111 research outputs found
Energy Management Strategy for Commercial Buildings Integrating PV and Storage Systems
No full textThis paper presents an energy management strategy for a commercial building in supermarket application. Some objectives are established as load shedding, to reduce the electricity bill and the CO2 emissions of commercial building, such as supermarkets, in using PV and storage systems. An energy management supervision strategy based on the rules of the electricity bill will be presented. This paper focuses on the supervision strategy with the help of fuzzy logic. It is shown, with the help of simulations and comparisons, that the energy bill cost and the CO2 emissions can be reduced by using the solution proposed.ADEME, projet GISE
Special Issue ELECTRIMACS 2019 ENERGY Modelling and computational simulation for control and diagnosis in renewable energy systems, energy storage, innovative devices and materials
No full textSystème inertiel de stockage d'énergie associé à des générateurs éoliens
No full textThe big problem of the decentralized renewable energy sources is that they do not participate to the ancillary services (voltage regulation, frequency regulation, black-start, operation in islanding). For this reason, this energy sources are considered as negative charges for the power system. The voltage and frequency regulation are reported on the classical generators, form the big power plants. The penetration rate of the decentralized energy production, i.e. the ration between its generated power and the consumed power, must be limited in order to keep the good control of the power system. This is particularly right for the renewable energy sources whose the primary source is very fluctuant and very difficult to predict. Consequently, for the wind generators, the penetration rate is limited at 20 - 30 %. Even if actually the wind generators do not participate to the ancillary services, this must be changed because of the augmentation of the installed wind systems. Because of the primary source of theses generators (the wind), which is very fluctuant and unpredictable, a stand-alone wind generator cannot ensure the control of the generated power. So, we need a storage system operating as an energy buffer between the generator and the consumer. The storage system must have a high dynamics in order to operate in real time, in function of the generated and consumed power fluctuations, respectively. The flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is appropriated for this type of application because of its characteristics: high dynamics, good efficiency, long lifetime (similar to the wind generators), ecological system, etc. So, the first aim of this work was the study of the FESSs form the point of view of their association with the wind generators. The second target was to developing the control and supervision methods for a FESS associated with variable speed wind generator. The aim was to control the power flow between the generator and the consumer, in order allow these generators to participate at the ancillary services and to operate in islanding. Finally, the third target was to develop a test bench allowing the particle implementation of the theoretical principles.Le problème majeur associé aux sources d'énergie décentralisées est qu'elles ne participent en général pas aux services système (réglage de la tension, de la fréquence, démarrage en autonome ou black-start, possibilité de fonctionner en îlotage, etc.). Le fait de ne pas participer aux services système amène ce type de source à se comporter comme des générateurs passifs du point de vue électrique. Le réglage de la tension et de la fréquence est dès lors reporté sur les alternateurs classiques. Le taux de pénétration de la production décentralisée, c'est-à-dire la puissance qu'elle génère par rapport à la puissance consommée, doit alors être limité afin de pouvoir garantir la stabilité du réseau dans des conditions acceptables. Ceci est particulièrement vrai pour les sources à énergie renouvelable dont la source primaire est difficilement prévisible et très, comme c'est le cas de l'éolien pour lequel certains retours d'expérience indiquent que lors de taux de pénétration supérieur à 20 ou 30 % des problèmes de stabilité peuvent apparaître. Même si actuellement les éoliennes ne participent pas au réglage de la production, cela doit être changé à cause de l'augmentation continue de leurs taux de pénétration dans les réseaux électriques. En raison de la source primaire de ces systèmes de production d'énergie (le vent), qui est très aléatoire et imprévisible, une éolienne seule ne peut pas faire le réglage de la production. Donc, on a besoin d'un système de stockage jouant le rôle de tampon entre la source et le consommateur. Le système de stockage doit être assez dynamique afin qu'il soit capable d'agir en temps réel, en fonction des fluctuations de la puissance générée et consommée. Le système inertiel de stockage d'énergie (SISE) est approprié pour ce type d'application en raison de ces caractéristiques: bonne dynamique, bon rendement, durée de vie similaire à l'éolienne, écologique, etc. Donc, le premier but de ce travail a été de faire une étude approfondie sur les SISEs. L'étude a été faite du point de vue de l'association du SISE avec un générateur éolien. Le deuxième objectif de la thèse a été d'étudier et de proposer des méthodes de contrôle et supervision d'un SISE associé à un générateur éolien à vitesse variable. Le but est de contrôler le transit de puissance entre le générateur et le réseau ou la charge isolée, afin de rendre les systèmes éoliens capables à fournir des services systèmes et de fonctionner en îloté. Enfin, le troisième objectif a été de réaliser une plateforme expérimentale permettant l'implantation pratique et l'expérimentation des principes développés en théorie
Vector control of induction machines
No full textAfter a brief introduction to the main law of physics and fundamental concepts inherent in electromechanical conversion, ""Vector Control of Induction Machines"" introduces the standard mathematical models for induction machines - whichever rotor technology is used - as well as several squirrel-cage induction machine vector-control strategies. The use of causal ordering graphs allows systematization of the design stage, as well as standardization of the structure of control devices. ""Vector Control of Induction Machines"" suggests a unique approach aimed at reducing parameter sensitivity fo
Commandes numériques évoluées d'actionneurs à courant alternatif
No full textDoctorat en sciences appliquées -- UCL, 199
Physical-Layer Fingerprinting of LoRa devices using Supervised and Zero-Shot Learning
No full text© 2017 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM. Physical-layer fingerprinting investigates how features extracted from radio signals can be used to uniquely identify devices. This paper proposes and analyses a novel methodology to ingerprint LoRa devices, which is inspired by recent advances in supervised machine learning and zero-shot image classification. Contrary to previous works, our methodology does not rely on localized and low-dimensional features, such as those extracted from the signal transient or preamble, but uses the entire signal. We have performed our experiments using 22 LoRa devices with 3 different chipsets. Our results show that identical chipsets can be distinguished with 59% to 99% accuracy per symbol, whereas chipsets from different vendors can be fingerprinted with 99% to 100% accuracy per symbol. The ingerprinting can be performed using only inexpensive commercial off-the-shelf software defined radios, and a low sample rate of 1 Msps. Finally, we release all datasets and code pertaining to these experiments to the public domain.sponsorship: The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, and Enrique Argones, Bram Bonne, Rafael Galvez and Balazs Nemeth for their support. This work was supported in part by a Ph.D. grant of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), the Research Council KU Leuven C16/15/058, the Flemish Government through the imec Distributed Trust program, in particular the Netsec project, and through ICON project Diskman. (Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Research Council KU Leuven|C16/15/058, Flemish Government through the imec Distributed Trust program, Flemish Government through ICON project Diskman, Flemish Government through Netsec project)status: Publishe
Fuzzy logic based supervisor of a wind farm including storage system and able to work in islanding mode
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, the possibility of a generating system, which associates a variable speed wind turbine and a flywheel energy storage system, to participate to the power network management is investigated. The connection to a power grid of a farm including three of them is considered. A solution is proposed to allow wind generators to work as voltage sources with the help of a frequency droop. It is shown that the power generated by these systems can be controlled by fixing the power set point when they are connected to the grid, and that, in case of islanding, they can share the global load of the isolated network. This paper focuses on the storage level management with the help of fuzzy logi
Variable speed turbine based wind farm including storage system connected to a power grid or islanded
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, the possibility of a generating system, which associates a variable speed wind turbine and a flywheel energy storage system, to participate to the ancillary services is investigated. The connection to a power grid of a farm including three of them is considered. A solution is proposed to allow wind generators to work as voltage sources with the help of a frequency droop. It is shown that the power generated by these systems can be controlled by fixing the power set point when they are connected to the grid, and that, in case of islanding, they can share the global load of the isolated network
Procédure d'apprentissage non supervisé pour l'analyse non intrusive de la consommation des appareils électriques
No full textThere is a continuously growing amount of appliances and energy dependent services in households. To date, efforts have mostly focused on energy efficiency, however behavior changes are required for a more sustainable energy consumption. People therefore need to understand their consumption habits to be able to adapt them. Appliance-specific feedback is probably the most efficient way to impact behaviors, since people need to ‘see’ where their electricity goes. Smart meters, currently being extensively rolled out in Europe and in the U.S. are good potential candidates to provide end-users withenergy advice. The required functionalities must however be rapidly defined if they are expected to be integrated in the future massive roll out.Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring aims to derive appliance-specific information from the aggregate electricity consumption. While techniques have been developed since the 80’s, those mainly address the identification of previously learned appliances, from a database. Building such a database is an intrusive and tedious process which should be avoided. Whereas most recent efforts have focused on unsupervised techniques to disambiguate energy consumption into individual appliances, they usually rely on prior information about measured appliances such as the number of appliances, the number of states in each appliance as well as the power they consume in each state. This information should ideally be learned from the data. This topic will be addressed in the present research.This work will present a framework for unsupervised learning for nonintrusive applianceload monitoring. It aims to discover information about appliances of a household solely from its aggregate consumption data, with neither prior information nor user intervention. The learning process can be segmented into five tasks: the detection of on/off switching, the extraction of individual load signatures, the identification ofrecurrent signatures, the discovery of two-state electrical devices and, finally, the elaborationof appliance models. The first four steps will be addressed in this paper.The suite of algorithms proposed in this work allows to discover the set of two-states electrical loads from their aggregated consumption. This, along with the evaluationof their operating sequences, is a prerequisite to learn appliance models from the data. Results show that loads consuming power down to some dozens of watts can be learned from the data. This should encourage future researchers to consider such an unsupervised learning.Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieurinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
ModAICSS : Modelling of the acceptance and the involvement of consumers and electricity producers for multi-stakeholder energetic supervision
No full textLes défis environnementaux auxquels nous sommes confrontés impliquent de consommer moins, plus efficacement, et de produire de manière moins impactante. D'un point de vue électrique, la gestion d'énergie dans les réseaux est un des points cruciaux pour atteindre la meilleure efficacité possible tout en augmentant la pénétration d'énergies renouvelables, garante d'une production moins polluante. L'ensemble des acteurs du réseau doit donc prendre part à l'équilibre du réseau, tout en ayant leurs sensibilités et contraintes respectées. Cette prise en compte des acteurs est en effet un gage d'acceptation et d'implication de ceux-ci. Ce travail se veut donc exploratoire, par la définition et la compréhension des acteurs du réseau électrique dans un premier temps, puis par la réflexion sur l'intégration de leurs profils dans un superviseur énergétique. Le génie électrique seul ne permettant pas de répondre entièrement à cette problématique, l'apport des sciences humaines et sociales a donc été sollicité. Cette thèse a donc un fort caractère interdisciplinaire, illustré par la coopération avec des chercheurs en sociologie et économie impliqués dans son encadrement. Le résultat de ces recherches est une méthodologie en 3 étapes, applicable à tous les acteurs du réseau. La première étape est la définition des profils d'acteurs. La deuxième est la première brique du superviseur énergétique, optimisant les productions/consommations la veille pour le lendemain. Enfin, la troisième étape est la partie temps réel du superviseur, ajustant au cours de la journée les productions/consommations. Cette thèse se décompose donc en deux parties distinctes: d'un côté la méthodologie présentant le détails des étapes et des approches choisies, et de l'autre l'application de cette méthode à un cas d'étude résidentiel.The environmental challenges we are currently facing require a drastic shifting in our way to consume: the new paradigm should be less, efficiently, and with the lowest possible impact on the environment. From the electric grid point of view, energy management is of particular interest to reach efficiency while increasing the penetration rate of renewable energy sources, thus ensuring an environmentally friendly production. To that end, all grid stakeholders must take part in the equilibrium, while having their sensitivities and constraints respected. This consideration of stakeholders objectives is indeed an important factor for their acceptance and their involvement. The novelty of this exploratory work is to be found in the definition and understanding of electrical grid stakeholders, and the integration of their profiles in an energy supervisor. As electrical engineering alone does not enable to grasp all the aspects of the problematic, the contribution of humanities and social sciences was introduced. Therefore the interdisciplinary dimension is strong, illustrated by the cooperation with sociology and economy researchers involved in the oversee of this research. The result is a 3-steps methodology applicable to each stakeholder of the grid. The first step is the definition and segmentation of stakeholder profiles. The second step is the first stage of the energy supervisor, optimizing the production and consumption a day ahead. Finally, the third step is the real time management of energy, adjusting the production and consumption during the day. This thesis is therefore divided into two distinct parts: on one side, the global methodology describing each step and the potential approaches, on the other hand, the use of this methodology on a residential case study
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