10 research outputs found
Injury Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Female Kabaddi Athletes: Insights from Event PON XXI 2024 for Enhanced Prevention and Management
No full textThe purpose of the study. This research examines injury patterns, prevalence, and management in female Kabaddi athletes from North Sumatra during the PON XXI 2024 competition, addressing a gap in sports medicine regarding the physiological challenges faced by women in this contact sport. Kabaddi's lack of research on female athletes contributes to a significant deficit in understanding its physiological impact on women.
Materials and methods. The study utilized a quantitative descriptive design with 22 female national Kabaddi athletes from North Sumatra, employing structured surveys, clinical assessments, and systematic injury documentation for comprehensive athlete health evaluation. The methodology comprised pre-competition medical screenings, post-competition injury documentation, and follow-up on recovery and rehabilitation, utilizing advanced statistical methods including descriptive analysis, frequency distributions, and correlation investigations, with significance testing established at p < 0.05.
Results. Findings indicated a 100% injury rate among participants, highlighting the extreme demands of competitive Kabaddi, with the most common injuries being muscular strains (36.4%), joint sprains (27.3%), contusions (18.2%), and other soft tissue injuries (18.2%). The severity profile revealed 45.5% of injuries were mild (Grade I), 36.4% moderate (Grade II), and 18.2% severe (Grade III), with significant correlations identified between training intensity and injury occurrence (p = 0.015), body composition and injury susceptibility (p = 0.025), and age and injury risk (p = 0.042). Injury distribution showed lower limb injuries at 54.5%, upper limb injuries at 27.3%, and trunk/core injuries at 18.2%, with primary injury mechanisms including direct contact trauma (45.5%), overextension (27.3%), rapid directional change (18.2%), and repetitive stress (9.1%). Rehabilitation outcomes indicated an 86.4% recovery success rate, although a 13.6% recurring injury rate emphasized the need for comprehensive athlete management strategies.
Conclusions. This research challenges prevailing norms in sports medicine by promoting gender-specific injury prevention, personalized management, and thorough monitoring. The study offers crucial insights into the injury patterns of female Kabaddi athletes and advocates for tailored approaches to athlete health and performance. By examining the complex interactions among physiological factors, training demands, and injury mechanisms, the research establishes a comprehensive framework for enhancing athlete care, preventive measures, and long-term sustainability in high-intensity sports
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN TEKNIK MENGGIRING DAN MENGOPERDALAM SEPAKBOLA (Studi Pengembangan pada Atlet Usia 11- 12 Tahun di Kota Medan)
No full textcommit to user
ABSTRACT
The background of research was that dribbling and passing technique
practice during practicing was less varied, and the level of dribbling and passing
technique mastery was still low in athlete aged 11-12 years in Medan City. The
objectives of research were to conduct and to find out the result of requirement
analysis and to develop preliminary product, to conduct and to find out expert and
field tests, and to conduct and to find out the effectiveness test of dribbling and
passing practice model product in soccer among the athletes aged 11-12 years in
Medan City.
The research method used was Research Development one suggested by
Borg and Gall, the author adapted the research procedure into three stages: (1)
preliminary, (2) product trial, and (3) product effectiveness test.
The first result, preliminary, was the requirement analysis using interview
and observation method indicated that the dribbling and passing technique
practice during practicing was less varied, and the level of dribbling and passing
technique mastery was still low in athlete aged 11-12 years in Medan City.
Dribbling and passing practices had been administered but many athletes
particularly those aged 11-12 years had not been able to do them well. The
theoretical study consisted of soccer, the theories of dribbling and passing
technique, of physical condition to dribble and to pass, of 11-12 years
characteristics, and of practicing. This research was presented as follows: chapter
I introduction, chapter II practice to dribble and to pass, chapter III dribbling and
passing practice model and chapter IV practice program. The second stage was
product trial. The first trial was expert trial employing three soccer expert with 18
items of question with 80% result and it could be interpreted that the product
design could be developed further. The small group trial was conducted with 24
subjects using questionnaire containing 12 items. The result of small group test
was 72.70%, the large group trial was conducted with 48 subjects with the result
of 84.79%. The third stage was product effectiveness test by comparing two
groups: one was given development product treatment and another was given
conventional treatment using pre-test and post-test design. The variance score for
each group based on the test was the sum of variance score in test 1 was 69.33 for
experiment and 68.51 for control groups. The variance score in test 2 was 100 for
experiment and 73 for control groups. The variance score in test 3 was 55 for
experiment and 35 for control groups. The variance score in test 4 was 58 for
experiment and 35 for control groups. The conclusion was that the product was
evidently effective to improve the dribbling and passing ability among the athletes
aged 11-12 years in Medan City.
commit to user
Latar belakang penelitian adalahlatihan teknik menggiring dan mengoper
pada saat latihan kurang bervariasi, dan masih rendahnya tingkat penguasaan
teknik menggiring dan mengoper pada atlet usia 11-12 tahun di kota Medan.
Tujuan penelitian adalah melaksanakan dan mengetahui hasil analisis kebutuhan
dan mengembangkan produk awal, melaksanakan dan mengetahui uji ahli dan uji
lapangan, dan melaksanakan dan mengetahui uji efektivitas produk model latihan
menggiring dan mengoper dalam sepakbola pada atlet usia 11-12 tahun di kota
Medan.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian
pengembangan Research and Development yang dikemukakan oleh Borg dan
Gall, peneliti mengadaptasi prosedur penelitian menjadi tiga tahap yaitu: tahap 1
pendahuluan, tahap 2 uji coba produk, dan tahap 3 uji efektivitas produk.
Hasil yang pertama pendahuluan adalah analisis kebutuhan dengan
menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi Latihan teknik menggiring dan
mengoper pada saat latihan kurang bervariasi, dan masih rendahnya tingkat
penguasaan teknik menggiring dan mengoper pada atlet usia 11-12 tahun di kota
Medan. Latihan menggiringdan mengoper sudah diberikan namun masih banyak
atlet khususnya tim usia 11- 12 tahun belum bisa melakukan teknik menggiring
dan mengoperdengan baik. Kajian teori terdiri dari sepakbola, teori tentang teknik
menggiring dan mengoper, teori kondisi fisik untuk menggiring dan mengoper,
teori karakteristik usia 11-12 tahun, teori latihan. Pengembangan produk
penyajiannya yaitu bab I pendahuluan, bab II Latihan untuk menggiring dan
mengoper, bab III model latihan mengiring dan mengoper dan bab IV program
latihan. Tahap kedua adalah uji coba produk. Uji coba yang pertama adalah uji
coba ahli dengan menggunakan tiga ahli sepakbola dengan 18 butir pertanyaan
dengan hasil 80 % dan dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa rancangan produk bisa diuji
cobakan pada tahap selanjutnya. Uji coba kelompok kecil dengan jumlah subjek
24 menggunakan instrumen angket dengan jumlah pertanyaan 12.Hasil uji
kelompok kecil adalah 72.70%.uji coba kelompok besar dengan 48 subjek dengan
hasil 84.79%. Tahap yang ketiga adalah uji efektivitas produk dengan
membandingkan dua kelompok, satu kelompok diberi perlakuan produk
pengembangan dan kelompok lain diberi perlakuan secara konfensional dengan
penggunakan pre test dan post test desain. Nilai beda untuk masing-masing
kelompok berdasarkan tes adalah: Jumlah nilai beda tes 1 kelompok eksperimen
69,33, kelompok kontrol 68,51. Nilai beda tes 2 kelompok eksperimen 100,
kelompok kontrol 73. Jumlah nilai beda tes 3 kelompok eksperimen 55, kelompok
kontrol 35. Jumlah nilai beda tes 4 kelompok eksperimen 58, kelompok kontrol
35. Sebagai simpulan akhir dinyatakan bahwa produk terbukti efektif meningkatkan kemampuan menggiring dan mengoper atlet sepakbola usia 11-12
tahun di kota Medan.
Kata kunci: Sepakbola, Model Latihan menggiring dan mengoper, Penelitian
Pengembangan
Author response: Monitoring long-term efficacy of fampridine in gait-impaired patients with multiple sclerosis
No full textLe Muse dei Bonarelli. Il teatro di Prospero e l'eredità di Guidubaldo
No full textIl contributo prende in esame le modalità con le quali Prospero Bonarelli (1588-1659) diedi inizio alla sua carriera letteraria e teatrale mettendo a frutto il prestigio derivante dalla fama di suo fratello Guidubaldo (1563-1608), autore della celebre favola pastorale Filli di Sciro. Come attraversamento tematico di carattere preliminare, l’articolo si apre prendendo in esame le modalità con le quali Prospero tematizza la continuità tra la sua produzione letteraria e quella del fratello nel suo epistolario e in due testi in particolare: l’Introduzione Alle Opere di Guidubaldo da lui stesso curate e nella supplica a Ferdinando II, il cui testo è pubblicato in appendice. Nelle restanti pagine il saggio si articola in tre parti. Nella prima parte l’autore ricostruisce le vicende della famiglia Bonarelli tra il 1575 e il 1655; nella seconda parte analizza come Prospero amministrò l’eredità letteraria del fratello, tra le scene e la tipografia, in un periodo compreso tra il 1608, data di morte di Guidubaldo, e il 1612; nella parte conclusiva si sofferma sulle modalità con le quali Prospero mise a frutto la rete di contatti ereditata dal fratello in occasione del suo esordio in veste di autore teatrale con il Solimano.The essay provides an analysis of how Prospero Bonarelli (1588-1659) started his literary and theatrical career taking advantage of the fame of his brother Guidubaldo (1563-1608), author of the famous pastoral play Filli di Sciro. As an introduction to such an argument the essay studies how Prospero represented his relationship with the “heritage” of his brother in his letters and in two different texts: the Introduction to the edition of Guidubaldo’s Works he edited and a petition to the Duke of Tuscany Ferdinando II, a document which is here published as an appendix. The rest of the essay is divided into three parts. In the first part the author provides a reconstruction of the history of Bonarelli’s family in the years from 1575 to 1655; in the second part he studies how Prospero managed, both metaphorically and practically, the heritage of manuscripts and fame his brother provided him from 1608 (the year of Guidubaldo’s death) to 1612; in the third and last part he shows how Prospero used the network of friends and patrons “inherited” by his brother in order to promote his first theatrical work, the tragedy Solimano
Influence of migratory ungulate management on competitive interactions with resident species in a protected area
No full textMigratory animals can represent links between protected and unprotected parts of their home ranges. Management of such species outside a conservation area can influence species interactions inside the protected zone. This may result in unintended effects on populations of conservation concern even if they spend their entire life cycle within the protected area. We examined interspecific interactions between three species of large herbivores in the absence of mammalian predators in the Swiss National Park, and assessed whether the population size of the migratory red deer (Cervus elaphus) that is harvested outside the park in autumn and winter affected the two resident species, chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and ibex (Capra ibex). Dietary overlap was high between the three species while they co-occurred in the park, suggesting potential for interspecific resource competition. Particularly the habitat use of chamois was affected by red deer population size, with decreased use of meadows and forest with increasing red deer numbers, and increased use of areas covered by scree. Ibex habitat use was affected by the population sizes of all three species, but effects differed between species and season. Moreover, horn growth in young chamois and the population growth rate of ibex were negatively related to red deer numbers. The results suggest that high population size of red deer negatively affects ibex and chamois through the migratory behavior of red deer between protected and non-protected areas. Effective management of a migratory ungulate species outside the protected part of its range, taking account of its ecology and natural behavior, can thus have positive effects on populations within a protected area by alleviating interspecific competition. However, this requires co-operation between policy makers and hunters, acceptance by local people, as well as flexibility to deviate from traditional management regimes such as supplementary feeding to tie animals to certain areas.publishedVersion© 2015 Anderwald et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Profili kompleks i një shqipëruesi në një variant të bukolikave të vergilit (1932)
No full textThe contributions that were made to the initiation of classical literature in the Albanian literary world have a solid tradition in the true sense of the word, while the personality itself (E. Haxhiademi) who this time was the impetus for the compilation of this treatise is clearly associated with classicism and antiquity in his formation, disposition and selection of arguments in his complex work. Haxhiademi's approach to antiquity is not only a natural tendency, but also worthy to be followed in its continuation, while it is expressed in all the ways that he concretely devoted himself to this argument and the works that embody it regarding the aspect of compilations, literary and writing genres and representative authors who inseparably join this substantive and thematic thread. Almost all of Haxhiademi's compilations prove his strong connection with the motifs of ancient literature, mainly Greek. Even the translation of the Bukolikas in Albanian, although it's the work of an author of Roman literature of the first century BC (Virgil), it reflects elements of influence of the Albanian and the ancient Greek world.Kontributet ndaj përurimit të letërsisë klasike në botën letrare shqiptare gëzojnë një traditë solide në kuptimin e mirëfilltë të fjalës, ndërkohë që vetë personaliteti (E. Haxhiademi) që këtë radhë qe shtysë për përpilimin e kësaj trajtese paraqitet i lidhur mirëfilli me klasicitetin dhe antikitetin në formim, prirje dhe përzgjedhje argumentesh në punën e tij komplekse. Qasja ndaj antikitetit nga ana e Haxhiademit përbën një prirje sa të natyrshme, aq dhe të denjë për t’u ndjekur në vijimësinë e vet, e shprehur në të gjitha format me të cilat ai në mënyrë konkrete iu kushtua këtij argumenti dhe veprave që e mishërojnë atë në vështrimin e përpilimeve, gjinive letrare e shkrimore, autorëve përfaqësues që në mënyrë të pandashme i bashkohen këtij filli përmbajtësor e tematik. Pothuaj të gjithë përpilimet e Haxhiademit e dëshmojnë lidhjen e fortë të tij me motivet e letërsisë antike, kryesisht asaj greke. Edhe shqipërimi i Bukolikave, dhe pse vepër e një autori të letërsisë romake të shekullit të parë para lindjes së Krishtit (Virgjilit), reflekton elemente të ndikimit edhe të shqipëruesit dhe nga bota antike greke
ANGELA IDA VILLA, Da Monterosso al Mare a Dinard. Anna degli Uberti, la «farfallina color zafferano» (“Colias crocea”) che-sta-per-morire di Montale (e il disegno con l’igneo anello dei «buccellati di Cerasomma») - p. I, “R-EM. Rivista Internazionale di Studi su Eugenio Montale”, n. 1, 2020, pp. 23-84 [= 61 pp.]
No full textANGELA IDA VILLA, Da Monterosso al Mare a Dinard. Anna degli Uberti, la «farfallina color zafferano» (“Colias crocea”) che-sta-per-morire di Montale (e il disegno con l’igneo anello dei «buccellati di Cerasomma») – Parte prima, “R-EM. Rivista Internazionale di Studi su Eugenio Montale”, n. 1, 2020, pp. 23-84 [= 61 pp.]
INDICE:
PREMESSA. Eugenio Montale investigatore a Dinard: il “giallo della farfallina gialla” che-sta-per-morire, latrice di un «messaggio segreto»
I. Le “farfalline color zafferano” lungo i sentieri assolati di Monterosso al Mare (già percorsi da Eugenio Montale e Anna degli Uberti) e delle Cinque Terre
I.1. La «farfallina color zafferano» di Dinard, ovvero la "Colias crocea" (Fourcroy, 1785), ovvero Le Souci
I.2. Da Monterosso al Mare a Dinard a volo di farfalla
I.3. La «farfallina color zafferano» monterossina come “nascondiglio” di Anna: prime ipotesi di indagine
II. Sant’Anna patrona dei Bretoni e Dinard, il “nascondiglio” (linguistico) in Bretagna di Anna degli Uberti, la «maestra» di enigmistica
II.1. La «Duchesse Anne»/«Duchessa Anna» di Saint-Malo e le ventiquattro ostriche che-stanno-per-morire: un altro “nascondiglio” bretone di Anna degli Uberti di fronte a Dinard (“Storie naturali” [II], 1950)
III. L’Anna degli Uberti di Montale, “la morta giovane”, come farfalla estiva che muore a Monterosso al Mare e in Liguria
III.1. La farfalla dalla breve vita come simbolo di morte precoce e imminente
III. 2. L’Anna-farfalla, “la morta giovane”, nei testi montaliani ambientati nelle estati monterossine, «là nel paese dove il sole cuoce»
III. 3. Anna come farfalla “cavolaia bianca” (Pieris brassicae) a Villa Vecchiona: L’estate (1935) e Dov’era il tennis... (1943)
III. 3. 1. Anna come farfalla «cavolaia folle», che rischia di morire a Villa Vecchiona: L’estate
III. 4. Anna come farfalla “Sfinge testa di morto” (Acherontia àtropos) che muore nel fuoco a Villa Montale: Vecchi versi (1926)
III. 4. 1. “Impazzire di luce”: la farfalla come il girasole (in alcuni esempi montaliani)
III. 4. 1. 1. Le Souci (Colias crocea) e le Souci officinalis (Calendula officinalis): la «farfallina color zafferano» francese, ovvero la calendula (un altro girasole)
III. 4. 2. L’enigmatica Anna, «maestra» di enigmistica, come cripto-farfalla Daphnis nerii (“Sfinge dell’oleandro”) a Monterosso e in Liguria: Annetta (1972) e la farfalla Arletta
IV. L’Arcadia tra «Filli», dagli «occhi alla Greuze», e la «farfallina color zafferano» di Dinard (ovvero l’Anna, «fanciulla morta / Aretusa» che era stata ad Annecy e monterossina farfalla «cavolaia folle»)
V. “La morta giovane”, in Francia, trent’anni dopo. L’Anna che andò ad Annecy (maggio 1922) e la farfalla «mattutina visitatrice» di Dinard, latrice di un «messaggio segreto» (maggio 1952)
Riassunto
La Farfalla di Dinard (1952) è analizzata nella prospettiva di un racconto giallo, incentrato
sulla «farfallina color zafferano» (che viene qui identificata nella Colias crocea,
Fourcroy, 1785, detta in Francia “Le Souci”) prossima a morire in Bretagna e latrice
di un «messaggio segreto» per Montale da parte di un «tu». Avendo l’autrice avvistato
(estate 2016) numerose “farfalline color zafferano” sui sentieri delle Cinque Terre, nonché
su quello di Monterosso costeggiante le ville Delle Due Palme e Vecchiona, dimostra
che il «tu» incarnato dalla farfalla di Dinard è Anna degli Uberti – altrove da Montale
enigmaticamente detta “morta a vent’anni”, nonché «maestra» di enigmistica –, già
simboleggiata da una farfalla in altri testi monterossini (Vecchi versi, L’estate, Dov’era
il tennis..., Annetta) e altresì “nascosta” nelle Storie naturali [II] (1950; Fuori di casa)
a Saint-Malo, di fronte a Dinard, nella Bretagna avente come protettrice Sant’Anna.
Parole chiave
Eugenio Montale; Farfalla di Dinard (prosa narrativa); Anna degli Uberti; Colias crocea
(Fourcroy, 1785)-“Le Souci”; Storie naturali [II] (Fuori di casa).ANGELA IDA VILLA, Da Monterosso al Mare a Dinard. Anna degli Uberti, la «farfallina color zafferano» (“Colias crocea”) che-sta-per-morire di Montale (e il disegno con l’igneo anello dei «buccellati di Cerasomma») – Parte prima, “R-EM. Rivista Internazionale di Studi su Eugenio Montale”, n. 1, 2020, pp. 23-84 [= 61 pp.]
Abstract
La Farfalla di Dinard (1952) is analyzed here from the perspective of a mystery story,
centered on the “saffron-colored butterfly” (identified with Colias crocea, Fourcroy,
1785, also known in France as “Le Souci”) , that is close to dying out in Brittany, bringing
a “secret message” from a “you” to Montale. The author of this essay saw numerous
“saffron-colored butterflies” on Cinque Terre footpaths (summer 2016), as well as on
those of Monterosso, coasting the villas Delle Due Palme and Vecchiona. This shows
that the “you” embodied by the Dinard butterfly is Anna degli Uberti – elsewhere called
enigmatically by Montale “dead at the age of twenty”, as well as “master of enigmas”.
She was already symbolized by a butterfly in other texts revolving around Monterosso
(Vecchi versi, L’estate, Dov’era il tennis..., Annetta) and “hidden” in Storie Naturali [II]
(1950; Fuori di casa) in Saint-Malo, opposite Dinard, in Brittany, under the protection
of Saint Anne.
Keywords
Eugenio Montale; Farfalla di Dinard (novel); Anna degli Uberti; Colias crocea
(Fourcroy, 1785)-“Le Souci”; Storie naturali [II] (Fuori di casa)
The politics of fashion: perceptions of power in female clothing and ornamentation as reflected in the sixteenth-century Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei
No full textThis thesis examines issues of female power and influence in sixteenth-century China focusing on how women and their roles were perceived in the changing social environment of the mid-late Ming dynasty. Using aspects of a New Historicist approach, information from contemporary literary and historical sources are analysed alongside each other. With its emphasis on the lives of women and preoccupation with the description of material objects, the late Ming novel Jin Ping Mei forms an important element in the thesis. China in the sixteenth century saw expanding urbanisation, the emergence of a new wealthy merchant class, increasing visibility of women and a questioning of traditional morality. Fashion consciousness, as one of the most conspicuous aspects of the new material culture, is a possible indicator of these trends. Traditional Western theories contend that fashion began in the particular context of Renaissance Europe. However, this study argues that a similar fashion awareness existed in China too, and was manifested in a competitive striving for social status, in this case specifically among women. In contrast to previous studies which downplayed the impact women had on defining traditional Chinese culture, this thesis demonstrates how women and their sartorial choices began to redefine the boundaries of material culture, influencing literati discourse which, in turn, re- influenced female behaviour
4
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FRIDAY*
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The arrival of the flrst inlerna-
tloiint hhlpment or exhlhlls. consisting of 1.000 cases or materials, valued at $100,000. and representing
Canada's extensive display. Is another evidence or that progress
which assures complete readiness nt
Ihe opening td (he exposition. It
Is conceded by alt wllh extensive
experience of previous ventures Ihat
tbe management has been more than
usually successful In Inducing SI*
blbltora to advance tin- date or installation.
To the casual observer it may*
seem strange thnl delays In this
mutter are of such frequent occurrence, but B/ben it Is remembered
that the mere rost of Installing exhibits often runs Into many thousand* id dollars It wll! Ih* seen tbst
the financial Item is an Important
fartor. Time U money, and exhibitors in their anxiety to save Interest on Investments or thl* .kind sre
apt to misjudge the number of d.<
nacsssery for setting up tbelr tl
plays.
In view of this Inherent difficulty \ -.
!t Is Indeed ■ratifying that the dl
rectors are able lo report Ihat manv
me getting tbelr exhibits Into final
tbape. When due publicity ia given
to this fact It will In lm it affect the
i-ate of progress, i-Ince nothing ha*
j.u.h a hurrying effect ns the knowledge that one's rivals nm getting
on the *.|iol to be In perfect resdl
ness for the opening.
Great wink has been done, and
already It In certain that the 191
(estivaI will Ih* an epoctl-ttfarklttg
event In the history of expositions.
The decade which has elapsed since
the last International display at BL
Louis has been one at the mout
eventful In lhe an n a In of Industry.
Inventions and various nrtx Apart
altogether rrom the magnificent exploit which Ihe exposition is to celebrate their mi* tunny achievements
of themselves iilmot-l equally worthy
Uie honor. New cratls hnve arli-eii
anil old one** rarrled to a perfection
undreamed of by their originator*.
Wllh all or them mirrored In
what will seem us the Joint department store of all the nations San
Francisco cannot fail to occupy the
center of the IMS stage and fn full
glare of Ihe spotlight of Ihe world
■Chronicle.
states of patting In the merest details of public administration.'' a
prsctlee wblcb "leads to tbs break-
Ing down of tbs fundamental distinction between constitutional principles and legislative acta" aad
"tempts to a coastant tampering
with the rundamental law."
Subject to this general principle.
Doctor Ilulier recommends Drat the
"short ballot " This he delinea *■*
a [iTsn under which all state oflVern
now elected hy the people, with In-*
exception of the governor and lieutenant governor, should be appointed hy the governor subject to confirmation by the senate, for a term
ns long ns his own end made subject to removal by him for cause,
publicly staled and filed with the
senate. "I am not." Iloetor Butler
adds under Ih's head, "raising tht
question or nn appointed Judiciary,
Htthotigh I believe In that policy,
!.*-< ..■:.,. it seems to me at the present time to tie outside the range .nt
practical politics."
rond or Doctor Hu list's
suggestions Is a "revised legislative
procedure." defined sa a system un*
der which Ihe governor and tbe
heads or departments shall have
the right tu sit In ellher house ot
the legislature and participate in
debate on subjects germane to their
several administrative Jurisdictions.
Ib such case It should be the duly
td (lu* governor anil hU heads of
department* to answer It^terpelIn-
1 (Ion* In regard lo public business or
policy. The governor. Doctor Butler thinks, should have the right to
initiate legislation; und that, on the
olherhand. he should not have the
right to refer to the -veople measures Initialed hy him and rejected
hy the legislature. So bill, hi
thinks, should be Introduced Int
Ihi* senate euoptliig upon the Inl
Hative o( three senators wiHing***t<
stand nponnois therefore. And n
hilt should he Introduced Into the
assent),|y excepting upon the In
native of five members or tbat hod
Id have no hill appropriating
money introduced in either hn
of the legislature excepting by
committees Charged with reporting
money bills, the object ol this pro-
rtslon being to lay the foundation
for a genuine budget. The terms of
Senators, ll Is suggested, should Im
I lengthened lo four years, and of a*
n*n to two years; the legls
meet biennially unle*-* spe
alssmbtymet
Lit ure to i
,.l,.ll--a.II,
■ailed by
the
erno
tht
The pure food department of
South Dakota has Issued a proclamation urging cltlxeni of that stale
Ui observe June filli n* "roosters'
day." The Idea Is for all persons
own'ng roosters to remove them
rrom (locks thnt day. It Is not the
purpofac to protect the man who
wants lo sleep after cock-crow In
the morning or at night- hut t.i
Improve the eggs. It is estimated
that improper methods of producing
ami. handling eggs last year cost
South n«koia n million dollar; Thin
new propaganda will appeal to distinguished cltlxens of Palo Alto
whose life work against the boisterous rooster has hitherto brought no
results.
nu tif governor to tie extended t<
four years, with disapproval or th.
plan id n referendum at the end 0
two years as to whether there shall
be a new gubernatorial election or
not In MngSCtlon wilh the suggestion (or mi annual or biennial
budget Doetor iiutler recomtnendj
a provl*loii for the regulation n(
iiond lagnea and temporary loans In
accordance with business principles.
The Argonaut.
Th.* nbove extract fniiii the Argonaut give* no credit lo this stale.
although prnctlcallv all nf the sug-
gestlbna of Doctor Ilulier imve been
favored bv California progressives.
This famous st.i mips t luminary
■eeins to have been converted without knowing ll
more than be hss s bags] right to
hold" appropriations of water lo
greater amounts tbsa bs ess ess
beneficially.
"Let as have peace. Let this bitterness agslnst tbs arilroads cease
There Is nothing In all tbls warfare
for yoo or me. OWe the railroads a
Thla being true, and ws must all cbaBce to prosper snd we prosper
admit that the principle of beoefl- with (hem; starve them sad we
i mi use is pre-eminently juat and I starve with tbem."
right, why not encourage any lag!
latlon that will tend to equalise and
adjust the burden of taxation,
whether it be a species of single tax.
or what not?
Dear reader, don't become stampeded at the thought of aingle tag;
It will not hurt you. In those countries where It has been tried, even
to a limited extent, it works well.
and you don't hear of any communities going hack to any of the old
■-tenia after having given tt a fair
trial
People I..- -.iii.i' frightened at tb
thought or the Initiative and rele.
endum -ahull that Idea was first promulgated; yet today about the only
ones to complain about It are the
old machine politicians. Tbe same
may be said of the direct primary.
Livingston Chronicle.
MIKKh sl-K'TLtTOIt-s SUA HI
There Is one amendment that will
bo on the ballot at the romlng else*
i .ii: that should meet the approval
of all regardleas or the brand of
politics to which he subscribes. It
provides Tor home rule In taxation
With this amendment on tbe statute
book any community ao disposed
ran encourage the building ot hou.e.
and other Improvements by throw -
Ing the burden ot taxation on (lie
land, thus comi>el|lng the ■peculator In Unimproved lands lo share
the burdens as well as reap th--
profits on his Investment- It Is simply .i plan allowing each bontttflfalty
to lake the hrakes off of Industri If
ll wilt. Another point, the system
Of '-(impelling alt classes of busine-*
to pay ■ '■■!.>■ could then he Sbot*
Ished tf lh community so desires
Ollroy Qaaette
Ml'N'SKV ON I IUTIC.il I K VI'.*>
Tiii* Sou I her u Paclflc Compaii1
* STANDP.-tT COWTRRTRD.
The pendldg proposal to revise
the New York stale constitution Is
serving the Important use of exhibiting the opinion-, of various leading
men. in and out o( politlral life, as
to what a modern state constitution
OUgtn to be, Vie (Ind especially Interesting lhe suggestion ol Dr.
Nicholas Murray Butler, president
of Columbia I'nlverslty. whose Ideas
are set Terth In a letter printed In
the New York Times or .May 9th.
Doctor Hutler Is a Republican or
The "moderate* ns distinct rrom the
radical type. Neither nn Inftexlb'e
"reactionary" on trie one hand nor
a reckless Innovator on the otherT
his views savor much of conserve*I
limn even while embodying something of what in the political --.he***
It* termed progressivam. Doctor
Btiller would nut put Into lhe state
constitution any matters of detailed
legislation thnt can possibly
kept out. He would avoid "the tin- any moral
rortunate and hampering poller1 thnt | bis -own more land than he can ;
has linen adopted In many western j to the highest beneficial use. a
HOMS KILE IX TAXATION'.
Considerable discussion 1* being
Indulged In thee days tegarding the
siit.jc.-l of "Home Rule In Taxation."
and rightly too. because of the fart
(hut this matter will he berore the
people at lhe November election In
the (orni of assembly amendment
No. 7 to th- (.institution of the State
of California.
It Is contended by some opponents of the measure that ll is con-
Bscntory in its -nature, l-ecause
tb rough and bv ll- operation it may
romps) the -.ii lid (vision nnd sale ot
the large tracts of privately.owned
land in this state. What ir that
"tumid prove to be the flnal -esuItT
Did not the owners of these large
tracts acquire them, for the meet
part, at n figure so low thai the vni-
uei of today make iticin wealthy?
I .and li supposed to be a common
heritage for ihe people. Those communities, the world over, where
land hns been most equally divided
stand pre-eminently t ■• happiest at.d
most prosperous. What do you find
In those sections where the soil is
held In large Mocks by ft lev. Individuals? The answer Is easy.
Individual or private corporation
can develop to lu greatest produi-
l-vlty ■ trait of land larger than his
ability and means will permit. The
large in ml owner stands In exactly
the same position as the small owner. He ba« hts limitations, and
when he goes beyond them he be-
rbmcB n mm producing sperulitor.
waiting only to take advantage nr
necessity or a demand when it may
a^lsjj.
That very Inequality In our governmental system is the basis for
much of the unrest felt In this country at this lime. No individual has
rial right to hold ni
bus reprinted an article by Prank
Munsey from the April number of
Munsey Magazine. It Is entltl.-'l
"Starve the Railroads and We 8ta-*e
Ourselves." Copies may be had
from Ibe local passenger agent.
Tbe article seems lo be part -.1
the publle eani|ialgn In favor of
granting the railroads permission to
raise freight Titles. Munsey tries In
make out Ihat raising freight rates
would bring on a tremendous wa\«
or prosperity. It Is a hard thesis l"
maintain, and Munsey has not male
a cnnvlnrlng case However, lhe
nrilcle gives a railroad point of
view, nnd readers who want In set-
that side of (he question will do well
to call ni' -ii Agent W. J. Robertson
for a ropy. The best paragrat.li*. of
Munsey's argument are quoted *.■■■■■_■
with:
"We ought to have, and I am
tatlkfled Ihnt the American people
demand, the best and sateM railroad-- In the world. II Is a certainly Hint we cannot have them without paying the price - railroads
wtlh every new device, every improvement Ihat means safety and
belter service. And we can well afford to pay the price when the failure to do sn means Inferior railroads, dangerous railroads
"Forcing railroad managements
into a position where Ihey- have lieen
compelled to squeexe paltry dividends out of half-fed. half-nour-
ii>hed properties that they might
keep their roads out of bankruptcy
Is a rotten policy.
"Legitimate economies are fundn-
nientullv necessary to honest, able
management, and whatever the government has accomplished In the
way of cutting out waste nnd introducing UrM-nile eUunlnnU of economy Is. of course, very much worth
while. Ilut to starve railroad*, into
other econotiile**. such, for Instance,
at. skimping on roadbeds, skimping
on bridges, skimping on rails,
skimping on rolling stork, skimping
on safety devices, and skimping alt
along the line, is quite another matter. They nre costly savings to the
people, dearly bought savings.
"I hold no brief for the railroads:
I am not shaking tor myself, as I
hold no railroad .stocks, and don't
j wish Io hold any under present con
dltlom*. Neither am I spenklng for
those who do hold railroad stocks.
I am speaking for Idle men. speaking in the Interest ot better bus),
ness. speaking for a square deal tor
the railroads, for safe railroads,
■OUt] railroads.
"Kor the government to staad
back of railway labor, morally sustaining it In its demands for shorter
hours nnd belter wages, as the government hns dune, at the same ttmsj
denying railroads the right, to Increase their Incomes sufficiently to
meet the Increased cost of ojierntlou,
is of the nature of confiscation, and
no honest cltlxen or this country be-
I'eves In nny such thing or would
hltgielf, with full realisation of tbs
facts, be a party to It. I
LIVINI* HA I .A III EH KOR CLEfUJY.
The General Assembly of the
Presbyterian Church has been meet-
log In Chicago during the weak Just
closing. Among other matters under discussion was the question of
ministers' salaries. Prom abridged
reports It Is learned that many
clergymen sre affected by tbe Increased cost or living to an extent
that many or them—more especially
those In charge or churches In small
towns—find It very hard to make
*•*-*"■ h ends meet, or even one end
-peat. During this assembly aaother body of Presbyterians held a
session In Kansas City. Tbe same
question arose In that gathering.
The reports were of similar Import.
Numerous instances were cited
where country pastors were only
paid MOO a year.
In the same paper carrying the
report of the meeting of the churchmen we find the following headline.
Justified by the article rollowfng:
"Ritchie Gets fSO.oeo for flout
With Welsh. Champion's Demand
for Record Purse lo Re Accepted by
I-ondnn Promotors. Tltle-llolder
Wants Money Posted In New York
Before lis Sails."
We do not wish to start a quarrel
with the thrifty Mr. Ritchie for his
.iiu.ii. * and rorethought lo demanding that the money lor the proposed
•.lugging match be posted berore he
•.ails Prise-fighting Is prerarloui
Inislness and he who engages therein is cut hied to play what Is known
a* "cinch." Rut we do say. Ina the
light of the statements of some
the teachers of truth In Ihe ns*.
biles mentioned, that wben old men
with (amities: old men who've grown
gcaj and Infirm in the services of
lhe Master; old men who have
Spent Ihelr days of vigor In, trying
In Induce their fellow*, to tread H
righteous path, when sin h old men
get ontv I"."-!) per annum, and that
many times In small Install men Is.
and sometime*' part of it in corned
porh nml corn meal, while r man
who has no higher nlm in life than
to slug his* adversary Into a trance
gels «.*.«.onn for one scrimmage.
win or lose, then by the splendor of
Divinity: there Is a screw loose In
the machinery of eternal fitness.
When *';■■' men who christen
babies ntuhtrth. sit. by their beds
when Ihe-T-ate 111 In later lire, console them In their dying hours, ever
and ever pointing n finger toward
everlasting mansions, the "house
not made wltb hand", eternal in (lie
heavens." at the same time speakMig
words of pence 10 hearts thnt may
be In doubt as to the future, can
only -get *.*■•.. a year, white a pug-
raced, beetle-browed square-Jawed
Imitation ol a cave man can secure
a small fortune for letting another
ehlmpanxee-armed being bat him In
the Jaw and mash tn his ribs, this
old world of ours Is not running In
Its proper groove
What Is the psychology of the situation? Is the lover of the light,
more liberal than the
man? And If so. Why*
ihould a man «Jjo
likes to see two (rained men wallop
each other until one'' goes, out." pay
so liberally for a transient pleasure
while the person who is seeking a
heavenly home \* so economical lu
rewarding his mentor?
However, discussion will do no
good. There Is only one course to
pursue -Just rise right up In meeting and move that Iho minister's
sulnry be raised, appoint a committee to collect It for hltii and make
the flrst pument on the spot.
Not all ministers are underpaid.
Some receive salaries rommensurnt-*
wilh their work. Hut there an* by
tar too tunny who are compelled to
do the Lord's work too cheaply and
their congregations should remedy
•this state ol affairs, and (he wny to
remedy Is lo remedy.—Oakland
Tribune.
Tksre are a large aamber of Bssalssr'.
pictures of city buildings, healssss
blocks, residences, orchards, mountain and marine views. The schools
aad soma churches sra shown Ib
fact, s fleeting glimpse is given of
ths most attractive aad Important
fastarss of our elty and surroaBd-
iBgS.
Tfasss folders will bs dlstributsd
by the Psek-Jadab rabtaets tbrougb-
oat ths Paclflc coast aod wtll be
mailed to all enquirers by the
chamber of commerce.; Tbe people
la general may do a good work by
aeodlng tbem to easterners they
may know who are thinking .or coming to California
m WHO FOUBH
SLUMS DEM
IT HOME
*
Jacob A. Riis. Author and Social
Worker. Dies After Life of
Usefulness.
Was the Man Whom Roosevelt
Called the Most Useful Citi
sen of New York. V****-
aeeeesoaaoeeeeeeesieBeeee'
I
FORUM
t»e>»ess»see»s seees
Editor Tlmssr It does not seem
amiss to call atteatlon to the fart
Ihat tbe national colors when die-1
played In Sr city ta not properly |
eared tor. The marshal Is left alone.
apparently, wtth the task or raising
aad lowering our handsome flag.
With a little help from bystanders,
or that rumlshed by tbr authorities,
the flag would not be utilised to
dust- the pavement ot the Circle.
I.*-i un save it from further Ignominy
Jacob A Km« aathor and social
worker, died at bis summer home
I In Ilsrre i Mass t yesterday, after
a long illness Mrs R.I*, and a son
! wers at the bedside whea tke end
to touch the ground On being low-
ered it should be rolded In a triangularly shaped packet and secured
with twine When raised thl
et Is rarrled to the peak
of the bottom lanyard the bunting
breaks, unfurled to the breeie
Id Ib's^ek; P
: wllh a Jerk f
game
church
Why
PA Ml Al.TO KOIJIKR.
By fnr Ihe most attractive Palo
AUo advertising folder yet issued Is
the one which the chamber of commerce haa just completed. It consists of sixteen double pages filled
to the brim with handsome pictures
and well-written text descriptive of
our city. The cover, printed In
three colors, shows the big tree,
with the quadrangle In the distance.
The title at the top reads. "Palo
Alto. Sent or Stn nf unl t'nlversity.'
This folder Is illustrated by a very
fine collection or cuts. The JJref^one
shows n block of modem''residence*
on t'nlversity avenue. The second
and third are large views by day
and by night of the business portion
of I'nlverslty avenue. Over In the
middle are large views of the university, both general nnd detail.
came.
Mr. k . was sent to Bans about
two weeks ago (rom a sanatorium at
Battle Creek. Mich . where be had
beea a pailent lor severs, months.
taking treatment lor heart trouble
or long atsndlng
Washington. D C. Mny tt —
Theodore Roosevelt, tor many yesrs
an Ictlmate rriend or Jacob Rlls ana
his associate when the former Presides! was Police CommlssloBer ot
New York, was shocked upon his
Tbe Colonel dictated to Mrs Rita
*f** ■•_ ******* ***** ^.*__*laerifal today to tears of nil.' death,
tbs following telegram:
I am grieved more than I can express I reel as If I had loat an
a brother Jake's rriendshlp has
mesnl more lor me ,than 1 caa ever
ti.jsay. I mourn with you and wish I
most any veteran, ex-soldler or aall- -**>nld *** ****methlng that would be
or or militiaman can Illustrate the!0'' sny comfort tn you
method or handling snd folding the} "Theodore Hoosevelt "
colors proper!), and a tew lessons] "Whan I *-*»s Police Commissioner
would-be worth while." „ j *t New York." Mr Roosevelt added.
"I felt that Jacob Ittls was the most
usedil cittien In the city. In a'..
tbe t'nited Stales I never knew a
more useful man nor a stancher
cltlsen."
Jacob RU.** was horn In Rlhe. Denmark .in IV49 As a carpenter's
apprentice he fell in love with the
daughter of the Mavor nt Rlbe. snd
his suit tor her hand was contemptuously retimed by her rather. He
came to America and for severs!
years worked In the coal mines or
Pennsylvsnla Klnally he drifted to
New York and. through the sale of
a nesrspaper In Brooklyn whlrh he
bought cheap, he secured enough to
return home and get married lo the
girl who bad formerly refused htm.
As a reporter on the New York
Tribune, and later on the New York
Sun. Rlls took up hi* real work la
slum flghttng. While attending to
routine duty as a police reporter be
worked day and night to arouse the
people to the need i>r Improved Krone or the flrst of
hts campaigns was against the Impurity ot the rlty water, and It wss
his fight which finally led (o th* ■••■.-
chase of the Crolon watershed to assure safe drinking for Near York.
He brought sunlight to the tenement districts by forcing the dls-
triictlon of rear tenements. H
The contribution of teleworking to travel demand management
No full textContinuously increasing demand for travel is contributing to increasing congestion oil roads, especially within the urban settings. The cost of congestion is projected to rise if left unchallenged. Transport planners havee limited options to tackle this situation. While exploring the various impacts of teleworking, this thesis has investigated its potential for travel demand management during the peak periods. By doing so, it seeks to increase the range of policy options to support transport policy objective(s).
Teleworking has been studied from various perspectives in the past; however, its impact on commute travel has not been modelled. This thesis has applied a policy analysis based methodology to the study of teleworking impacts. The methodology required bespoke data to estimate an SP model of teleworking adoptin and frequeny, for which a survey was carried out on car commuters to the city centre of Leeds. The survey also explored the employees' attitudes towards teleworking and its other impacts. The result from these aspects of the survey have been presented and analysed.
A bespoke demand model of teleworking adoption and frequency has also been estimated from the collected data to predict the teleworking impacts. This model uses telework as a policy measure and evaluates its performance relative to three indicators: reduction in work-based travel, levels of overall car use and car use during the peak. Within an extended framework, the demand model has also been linked to a congestion response function to analyse the system-wide impacts of teleworking.
The use of the methodology has shown that it is possible to model telework as a TDNI measure and use it to support transport policy objective(s). The results of the analysis
indicate teleworking impact on work-based travel, car use and system performance. The extent of the impacts would depend on the nature of the telework policy, which needs
to be clear and well- communicated. Further, the employers also need to address the issue of teleworkability through job redesigns. The study findings show the inadequacy of
current teleworking policy and legislation, highlight the need for making telework formally available by the firms to the eligible employees and emphasise the regulator's role in this regard
