9), and a pedicel forming a posterior tube-like projection not attached to the valvae of the male genitalia (Harvey 1985). Superficially, the new species is closest to the genus Pheles Herrich- Schaeffer [1863], particularly with the species Pheles strigosa, (Staudinger, 1876) and Pheles atricolor (Butler, 1871) sharing the orange scaling on the collar, orange palpae with a short third section, orange scaling on the abdomen around the genitalia, and wing shape and black coloring with a white apical spot on the forewing and with blue streaks between the veins. However, the genitalia of both sexes of P. caatingensis sp. nov. are different from those of Pheles; the male genitalia lack the scobinate patch, or vogelkopf on the end of the pedicel, and have instead a fork serving as a guide for the aedeagus. The aedeagus is modified with a long, curved point on the end. The female genitalia have a highly modified ostium bursae with an evaginated sinus vaginalis and a large, notched medial lamella postvaginalis, all characters not found in Pheles. The antennae are clubbed, and the shaft is without heavy scaling found in Pheles. However, because of the superficial similarities, P. caatingensis sp. nov. is provisionally left in the genus Pheles until its proper generic placement can be ascertained. Description. MALE: (Figs 1,2,7,8,9,11.) Forewing length of holotype: 15.1 mm; Paratypes: 13.5 – 16.0 mm (n= 16). Wing Shape: Forewing costa slightly concave medially, curving slightly to apex, distal margin curved slightly convex to Cu 1, then straight to tornus, anal margin straight. Hindwing costa curved to rounded apex, distal margin rounded from apex to M 3, then straight to rounded tornus, anal margin slightly curved to base. Dorsal surface: Wing ground color black, variable white scaling along the veins, except 3 A. Fringe white and black scaling intermixed with a white marginal line. Forewing with a white 1 mm wide irregular subapical transverse band from R 2 to cell Cu 1 –Cu 2, slightly bent in cell M 3 –Cu 1 with a few scattered brown scales along the edge, and a longitudinal white streak in cell Cu 2 – 2 A. Ventral surface: Maculation and color similar to dorsal surface. Ground color black with variable white scaling along the veins, especially on forewing apex distally of the white subapical band with white streaks distally in cells M 1 –Cu 2 and along costal border of cell; hindwing with white scaling along all veins and additional faint parallel white streaks distally in cells M 1–3 A; some irregular orange scaling at base of both wings; white forewing band as on dorsal surface. Head: Eyes dark brown (grey in live specimens), marginal scaling, frons and head dorsally orange; labial palpi short, light orange with black tips; antennal length 7.9 mm, base of antennae and segments black without heavy scaling, clubs segmented and rough, reddish brown scaling ventrally. Body: Dorsal surface color of thorax black, thorax pubescent laterally, epaulets black; ventral surface of thorax dark grey, pubescent, with a lateral orange spot, forelegs dark grey and very pubescent; midlegs and hindlegs femur black, tibia and tarsus lighter with some yellow scaling; abdomen dorsally black with light scaling caudad on segments, an orange line laterally and tufts of orange scaling around genitalia. Genitalia: (Figs. 7,8,9) Uncus slightly bilobed, tegumen short, with a deeply indented notch on the posterior margin (Fig. 9), falces curved, sharp, posterior extension slightly indented dorsally; vinculum fused to posterior margin of tegumen at base of the notch, vinculum narrow, curving L–shaped with small flange and attached to ventral center of valvae without saccus; valvae cup shaped, extending caudad to a sharp, upward curving point; dorsally from the valvae extends a high, elaborate transtilla fusing the posterior half of the valvae with two sharp, dorsally projecting processes on each side; aedeagus curved, with a long, curved, pointed tip; pedicel forms a posterior tube–like projection from the aedeagus, terminating in a wide, bifurcated structure supporting the aedeagus and connected basally to the valvae. FEMALE: (Figs. 3,4,5,6,10) Forewing length 14.7mm (14.1–15.5mm, n= 4). Wing color and markings nearly identical to male. Wing shape: Forewing, same as male with distal margin slightly broader, hindwing same. Dorsal surface: Ground color black as in male, with white scaling along the veins and the white post discal transverse band slightly wider than on male; margin and fringe white. Ventral surface: Ground color black with veins outlined in white with parallel lines in the cells distad of white band on forewing and on hindwing and some orange scaling at base, as on male. Head: Eyes black, marginal scaling, frons below antennae and dorsally orange, labial palpi slightly longer than male, visible in front of face when viewed dorsally, orange with lighter tips than male, antennae length 7.9 mm, black with black scaling around base, as in male; Body: Dorsal surface color of thorax and abdomen black, ventral surface cream; forelegs, midlegs and hindlegs with dark orange scaling, lighter than male; abdomen (Fig. 6) black with broken orange lateral line, segments outlined caudally with white scaling; slight orange scaling around papillae anales. Genitalia: (Fig. 10) Corpus bursae round with two long, curved and pointed invaginate signa; ductus bursae leaves corpus bursae as wide, short, lightly sclerotized tube; ostium bursae funnel shaped, bent to the right when viewed caudad; the connection to the ductus bursae is a complex sclerotized evaginated tube, the sinus vaginalis, connected to a smaller tube forming a receptacle for the ductus seminalis; the ostium bursae ventrally extends into the medial lamella postvaginalis, which is a broad, deeply notched plate with two rounded processes at the base; papillae anales rounded, deeply bifurcated and pubescent. Type material. Holotype MALE with the following label: BRASIL: Ceará, Brejo Santo –PMN 12, PISF – 08.V. 2013, C.E. Nobre, leg. The holotype is deposited in the Museu Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo) Paratypes: BRASIL: 17 males, 5 females, Ceará, Brejo Santo - PMN 12, PISF – 5 December, 2012, C.E. Nobre, leg; ibid 2 males, PISF – 22 April, 2013, C.E. Nobre leg; ibid 2 males PISF – 22 April, 2013, T.B. Souza, leg; ibid 10 males, PISF – 8 May, 2013, C.E. Nobre, leg.; 1 male (DZ 28.358), 1 female (DZ 21.059), Bahia, Juazeiro, 19 February, 1966, ex- col. D´Almeida(DZUP); 1 male (DZ 28.356), ibid 300m, 19 July, 1973, Cursino & Mielke leg (DZUP); 1 male (DZ 26.411), ibid 17 September, 1967, Cursino leg.(DZUP). Paratypes are deposited in the Museu do CEMAFAUNA-Caatinga, Univasf, Petrolina, and the Coleção Entomológica Pe. J. S. Moure, UFPR (DZUP), and the collection of C. Callaghan, Bogotá, Colombia. Etymology. The species is named after the biogeographic Caatinga Province in which it is found. Biology. The type locality of Pheles caatingensis sp. nov. is situated in the Brazilian Northeastern semiarid domain, in the municipality of Brejo Santo, Ceará state (altitude of 380 meters (7 o 35 ’ 12.67 ’’ S, 38 o 52 ’08.08’’ W; Fig. 23). The average annual rainfall is around 930 mm concentrated between January and April (FUNCEME 2013). The habitat is a narrow gallery forest with trees up to 15 meters high on the margins of the Riacho dos Porcos, a permanent stream sustained by the Açude Atalho dam upstream (Fig. 14). In many spots, crops and pasture replace the native gallery forest as it winds through the surrounding shrub-dense, deciduous Caatinga vegetation. Tree species that occur in this habitat include: Pterogyne nitens Tul., Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir.) Kunth ex DC., Geoffroea spinosa Jacq., Enterolobium contortisiquum (Vell.) Morong, and Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. (Fabaceae); Sideroxylum obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D.Penn (Sapotaceae) and Sapindus saponaria L. (Rhamnaceae); Lianas are abundant, especially in the rainy season, including Serjania glabrata Kunnth (Sapindaceae), and some Araceae (Figs. 12,13,14). In addition to human activities, the gallery forest habitat is threatened by Cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br. (Apocynaceae) an exotic Southeast Asian plant, which occurs throughout the margins of Riacho dos Porcos, and in some spots has replaced the local vegetation (Fig. 15). Due to its known aggressiveness (Grice 1997; Silva & Cavalcante 2009), monitoring this species is important to prevent further damage to the already compromised local gallery forest, in addition to its effects on the biology of Pheles caatingensis sp. nov. The vines and foliage of this plant cut sunlight from the forest floor, limiting the presence of understory vegetation (Fig. 16). This has an impact on the habitat of Pheles caatingensis sp. nov., for in areas where the plant was common, the butterfly was notably infrequent. Pheles caatingensis sp. nov. individuals concentrate in the shade of large trees, resting on the lower surface of the leaves with wings spread and antennae together (Figs. 5,6). On April 25, 2013, after sunset, numerous individuals possibly displaying leck courtship behavior were seen flying rapidly, in short circular patterns around two Geoffroea spinosa trees (Fig. 12). No adults were observed feeding on flowers, although one individual was observed on the wet soil on the river margin (Fig. 11). From the start of the rainy season in December, 2012 to April 2013, the population had increased from about 30 individuals to hundreds, mostly concentrated in an area of gallery forest about 45.000 m ², although individuals were recorded all along the Riacho dos Porcos. However, the population falls during the dry season from June to December. At the same location, there is a large population of Melanis aegates (Hewitson 1874), (Figs.17,18) with individuals displaying similar color pattern and behavior to Pheles caatingensis sp. nov. including leck behavior at sundown, as noted for other Melanis species (Callaghan 2003). M. aegates is also recorded in a similar habitat 300 kilometers northwards in the Ceará State (4 o 33 ’ 40.18 ’’S; 39 o 45 ’ 44.70 ’’W, 470m) according to specimens in the Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) entomological collection but no Pheles caatingensis sp. nov. were seen at this locality (C. E. Nobre, pers. obs.). There is a possible mimicry ring in the area with other insects converging on the black and white wing pattern and yellow/orange scaling on the head and abdomen. In addition to Melanis aegates, the pattern is shared with Acraephia perspicillata (Fabricius 1781), (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) (Fig. 19); Melanchroia chephise (Stoll, 1782) (Fig. 20), Melanchroia aterea (Stoll, 1781) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)(Fig. 21); and Hyperalonia morio erythrocephala (Fabricius, 1805) (Diptera: Bombyliidae) (Fig. 22). These last three, however, are found only in adjacent sunny areas. The black and white wing pattern with blue veins and red/orange head coloring is common throughout the Amazon basin, both in day flying moths, particularly Geometridae, and butterflies of the family Riodinidae. Among the latter are species of Pheles, as mentioned above, and the genus Esthemopsis of the tribe Symmachiini. Among the species of Esthemopsis sharing these patterns are E. alicia (H.W. Bates, 1865), E. pherephatte caeruleata (Godman and Salvin, 1878) and E. teras (Stichel, 1910). This mimicry complex is particularly common in the western Amazon, from eastern Colombia to northern Bolivia (Callaghan, unpublished data). Distribution. (Fig 23) The species appears to be rare and local but widespread. A few individuals were located elsewhere along the Riacho dos Porcos, but not in the same numbers as at the type locality. In June, 2013 an additional colony was located in Cabrobó municipality Pernambuco state (8 19 ' 39.95 '' S, 39 20 ' 23.38 '' W) in a sparse forest consisting mainly of algaroba, (Prosopis julifolia,) along a nearly dry stream bed. There are also specimens in the Coleção Entomológica Pe. J. S. Moure, UFPR (DZUP) from northern Bahia State (Juazeiro, 300m). These findings suggest that Pheles caatingensis sp. nov. is widespread in the Caatinga in other similar humid habitats well into the dry season.Published as part of Callaghan, Curtis J. & Nobre, Carlos Eduardo Beserra, 2014, A new species of Pheles Herrich – Schaeffer from Northeast Brazil (Lepidoptera, Riodinidae), pp. 558-566 in Zootaxa 3780 (3) on pages 559-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/22830
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