171,735 research outputs found
Le risposte istituzionali al calo delle nascite
No full textIn Italia, la questione del calo delle nascite rappresenta una delle più grandi sfide dal punto di vista demografico, culturale, economico e sociale degli ultimi anni. Il persistere di bassi tassi di fecondità totale (TFT), infatti, solleva da tempo numerose preoccupazioni riguardanti la sostenibilità del welfare italiano e del sistema pensionistico che, basandosi sul principio della solidarietà intergenerazionale, rischiano di collassare nella morsa dei recenti squilibri demografici. Inoltre, la tendenza al degiovanimento della popolazione italiana - accompagnata da un continuo aumento degli anziani e dei grandi anziani, portatori di numerosi bisogni in termini socioassistenziali - sembra rendere il quadro ancora più intricato da un punto di vista sia sociale che politico.
Il calo delle nascite è da intendersi, dunque, come un fenomeno complesso e multidimensionale che solleva diverse questioni rispetto al come l'Italia stia reagendo e a a quali siano le politiche pubbliche messe in atto con il fine di sostenere la natalità e facilitare l’approccio delle giovani generazioni alla genitorialità. Occorre notare che se da un lato è vero che l’Italia stia attuando riforme significative nelle sue politiche rivolte alla famiglia, dall’altro, le strategie e le logiche che hanno contraddistinto il welfare italiano fin dalla sua nascita potrebbero limitarne la loro portata innovatrice
Data for: C.M. Calo, et al. 'A study of plant remains from a fluvial shellmound (Monte Castelo, RO, Brazil) using X-Ray MicroCT imaging technique' Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 26 (2019) 101902
No full textStack of 2D reconstructed X-Ray Microtomography images of the plant remain sample SMC_02 from Monte Castelo archaeological site (RO), Brazil.X-Ray MicroCT System: v|tome|x m (LG) Museum of Zoology, University of São Paulo (MZ-USP)Source voltage (keV): 60.0Source current (µA): 180.0Exposure time/projection (s): 1.0Number of projections (n): 1000Total scan angles (n): 360Filters: nonePixel size (µm): 2.84Source to sample distance (FOD) (mm): 11.548Source to detector distance (FDD) (mm): 814.075 Reconstruction software: x|datos; slightly enhanced using FIJI-ImageJTechnical support Alberto B. CarvalhoImage credits: Calo, C. M. and Rizzutto M. A.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
Functional Profile of Systemic and Intrathecal Cebranopadol in Nonhuman Primates
No full textBackground: Cebranopadol, a mixed nociceptin/opioid receptor full agonist, can effectively relieve pain in rodents and humans. However, it is unclear to what degree different opioid receptor subtypes contribute to its antinociception and whether cebranopadol lacks acute opioid-associated side effects in primates. The authors hypothesized that coactivation of nociceptin receptors and μ receptors produces analgesia with reduced side effects in nonhuman primates. Methods: The antinociceptive, reinforcing, respiratory-depressant, and pruritic effects of cebranopadol in adult rhesus monkeys (n = 22) were compared with μ receptor agonists fentanyl and morphine using assays, including acute thermal nociception, IV drug self-administration, telemetric measurement of respiratory function, and itch-scratching responses. Results: Subcutaneous cebranopadol (ED50, 2.9 [95% CI, 1.8 to 4.6] μg/kg) potently produced antinociception compared to fentanyl (15.8 [14.6 to 17.1] μg/kg). Pretreatment with antagonists selective for nociceptin and μ receptors, but not δ and κ receptor antagonists, caused rightward shifts of the antinociceptive dose-response curve of cebranopadol with dose ratios of 2 and 9, respectively. Cebranopadol produced reinforcing effects comparable to fentanyl, but with decreased reinforcing strength, i.e., cebranopadol (mean ± SD, 7 ± 3 injections) versus fentanyl (12 ± 3 injections) determined by a progressive-ratio schedule of reinforcement. Unlike fentanyl (8 ± 2 breaths/min), systemic cebranopadol at higher doses did not decrease the respiratory rate (17 ± 2 breaths/min). Intrathecal cebranopadol (1 μg) exerted full antinociception with minimal scratching responses (231 ± 137 scratches) in contrast to intrathecal morphine (30 μg; 3,009 ± 1,474 scratches). Conclusions: In nonhuman primates, the μ receptor mainly contributed to cebranopadol-induced antinociception. Similar to nociceptin/μ receptor partial agonists, cebranopadol displayed reduced side effects, such as a lack of respiratory depression and pruritus. Although cebranopadol showed reduced reinforcing strength, its detectable reinforcing effects and strength warrant caution, which is critical for the development and clinical use of cebranopadol
The CALO Meeting Assistant System
No full textInternational audienceThe CALO Meeting Assistant (MA) provides for distributed meeting capture, annotation, automatic transcription and semantic analysis of multiparty meetings, and is part of the larger CALO personal assistant system. This paper presents the CALO-MA architecture and its speech recognition and understanding components, which include real-time and offline speech transcription, dialog act segmentation and tagging, topic identification and segmentation, question-answer pair identification, action item recognition, decision extraction, and summarization
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor system blockade as an innovative strategy for increasing resilience to stress
No full textThe ability to successfully cope with stress is known as 'resilience', and resilient individuals are less prone to develop psychopathologies. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of resilience may be instrumental to improve current therapies and benefit high-risk subjects. This review summarizes the complex interplay that exists between physiological and pathological responses to stressful events and the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) – N/OFQ receptor (NOP) system, including: the effects of stress in regulating N/OFQ release and NOP expression; the ability of the N/OFQ-NOP system to modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; behavioral studies; and evidence in humans correlating this peptidergic system with psychopathologies. Available findings support the view that N/OFQ signaling stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, thus increasing stress circulating hormones and corticotropin-releasing factor signaling. Additionally, activation of the NOP receptor inhibits monoamine transmission, including 5-HT, and this may contribute to maladaptive outcomes of stress. Ultimately, the N/OFQ system seems to have an important role in stress vulnerability, and blockade of NOP signaling may provide an innovative strategy for the treatment of stress related psychopathologies
Arte Programmata e La Salita grande vendita : due mostre a confronto
No full textNei primissimi anni ‘60 il dibattito sulle prospettive dell’Italia è animato: il pericolo è che società e cultura risultino danneggiate dall’incontro con la civiltà di massa e con il mercato. La cultura figurativa, nella pluralità delle sue voci, propende per l’osservazione e l’azione. Strutturalmente portata alle immagini, si spinge a dialogare con le forme e i linguaggi della ‘modernità’ cogliendone dimensioni, deviamenti e funzioni. Lo dimostrano due mostre collettive: Arte Programmata, presentata da Umberto Eco nel negozio Olivetti della Galleria Vittorio Emanuele di Milano [1962] e La Salita Grande vendita organizzata dal gallerista Gian Tommaso Liverani a Roma, utilizzando i banchi espositivi de La Standa [1963]. I due eventi espositivi, al centro del mio intervento, entrambi allestiti in un contesto ‘commerciale’, saranno i casi per esaminare due modalità dell’arte contemporanea – una ‘programmata’ e l’altra ‘spontanea’ – di dialogare con il reale tra i poli dell’incontro e del conflitto, in bilico tra il procedere a un’analisi strutturale della realtà per meglio comprenderla o criticarla, e l’apparente sfuggire alla prima linea descrivendo dati di fatto o usando l’arma dell’ironia.In the early 60s the debate about Italy's prospects is animated: the danger is that society and culture could be damaged by encountering mass civilization and market. Figurative culture, in the plurality of its voices, tends towards observation and action. Structurally leaning towards images, it pushes itself to dialogue with forms and languages of 'modernity', capturing its dimensions, deviations and functions. This is demonstrated by two group exhibitions: Arte Programmata, presented by Umberto Eco in the Olivetti store in the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele in Milan [1962] and La Salita Grande Vendita organized by Gian Tommaso Liverani in Rome, using La Standa display counters [1963]. These two exhibition events, both set up in a 'commercial' context, will be the cases to examine two ways - a 'programmed' and a 'spontaneous' one - how contemporary art dialogues with reality between encounter and conflict, in tension between proceeding to a structural analysis of reality and the apparent escape from first line describing facts or using the weapon of irony
Corpo a corpo. Estetica e politica nell'arte italiana degli anni Sessanta
No full textCorpo a corpo. Estetica e politica nell’arte italiana degli anni Sessanta affronta le vicende dell’arte in Italia dal 1959 al 1969 – dallo “scandalo” dei Sacchi di Alberto Burri allo scioglimento del gruppo dell’Arte povera – ricostruendo le diverse ipotesi, spesso in competizione, attraverso le quali è stata interpretata la modernità in un decennio cruciale nella vicenda del Paese e il fitto scambio che vi ebbe luogo tra creazione artistica, riflessione teorica, militanza critica e sfera politica in senso ampio. La produzione artistica e critica del decennio viene infatti riletta alla luce della storia culturale del periodo, analizzando alcuni dei nodi – opere, inchieste, dibattiti, mostre – in cui appaiono temi estetici e politici quali la società di massa, il sistema, il mercato, la militanza, restituendo quella pluralità di sguardi che costituisce ancor oggi la ricchezza maggiore, e forse mai più raggiunta, degli anni Sessanta, il decennio decisivo per il superamento della concezione tradizionale dell’opera in cui per molti l’immaginazione è stata effettivamente al potere.Corpo a corpo. Aesthetics and Politics in the Italian Art of the 1960s deals with the events of art in Italy from 1959 to 1969 - from the "scandal" of Alberto Burri's Sacchi to the dissolution of the Arte Povera group - reconstructing the different and often competing hypotheses through which modernity was interpreted in a crucial decade in the country's history and the dense exchange that took place between artistic creation, theoretical reflection, critical militancy and the political sphere in the broadest sense. The artistic and critical production of the decade is in fact reread in the light of the cultural history of the period, analysing some of the nodes - works, enquiries, debates, exhibitions - in which aesthetic and political themes such as mass society, the system, the market, militancy appear, restoring that plurality of outlooks that still today constitutes the greatest wealth, and perhaps never again achieved, of the 1960s, the decade that was decisive in overcoming the traditional conception of the work in which for many the imagination was effectively in power
Alighiero Boetti lo stra-vagante
No full textIn questo scritto, seguendo il filo tracciato da una selezione di materiali conservati presso l’Archivio Alighiero Boetti, si propone l’analisi di alcuni lavori connessi al tema del viaggio e dell’esodo privilegiando quelli legati a quell’azzeramento, peculiare della cultura del deserto, che Boetti aveva fatto propria. Le opere esaminate (Dodici forme dal giugno 1967, Territori occupati (1967-1971), Mappa (1971-1973) sono testimonianze della straordinaria capacità di arrivare all’essenziale e di quella libertà dell’artista, che Anne Marie Sauzeau ha definito ‘stra-vaganza’.In this paper, following the thread traced by a selection of materials preserved in the Alighiero Boetti Archive, we propose the analysis of some works related to the themes of the journey and the exodus, favoring those related to that zeroing, peculiar to culture of the desert, which Boetti had made his own. The works examined (Twelve Forms from June 1967, Occupied Territories (1967-1971), Map (1971-1973)) are all testimonies of that extraordinary ability to get to the essentials and the freedom of the artist, which Anne Marie Sauzeau has defined as “extra-vagance”
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