5,244 research outputs found
Intellectuals as sacrificial heroes : a comparative study of Bahram Beyzaie and Wole Soyinka
No full textA study of Bahram Beyzaie and Wole Soyinka’s works reveals how in two disparate cultural settings, traditional structures and themes appear in modern forms to renegotiate people’s cultural identity. Both writers demythologize the ancient and modern superstitious beliefs that haunt their peoples, depict the fallacy of hybrid obsessions that distort everyday life in their countries, and mythologize the positive aspects of history to redefine cultural identity with the best their cultures offer. One aspect of this process is their depiction of creative intellectuals as sacrificial heroes. The form reveals their concern with the question of leadership and citizenship, the victimization of the educated people, and the resulting brain drain in their countries. In the paper that follows, I will compare Beyzaie and Soyinka’s depictions of intellectuals as sacrificial heroes. I will first study the dramatic origins of their forms and their approach to tragedy, myth, history, and sacrificial heroism, and explore the sociopolitical and personal reasons for the development of their forms. My intention is to discover how these forms evolved and why they reflect similar paradigms. I will then compare Beyzaie’s Parchment of Master Sharzin with Soyinka’s Madmen and Specialists to provide textual examples of these similarities and differences.Peer reviewe
Mythologizing the transition : a comparative study of Bahram Beyzaee and Wolfe Soyinka
Get PDFBahram Beyzaee, the Iranian playwright, screenwriter and filmmaker, and Wole Soyinka, the Nigerian poet, playwright, and novelist have produced artistic works that transcend the limitations of time and locality to become powerful comments on human life and socio-political and cultural institutions. This research study examines the major themes and dramatic techniques of these two writers to demonstrate how, in two very different cultural settings, traditional modes and themes appear in modem art forms to renegotiate cultural identity. I argue that both writers place themselves in a post postcolonial position which rather than being concerned about 'writing back against the centre' reflects on the cultural shortcomings that leaves their people at the mercy of vicious internal and external forces. I also demonstrate how they demythologize the traditional superstitious beliefs that haunt the present, foreground the inauthenticity of the modern hybrid obsessions that distort everyday life in their countries and mythologize and glorify the positive aspects of history and contemporary life to redefine cultural identity in terms of the best their cultures can offer. The first two chapters give an account of the history of Iranian and Nigerian performance forms in the context of socio-political, cultural, literary and artistic movements and traditions. The third chapter proceeds to present a short discussion of the theatrical vision and themes of Beyzaee and Soyinka and embarks on a general comparison of the two writers. Chapter four is focused on Beyzaee and Soyinka's depiction of the intellectuals as sacrificial heroes whose death may initiate social purgation and cultural regeneration and liberation. Chapter five is less mythical and more sociopolitical. It is a reflection on the writers' portrayal of women in their works and their success or failure in transcending literary and cultural stereotypes in a world where the means of production and socio-economic facts and the cultural developments associated with them demand a rapid movement away from patriarchal values. Chapter six is devoted to the study of another major issue in the process of cultural transition, namely, redefining the position of ethnic minorities in the myth of nationhood. This last chapter is followed by a brief conclusion, discussing the results and the future possibilities of drama in the context of rapid transition
Late Devonian (Frasnian–Famennian) palynomorphs from the Padeha and Bahram Formations of Shahzadeh Mohammad section, northwest of Kerman, Iran
Get PDFA diverse and well-preserved microphytoplankton assemblage is reported from a measured section
of Frasnian–Famennian (Upper Devonian) Padeha and Bahram Formations in Shahzadeh Mohammad
area, northwestern Kerman, southeast Iran. The palynoflora assemblage contains 17 genera and 23 species of
acritarchs, chitinozoa, scolecodont and rich miospore taxa. 57 species (25 genera) of miospores were identified
and 5 assemblage biozones were defined from the Shahzadeh Mohammad section. The miospore composition
is similar to neighboring localities in Southern and Northern Iran, but it shows significant similarities with
palynoflora from more distant localities, e.g. Saudi Arabia, Western Australia or Algeria. This implies a close
relationship between the Iranian platform and other areas of the Northern Gondwana and southern Laurentia
Domain during the late Devonian. The investigated section was deposited in a shallow marine environment with
tropical conditions during the Frasnian-Famennian period
Middle-Late Devonian Conodont Fauna of Bahram Formation in Shahzadeh Mohammad section, North of Kerman.
Get PDFDevonian deposits of the Bahram Formation with a thickness of 300 m were studied based on conodont fauna in Shahzadeh Mohammad section (33 km east of Zarand, 95 km north of Kerman city) in central Iran structural Zone. According to 31 identified species and subspecies and their stratigraphic development, nine conodont biozones belonging to the middle Givetian to the lower Famennian age were identified. The presence of Polygnathus ansatus determines the ansatus Zone and Icriodus arkonensis arkonensis, determines the age of middle Givetian for the base of the Bahram Formation, which is the oldest age determined for the base of the Bahram Formation. Based on conodont distributions and conodont biofacies polygnathid-icrodid biofacies are the most abundant in the section, indicating the middle shelf environment for the studied deposits
Middle–Late Devonian conodont fauna of the Bahram Formation in the Shahzadeh Mohammad section, North of Kerman
Get PDFAbstract Devonian deposits of the Bahram Formation with a thickness of 300 m were studied based on conodont fauna in Shahzadeh Mohammad section (33 km east of Zarand, 95 km north of Kerman city) in central Iran structural Zone. According to 31 identified species and subspecies and their stratigraphic development, nine conodont biozones belonging to the middle Givetian to the lower Famennian age were identified. The presence of Polygnathus ansatus determines the ansatus Zone and Icriodus arkonensis arkonensis, determines the age of middle Givetian for the base of the Bahram Formation, which is the oldest age determined for the base of the Bahram Formation. Based on conodont distributions and conodont biofacies, polygnathid-icrodid biofacies are the most abundant biofacies in the section, indicating the middle shelf environment for the studied deposits. Keywords: Devonian, Conodont, Bahram Formation, Givetian–Famennian, Biofacies. Introduction The Devonian, one of the most important periods in the Paleozoic, was a time of major sea-level changes and catastrophic events (Sandberg et al. 2002). Besides, it was a time of exceptionally high sea-level stand. It inferred widespread equable climates, which resulted in the most significant carbonate production and diversity of marine fauna in the Paleozoic (Gradstein et al. 2005). The Late Devonian was a time of many sea-level changes, catastrophic events, and two mass extinctions, knowledge of which is gained mainly through a high-resolution conodont biochronology (Sandberg and Ziegler 1996). The Devonian is the time for the radiation of fish and the appearance of the first ammonoids, insects, and amphibians. Vascular plants and forests became established; plants took over the land and became so plentiful that the first coal deposits were formed in tropical swamps. Besides, before the end of the period, land tetrapods appeared. Due to the greenhouse climate condition and sea-level highstand, global reef growth reached an acme in the Middle Devonian (Gradstein et al. 2005). Due to the relative rise of sea level, Middle and Late Devonian sediments were deposited in the northern, eastern, and central parts of Iran. In Central Iran, Middle and Late Devonian succession are exposed in the Kerman, Tabas, Yazd, and Isfahan regions. In Kerman, these deposits are limited to the northern parts of the region and are introduced and studied as Sibzar and Bahram formations. The Sibzar Formation, has few occurrences and only in two disjunct areas can be traced (Wendt et al. 2002). This formation is placed between the Padeha and the Bahram formations. The Bahram Formation consists of siliciclastic and carbonate strata. There is a complete profile from Lower to Upper Devonian deposits in the Shahzadeh Mohammad section, east of Zarand. The studied section is part of the Kerman-Tabas Block, which constitutes one of the individual structural units of the Central-East-Iranian Microcontinent. In this study, the biostratigraphy, biofacies, and sea-level changes of the Bahram Formation in the Shahzadeh Mohammad section have been investigated based on conodont fauna. Material & Methods In total, 300 m of the Middle–Upper Devonian successions (Bahram Formation) at the Shahzadeh Mohammad section has been measured. Forty samples, about 4–5 kg, were systematically collected and treated with conventional preparation methods. The samples were processed with diluted acetic/formic acid (20%). The residue was washed by sieving ((using sieve Mesh numbers 10, 30, 60, and 100). The conodonts were extracted from residues by hand picking. Discussion of Results & Conclusions Ancyrodella, Icriodus, Pelekysgnathus, Polygnathus are the present genera in this section. Conodont biofacies and relative sea-level changes of the Middle–Upper Devonian Shahzadeh Mohammad section have been investigated and compared with the global sea-level curve. The biofacies interpretation is based on the distribution of the above four genera in the conodont biofacies presented by Sandberg and Dreesen (1984). Since the dominant genera of this section are Icriodus and Polygnathus, frequency changes of these genera determine conodont biofacies and relative sea-level changes. Polygnathus indicates an increase and Icriodus indicates a decrease in the relative sea-level. The following biofacies were identified: icriodid, icriodid-polygnathid, polygnathid-icriodid, and polygnathid biofacies. Polygnathid-icriodid biofacies is the most abundant biofacies. Due to the presence of shallow-water species, the abundance of Icriodus and Polygnathus, the absence of the genus Palmatolepis, the middle shelf environment is determined for the Bahram Formation in the Shahzadeh Mohammad section. In general, all of the Devonian succession from the Kerman area have been deposited in a shallow-water environment, and generally indicates the shallow parts of the Paleotethys. Our examination has yielded new conodont data from the Bahram Formation in the Shahzadeh Mohammad section. The ansatus Zone to Palmatolepis glabra pectinata Zone (middle Givetian to lower Famennian) were assigned to the Bahram Formation within nine conodont zones (Zamani et al. 2020). Conodonts from the sample Sh7 (Polygnathus ansatus and Icriodus arkonensis arkonensis) indicate Givetian age for the basal part of the Bahram Formation; but Middle Frasnian age is reported in previous studies in this area. The first appearance of Ancyrodella rotundiloba pristina represents Givetian/Frasnian boundary at sample Sh12
Taxonomic validity and phylogenetic relationships of a newly-described toothcarp, Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae)
No full textAlavi-Yeganeh, Mohammad Sadegh, Keivany, Yazdan, Seyfabadi, Jafar, Kazemi, Bahram, Wallis, Graham P. (2014): Taxonomic validity and phylogenetic relationships of a newly-described toothcarp, Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae). Zootaxa 3780 (3): 594-600, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3780.3.1
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic validity and phylogenetic relationships of a newly-described toothcarp, Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae)
No full textFIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood estimates of phylogenetic relationships of A. mesopotamicus with congeneric taxa using complete cytb sequences (1140 bp). Nodes are labeled with bootstrap support by ML (first value) and posterior probability of the Bayesian analysis (second value). Tree condensed to show only those nodes with values higher than 75%. Scale bar: nucleotide substitutions per sitePublished as part of Alavi-Yeganeh, Mohammad Sadegh, Keivany, Yazdan, Seyfabadi, Jafar, Kazemi, Bahram & Wallis, Graham P., 2014, Taxonomic validity and phylogenetic relationships of a newly-described toothcarp, Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae), pp. 594-600 in Zootaxa 3780 (3) on page 596, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.3.11, http://zenodo.org/record/506236
Diversity pattern of Butterfly Lepidoptera (Papilio demoleus) in Union Council Koaz Bahram Dheri Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
Get PDFIn ecosystem the butterflies ply dual role as pollinators, silk producers and indicators of environmental quality. The present study was conducted in Union Council Koaz Bahram Dehri during the period July 2012 to August 2012. The collection of butterflies was done randomly by using the sweep net. A total of 32 specimens of Papilio demoleus were collected from different villages of the said area. The high number of specimen was collected from Aratt Kally (21.88%). The wing span is 9.
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
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