44,970 research outputs found
Preface
No full textAzad, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8258-6057; Rasul, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8159-1321In recent years, the transport sector is facing many challenges in meeting the growing liquid fuel demand in an energy efficient and environmentally sustainable manner. Advanced Biofuels: Applications, Technologies, and Environmental Sustainability provides the industries and the academia with recent development in technologies and application of biofuels in the field of the internal combustion engine, more specifically in diesel engine. The book primarily focuses on low emissions and alternative transport fuels; energy efficient diesel engine; and biofuels technologies, applications, and environmental sustainability to academics, researchers, practicing engineers, technologists, and students. It is a valuable resource to undergraduate, honours, and postgraduate research students in the field of biofuel applications in advanced level
Introduction to sustainable and alternative ecofuels
No full textAzad, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8258-6057; Rasul, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8159-1321This book will help readers develop a deeper understanding of the relevant concepts and solutions to global sustainability issues with the goal of achieving cleaner, more efficient energy
Tidal river management for sustainable agriculture in the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta: Implication for land use policy
No full textThe tidal river management (TRM) approach is an indigenous management practice in the Southwest part of the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta in Bangladesh. This approach has a high potential for extending area under agriculture with a positive impact on sustainable production and consequently on sustainable land use planning. Until recently, no studies provide a quantitative assessment on agricultural benefits of TRM operation. In this study, we aim to assess the benefits of TRM operation by using innovative approaches such as comparing land use change, agricultural production and economic cost-benefit analysis for two scenarios (with and without TRM) in the Hari-Teka-Bhadra catchment. We found that the financial benefit of TRM operation was 85.5 million US dollar per year from the agriculture sector. The results are useful for promoting land use policy through TRM approach in achieving greater sustainability in the area
Ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the thumb- An overview of the injury and treatment
No full textRecent trends and challenges of algal biofuel conversion technologies
No full textAzad, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8258-6057The rapid growth in global energy demands has triggered the scientific community to explore new stepwise biofuel conversion approaches. Biofuels are considered as one of the most promising renewable alternatives to meet the global energy crisis and environmental concerns. Microalgae biomass has proven the potentiality for the production of biofuels, chemicals, and bio-based products leading to the transition from petroleum-based economy to a bio-based economy. Algal biofuel offers a number of advantages, for example, higher growth rate with no competition with food and minimal or no environmental impacts. Biofuel produced from microalgae has low viscosity and low density with high caloric value compared to cellulosic biofuel, which makes algal biofuel more suitable for the application. This chapter outlines the progress on the biofuels production from algal biomass. The process description of possible algal biofuel routes underlining the challenges associated with large-scale production have been detailed in this chapter
Investigation of diesel engine in cylinder flow phenomena using CFD cold flow simulation
No full textAzad, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8258-6057This chapter investigates the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of diesel engine cold flow behavior at the speed of 2400 rpm. In this investigation, a three-dimensional (3D) combustion chamber model with an inlet and exhaust port was developed using the numerical tool. The dynamic meshing was done for different piston positions, inlet, and outlet valves operation for the entire range of the engine cycle (0°–720° crank angle (CA)). The standard k-ε turbulence model was used for CFD analysis to observe velocity, pressure, and temperature distribution. The entire process is highly complex, which requires more computational time with the powerful machine. The numerical simulation was carried out using a high-performance computing (HPC) system with 16 parallel cores and a 100 GB memory machine. The result shows the outstanding in-cylinder flow behavior, velocity, temperature, pressure, and turbulent kinetic energy for the diesel engines. The outcome of this study will be helpful to the engine designers for designing a fuel-efficient engine combustion chamber with minimum emission
Weibull’s analysis of wind power potential at coastal sites in Kuakata, Bangladesh
No full textA statistical analysis of ten minutes interval wind data at 20 m height for different location of Bangladesh has been made. The data has been shorted in sequence of appropriate frequency as hourly, daily and monthly mean wind speed. The data has been presented and analyzed
in velocity friquency bar graph, energy bar graph, velocity duration curve etc. Two important paramets Weibull shape factor “k” and Weibull scale factor “c” have been obtained from the data by three methods. Weibull function F(v), Weibull probability density function f(v) and available energy in the wind (wh/m2) have also been obtained from the wind data.A. K. Azad and Manabendra Sah
Investigation on the effect of butanol isomers with gasoline on spark ignition engine characteristics
No full textAzad, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8258-6057This chapter aims to explore the performance and emission characteristics of butanol isomers in order to suggest technical improvisations for their adoption as a commercial fuel in spark ignition engines. The limited availability of research works using butanol isomer blends motivates the current work involving an extensive investigation of the alternative fuels as a comparative study. Through extensive evaluation of the prevailing research works, it is found that by substituting pure gasoline fuel with butanol-gasoline blends, an increase in the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions due to the lower calorific value and higher latent heat of vaporization of butanol fuel can be obtained. However, oxides of nitrogen emissions are found to decrease with reference to that of pure gasoline fuel. The current study is extended to validate the results obtained from a review study by conducting an experimental investigation on an SI engine fueled with n-butanol-gasoline blend and isobutanol-gasoline blend. The concentrations of butanol isomers in the blends are varied from 10% to 30%, and the obtained performance and emission characteristics are compared to that of pure gasoline fuel. It is observed that the experimentally obtained characteristics are in accordance with the results obtained through comparative evaluation
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B0→K∗0γ )/B(B0s→φγ ) and the directCP asymmetry inB 0→K∗0γ
Get PDFThe ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0→K⁎0γ and B0s→ϕγ has been measured using an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=7TeV. The value obtained is
B(B0→K⁎0γ)B(B0s→ϕγ)=1.23±0.06(stat.)±0.04(syst.)±0.10(fs/fd),
where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the experimental systematic uncertainty and the third is associated with the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average value for B(B0→K⁎0γ), the branching fraction B(B0s→ϕγ) is measured to be (3.5±0.4)×10−5.
The direct CP asymmetry in B0→K⁎0γ decays has also been measured with the same data and found to be
ACP(B0→K⁎0γ)=(0.8±1.7(stat.)±0.9(syst.))%.
Both measurements are the most precise to date and are in agreement with the previous experimental results and theoretical expectations
Analytical modelling of hot-spot traffic in deterministically-routed k-ary n-cubes
Get PDFMany research studies have proposed analytical models to evaluate the performance of k-ary n-cubes with deterministic wormhole routing. Such models however have so far been confined to uniform traffic distributions. There has been hardly any model proposed that deal with non-uniform traffic distributions that could arise due to, for instance, the presence of hot-spots in the network. This paper proposes the first analytical model to predict message latency in k-ary n-cubes with deterministic routing in the presence of hot-spots. The validity of the model is demonstrated by comparing analytical results with those obtained through extensive simulation experiments
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