130,522 research outputs found
Environmental Change and Migration: Governmental Compensation Policies to Natural Disasters Victims and Urbanization Process: A Case Study of Wildfires in Russian Federation in 2010
No full textBobylev N. Environmental Change and Migration: Governmental Compensation Policies to Natural Disasters Victims and Urbanization Process: A Case Study of Wildfires in Russian Federation in 2010. COMCAD Arbeitspapiere - Working Papers, 100. Bielefeld: COMCAD - Center on Migration, Citizenship and Development; 2011
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
General Methods of the Construction of Discrete Kinetic Models with Given Conservation Laws
No full textIn the present work we consider the general problem of the construction of discrete kinetic models (DKMs) with given conservation laws. This problem was first stated by R. Gatignol [1] in connection with discrete models of the Boltzmann equation (BE), when it became clear that the velocity discretization can lead to equations with spurious conservation laws (not linear combinations of physical invariants). The problem has been addressed in the last decade by several authors, in particular by Cercignani, Bobylev, Vedenyapin, and Cornille. Even though a practical criterion for the non-existence of spurious conservation laws has been devised [2], and a method for enlarging existing physical models by new velocity points without adding non-physical invariants has been proposed [3], a general algorithm for the construction of all normal (physical) discrete models with assigned conservation laws, in any dimension and for any number of points, is still lacking in the literature. We develop such a general algorithm in the present work. We introduce the most general class of discrete kinetic models and obtain a general method for the construction and classification of normal DKMs. In particular, it is proved that for any given dimension d 2 and for any sufficiently large number N of velocities (for example, N 6 for the planar case d = 2) there exists just a finite number of distinct (non-equivalent) classes of DKMs. We apply the general method in the particular cases of discrete velocity models (DVMs) of the inelastic BE and elastic BE. In the first case, we show that all normal models can be explicitly described. In the second case, we give a complete classification of normal models up to 9 velocities and show that the extension method [3], does not lead to all normal DVMs. Using our general approach to DKMs and our results on normal DVMs for a single gas, we develop a method for the construction of the most natural (from physical point of view) subclass of normal DVMs for binary gas mixtures. We call such models supernormal models (SNMs) (they have the property that by isolating the velocities of one-kind particles of the single gases involved in the mixture, the corresponding discrete models for a single gas are also normal models). We apply this method and obtain SNMs with up to 20 velocities and their spectrum of mass ratio. Finally, we develop a new method that can lead, by symmetric transformations, from a given normal DVM to extended normal DVMs. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. The support by the grant 2003-5357 from Swedish Research Council for both authors is gratefully acknowledged.REFERENCES [1] R. Gatignol, Théorie Cinétique des Gaz à Répartition Discrète de Vitesses, Springer-Verlag, New-York, 1975[2] V. V. Vedenyapin, Y. N. Orlov, Teoret. and Math. Phys., 121, 1516-1523 (1999)[3] A. V. Bobylev, C. Cercignani, J. Statist. Phys., 97, 677-686 (1999) </p
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