1,720,962 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Les retraits féminins du marché du travail : un fait social invisibilisé par la catégorie statistique de l’inactivité professionnelle
Get PDFRésuméLes femmes durablement retirées du marché du travail, souvent appelées « femmes au foyer », sont peu étudiées dans le champ académique français. Cette invisibilité n’est pas sans enjeux. Elle entrave la compréhension de la stratification sociale, et perpétue des rapports sociaux de genre en niant la valeur du travail domestique. À partir des données longitudinales rétrospectives (enquête SIP 2006-1010), cet article dresse un bilan statistique des situations d’inactivité professionnelle déclarées par les hommes et les femmes et questionne ce manque d’intérêt. Nous montrons que les périodes d’inactivité professionnelle liées aux configurations familiales continuent de marquer une majorité de parcours de vie féminins, et peuvent être analysées comme un fait social. La catégorie statistique de l’inactivité professionnelle produit en partie leur invisibilité, car en plus de rendre difficile leur objectivation, elle les regroupe avec des situations aux caractéristiques très distinctes, notamment masculines.
AbstractWomen who are permanently withdrawn from the labour market, often called “housewives”, are little studied in the French academic field. This invisibility is not without its challenges. It hinders the understanding of social stratification and perpetuates gender relations by denying the value of domestic work. Using retrospective longitudinal data (SIP surveys 2006-1010), this article draws up a statisticalassessment of the situations of professional inactivity declared by men and women and questions this lack of interest. We show that periods of professional inactivity linked to family configurations continue to mark a majority of women’s life paths, and can be analysed as a social fact. The statistical category of professional inactivity partly produces their invisibility, because in addition to making it difficult to objectify them, it groups them together with situations with very distinct characteristics, particularly for men
Career Breaks and Mothers’ Health After Age 50: The Role of Social Position. Evidence from the Constances Cohort
No full textThis article examines the influence of social position on the links between career breaks and the health of mothers after age 50. It draws on data collected from a sample of 32,357 mothers at the time of their inclusion in the Constances cohort and from 30 semi-structured interviews with women who have experienced a career break. Logit models with interaction effects are used to measure the probability, for these mothers, of reporting a depressive episode and functional limitations according to their employment trajectories at ages 18–50 and indicators of social position (educational level, partner’s occupational category). While for disadvantaged mothers, long or permanent career breaks are associated with a higher risk of functional limitations and depressive episodes, this is not observed at the top of the social gradient. The interviews shed light on this finding; depending on mothers’ social position, these types of career breaks have an unequal impact on their living conditions, working career and identity. They also point to the existence of mental health risks for highly educated mothers specifically linked to shorter career breaks, although this is not confirmed by the statistical results
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
L'inactivité professionnelle au cours du parcours de vie : un déterminant social de la santé des femmes aux âges élevés ?
No full textEn dépit de la féminisation du marché du travail, l’inactivité professionnelle est un statut d’emploi surreprésenté dans les parcours de vie féminins, dont le lien avec l’état de santé reste insuffisamment compris. En combinant méthodes quantitatives à partir de deux bases de données longitudinales (SIP, Constances) et méthodes qualitatives à partir de 30 récits de vie, cette thèse vise à identifier dans quels cas l’inactivité professionnelle est liée à un vieillissement en bonne ou mauvaise santé chez les femmes, en distinguant ses temporalités, et les configurations professionnelles, familiales, sociales dans lesquelles elle s'inscrit. Je montre d’abord que les trajectoires d’emploi marquées par des périodes d’inactivité professionnelle longues, définitives, ou répétées, accompagnent une moins bonne santé mentale après 50 ans. En revanche, les femmes qui ont connu des interruptions temporaires, même longues, sont en meilleure santé que celles qui ont connu des trajectoires d’emploi continues, mais instables, caractérisées par des expositions professionnelles ou par des difficultés d’articulation travail/famille. À côté de ces caractéristiques de l’emploi, l’histoire conjugale et la position sociale définissent aussi les trajectoires d’emploi critiques, en jouant sur les arbitrages entre inactivité professionnelle et emploi, et sur les coûts économiques et symboliques de l’inactivité professionnelle. L’absence de conjoint aux âges élevés, un faible niveau de revenus ou de diplôme, renforcent le désavantage de santé mentale lié à l’inactivité professionnelle longue ou définitive, et aux allers-retours dans l’emploi
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