599 research outputs found
A semiotic analysis of the short stories of Leonid Andreyev, 1900-1909
No full textThis thesis applies the techniques of semiotic analysis to a selection of short stories by Leonid Andreyev in an attempt to offer one answer to the problems of categorising Andreyev's unique art and placing it within a literary-evolutionary perspective. The semiotic method was chosen because of its ability both to assimilate literary texts to the supra-individual processes with which it works, and at the same time to delineate an author's particular contribution to these processes. Drawing on a range of literary theory from early Russian Formalism onwards, the study proceeds from one level to another according to a principle of "degree of abstraction", so that each level constitutes firstly an independent account of Andreyev's texts in itself, and secondly one stage in an overall analysis. The analysis at each level pinpoints, in its own terms, a series of semiotic tensions or clashes as being at the heart of Andreyev's literary system. Conflict within his stories between the principles of poetry and prose, metaphor and metonymy, 'discourse' and 'story' and between codes of allegory and codes of reference are among the major tensions highlighted. These tensions are in turn used to account for the fantastic element in Andreyev's stories (tension and ambiguity being the key features of Fantastic literature as defined by many literary theoreticians).The unique, Andreyevan version of the Fantastic is viewed as an index of Andreyev's position in literary evolution at a point of transition between an older, authoritative, transitive mode of narration and a more recent, non-authoritative mode which has come to dominate much twentieth-century literature. The final reference-point for all these tensions is demonstrated to be a shift in modern culture as a whole towards a more impersonal. Mythic thought-system, a shift at the centre of which the art of Leonid Andreyev can be convincingly placed. The material drawn upon includes, in addition to the corpus of Andreyev stories specified, a wide range of works by Andreyev's contemporaries and also the hitherto unexploited draft-manuscripts to a number of Andreyev stories held in the Hoover Institution, U.S.A.A Glossary of the most commonly used theoretical terms is provided at the end of the study
The Content and Implementation of Electronic Assist Device of Locomotive Drivers
No full textPaberivaba tehnoloogia peab saabuma iga ettevõttesse ja iga ettevõtlus valib ise kui suures mahus seda kasutada. Samas on fakt, et arvuti oskab arvutada ja arvestada kiiremini kui inimene ning arvuti põhine infosüsteem on kasulik arendus. Pabervaba arendusega ettevõtte on keskkonnasõbralik. Tahvelarvuti kasutamisel vedurijuhi käsiraamatuna ja dokumentide edastamise seadmena: likvideerime suure koguse dokumentatsiooni ja juhendeid paberkandjal ning paigutame neid ühte väiksesse tahvelarvutisse; dokumendid ja juhendid on parem leitavad arvutipõhisel süsteemis kui paberikandjal; juhendid ja korrad on vahetatavad ühe liigutusega arvuti ekraanil; kogu dokumentide ja juhendite olemasolu vedurijuhi käsiraamatus ja nende kehtivust saab jälgida vaid üks töötaja. vedurimeeskonna töö optimeerimine dokumentatsiooni täitmisel ja nendele dokumentatsiooni edastamisel; informatsiooni liikumine muutub operatiivsemaks; digitaalse dokumentatsiooni üle on parem ülevaade ja kontroll. Paigutades infosüsteemi kõik juhendid, saame paberikulu ja printerite kasutamist vähendada. Arvestades juhendite, dokumentide ja käskkirjade mahuga, paberi ja printeri tööga seotud kulud vähenevad kordades. Tahvelarvuti kasutamisel elektroonilise liinilehena saame: vedurimeeskonna töö lihtsustamine liinilehe täitmisel; inimressurssi optimeerimine; veduri liikumise ja vedurimeeskonna tööaja informatsioon muutub operatiivsemaks. Liinilehe täitmise ja peale seda üleandmist infosüsteemi sisestamise vajadus praktiliselt kaob. Peale liinilehe loomise infosüsteemi poolt peab töötaja seda kontrollima ja kinnitama selle õigsust. Töö kirjutamis hetkel liinilehe andmist näevad infosüsteemi kasutajad alles peale selle sisestamist, kuid elektrooniliseks muutmiseks saab seda näha kohe täitumisel. Tahvelarvuti kasutamisel vedurijuhtimise abistavana infosüsteemina: veduri juhtimine muutub lihtsamaks; veduri juhtimine muutub kontrollitavaks; noorte vedurijuhtide hea koolitus; kütuse kulu optimeerimine. Vedurijuhile rongi käitamiseks annab nõu arvuti eelnevalt parimate tulemuste põhjal loodud maketi alusel. Vedurijuht, täites neid juhiseid, saab jälgida nende efektiivsust ja õigsust. Vedurijuhi poolseid soovitusi täitmise kohta saab hoida kontrolli all. Veduri juhtimise soovitustega infosüsteem on hea noorte vedurijuhtide koolitaja. Tavaliselt iga uue süsteemi elluviimine ja iga uuenduse töösse juurutamisel toob kaasa kulu, kuid antud töö tulemusena saab juurutada infosüsteeme lõpptulemusena saades sellest tulu. Töö optimeerimine ja lihtsustamine toob kaasa töötajate suurema tähelepanu teistesse tööülesannetesse. Selle juures riskid ei ole suured ja osaliselt saab neid maandada miinimumini.The author of this thesis presents the research probleem from a large amount of instructions, which are given to the locomotive driver for inspection and also from documentation which the locomotive driver needs to fill out during his work shift. At the moment of writing this thesis, all of the documentation is made by hand or printed on paper. In order to achieve a more environmentally friendly work technology aiming to become paperless, the author develops electronic mock-ups for the operation of tablets and IT-systems. In addition, the author describes the method of transmitting the documentation to locomotive driver without delays and getting prompt feedback. At the same time, with the help of an IT-system, the author develops a possibility to create an application which assists the locomotive driver at his duties. The development includes the integration of existing resources and existing Technologies. As a result of this thesis, a tablet will be installed on a locomotive to which will be gathered different information systems: documentation for the locomotive driver – the driver has access to all necessary documents while working on the locomotive; documentation to be processed by the locomotive driver – an information exchange system created with a server and personal e-mail account to fill necessary documents and/or to receive documents and verify confirmations about receiving them. For formation of electronical work sheet – for making more interactive and operational the existing GPS and information system about train and locomotive data To assist train driving – an information system based on previous train service results to reduce fuel consuption and to control locomotive operations. The thesis examines the potential risks in operating the information system and the healing of these risks. Risks can occur in two varieties, one of which is a technical failure and, secondly, a human factor. Technical failures can be prevented by additional recording method, which can later be found and supplemented in the system. The risk from the human factor is language skills and attention. These risks can be prevented by the translation and verification method
Leonid A. Kurdachenko (dedicated to 70th Birthday)
No full textLeonid A. Kurdachenko is definitely one of the most productive group theorists. His list of publications consists of more than 250 journal articles published in major mathematics journals in many countries including Ukraine, USA, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, China, Greece, Brazil, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Turkey, and Russia. He is an author of more than a dozen of books published by such prestigious publishers as John Wiley & Sons (USA), Birkhäuser (Swiss), World Scientific (United Kingdom), and others. He is a very popular invited speaker and visiting professor in many international conferences and universities, including University of Zaragoza, University of Naples, University of Salerno, University of Alabama, and others. He supervised 9 Ph.D. students and a D.Sc. student who actively work in algebra. His input in the development of Ukrainian algebra is difficult to overestimate
Leonid A. Kurdachenko (dedicated to 70th Birthday)
No full textLeonid A. Kurdachenko is definitely one of the most productive group theorists. His list of publications consists of more than 250 journal articles published in major mathematics journals in many countries including Ukraine, USA, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, China, Greece, Brazil, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Turkey, and Russia. He is an author of more than a dozen of books published by such prestigious publishers as John Wiley & Sons (USA), Birkhäuser (Swiss), World Scientific (United Kingdom), and others. He is a very popular invited speaker and visiting professor in many international conferences and universities, including University of Zaragoza, University of Naples, University of Salerno, University of Alabama, and others. He supervised 9 Ph.D. students and a D.Sc. student who actively work in algebra. His input in the development of Ukrainian algebra is difficult to overestimate
„Thought” by Leonid Andreyev thought in the context of Blaise Pascal's „Pensées”
No full textThe article describes Thought by Leonid Andreyev as a kind of contemporary artistic reflection of paradoxes descended from Thoughts by Blaise Pascal. The short story Thought by Leonid Andreyev is examined as a creative orientation of its author to Thoughts by Blaise Pascal. A comparative analysis of both works proves that, beside the antynomic vision of man and the world, Andreyev shares with Pascal a similar usage of notions such as thought, imagination, and abyss. The former, however, simplifies the ideas and views of the prominent philosopher in order to better reach the consciousness of the modern reader
Kondratieff Waves, Technological Modes, and the Theory of Production Revolutions
No full textIn the present article Kondratieff waves theory is considered in comparison with the theory of production revolutions which analyzes the regularities of the major technological breakthroughs in history. Both theories analyze the processes of cyclic nature related to the innovative technological development of the World-System. The mutual comparison of both theories allows the author to make important clarifications in understanding of the long-wave dynamics as a whole, as well as to give relevant explanations of the peculiarities of the unfolding of each of the five waves and their phases, to make forecasts about the sixth wave and the development of technologies of the sixth technological mode. The special attention is paid to the analysis of aspects and limitations of the theory of technological modes, as it is used by many researchers to explain the causes of the long-wave dynamics
Leonid Biletskyi as Historian of Ukrainian Literature
No full textУ статті досліджено історико-літературні концепції літературознавчих праць відомого
українського вченого з діаспори Леоніда Білецького. На обширному матеріалі його студій з
українського письменства, написаних здебільшого в еміграції, їх проаналізовано крізь авторську
методологію вивчення ідейно-естетичних явищ національної літератури; виявлено її прикметні
риси, специфічні принципи та погляди на існування й розвиток історико-літературного процесу –
через факти, зміни, художні персоналії тощо. Для дослідження поставленої мети й завдань
використано філологічний, порівняльно-історичний та генетичний методи. Це дало змогу
проаналізувати специфіку поглядів Леоніда Білецького як історика національного письменства,
починаючи від його навчального підручника “Історія української літератури”, що є своєрідною
енциклопедією національної культурно-історичної духовності нашого народу, і завершуючи цілою
низкою “портретових історій” багатьох письменників давнього, нового і новітнього українського
письменства.The paper deals with historical and literary concepts in the works of the Ukrainian scholar from
diaspora Leonid Biletskyi based on the extensive material of his studies on the Ukrainian literature.
Using philological, comparative historical and genetic methods the author of the paper analyzes these
concepts in the light of Biletskyi’s methodology of studying the ideological and aesthetic phenomena
of a national literature that includes revealing characteristic features, specific principles and views
on the existence and development of the literary process. This method allows outlining specificity
of Leonid Biletskyi as a historian of the national literature, noticeable in his textbook “The History of
Ukrainian Literature”, being a kind of encyclopedia of the national cultural and historical spirituality of
Ukrainians, as well as in a series of the ‘portrait stories’ presenting many writers of the old, new and
contemporary literature.
The paper reveals and systematizes historical and literary approaches of the scholar to studying
literary and artistic phenomena, processes and certain works. The literary critic evaluated every
ideological and aesthetic phenomenon of the national literature based on the general literary criteria.
His analysis started from the form (genre, style, stylistics), as, according to the researcher, the form
renders the development of the literary process, in which only the core of the author’s artistic thinking –
a man and his being – remains unchanged. At the same time Leonid Biletskyi grounded his estimation
of the writer’s works and creativity not only on the development of the national literature, but also on
the changes in social consciousness of the time. Thus, as a historian of literature, he managed to
combine in his scholarly thinking the subjectivity and objective development of the literary process.
The historical concepts of Leonid Biletskyi haven’t been studied sufficiently yet. The present paper
offers the first review and systematization of them and aims at revealing the special views of the
emigration scholar on the development of the Ukrainian literature
N. P. Smirnov et les Russkie novosti
No full textLeonid A. Shlychkov, N.P. Smirnov and Russkie novosti. In this article, the author recounts the life and works of N.P. Smirnov (1898-1978). Journalist, literary critic (Krasnaia nov', Novyi mir), landscape writer member of Pereval, N.P. Smirnov was sentenced in 1934 for being Trotskyist. From 1961 onward, he was one of the main contributors to the pro-Soviet weekly Russkie novosti (1945-1970) published in Paris, whose history and contents are also examined. A great admirer of Bunin, Smirnov built a bridge between Soviet and émigré literatures.Leonid A. Šlyčkov, N.P. Smirnov et les Russkie novosti. L'article retrace la vie et l'œuvre de N.P. Smimov (1898-1978), journaliste, critique littéraire (Krasnaja nov', Novyj mir), écrivain paysagiste membre de Pereval, condamné en 1934 pour trotskisme, devenu à partir de 1961 l'un des principaux collaborateurs du journal prosoviétique de Paris Russkie novosti (1945-1970), dont l'histoire et le contenu sont également examinés. Grand admirateur de Bunin, Smirnov fut l'un des ponts entre la littérature soviétique et celle de l'émigration.Šlyčkov Leonid A., Niqueux Michel. N. P. Smirnov et les Russkie novosti. In: Cahiers du monde russe : Russie, Empire russe, Union soviétique, États indépendants, vol. 38, n°3, Juillet-septembre 1997. pp. 415-428
Image of a Child in Short Stories of Leonid Andreyev
No full textThis bachelor thesis deals with a child character in the short stories of Leonid Andreyev. The aim of the thesis is to find out the importance of a child in works of this author. To achieve this aim, the author of this thesis uses specialized literature and especially her own analysis of the stories. The first and the second part of the thesis concentrate on the general political and cultural overview of that time. It also focuses on the connection between Andreyev's works and artistic movements of his time. The third chapter informs about the development of a childhood theme in the literature and aspects of a childhood appearing in the works of Russian writers of 19th century. Especially in the books of Dostoyevsky, Tolstoy and Chekhov whose output probably influenced Andreyev mainly. The fourth part is devoted to Andreyev's life, writing and the typology of his characters. The fifth part includes an analysis of some stories which are divided into three groups, according to the function which a child fulfills there. At first are described the stories in which children are the main characters while their role in the stories of the other group is just symbolic. The story called "The Book" is analyzed on its own as it is not possible to place it into any of the created groups. The last part is..
A man as a Buddhist imaginary in L. Yuzefovich's novel “Cranes and Dwarfs”
No full textBuddhism finds a diverse reflection in the work of L. Yuzefovich for many decades. Buddhist ideas and motifs are present in his early book “The Autocrat of the desert. Baron R. Ungern von Sternberg and the world in which he lived,” in some of his other prose texts, in poetry. In the proposed work, within the framework of a large study devoted to the Buddhist text of modern Russian literature, the influence of Buddhism on Leonid Yuzefovich's novel “Cranes and Dwarfs” is analyzed. The Buddhist idea of the illusory nature of reality and man is reflected in the plot of the work and in the organization of the system of characters. The novel intrigue is based on the principle of repetition, realized in space, time and in human destinies. The heroes of “Cranes and Dwarfs,” according to one of the possible interpretations offered by the novel, represent one consciousness that changes its forms in Russian history. At the same time, the illusory nature of a separate human existence is perceived by the author not in a pessimistic way, but as evidence of the spiritual kinship of all living things. The author also draws parallels to a similar perception of reality and people in the novel “Prince of the Wind” and the story “Sand Riders” by Yuzefovich and the book by E. Limonov “The Old Man Travels.
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