130,870 research outputs found
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Global Bandits
No full textMultiarmed bandits (MABs) model sequential decision-making problems, in which a learner sequentially chooses arms with unknown reward distributions in order to maximize its cumulative reward. Most of the prior works on MAB assume that the reward distributions of each arm are independent. But in a wide variety of decision problems - from drug dosage to dynamic pricing - the expected rewards of different arms are correlated, so that selecting one arm provides information about the expected rewards of other arms as well. We propose and analyze a class of models of such decision problems, which we call global bandits (GB). In the case in which rewards of all arms are deterministic functions of a single unknown parameter, we construct a greedy policy that achieves bounded regret, with a bound that depends on the single true parameter of the problem. Hence, this policy selects suboptimal arms only finitely many times with probability one. For this case, we also obtain a bound on regret that is independent of the true parameter; this bound is sublinear, with an exponent that depends on the informativeness of the arms. We also propose a variant of the greedy policy that achieves O(√T) worst case and O(1) parameter-dependent regret. Finally, we perform experiments on dynamic pricing and show that the proposed algorithms achieve significant gains with respect to the well-known benchmarks.Manuscript received April 13, 2017; revised December 21, 2017; accepted March 1, 2018. Date of publication April 12, 2018; date of current version November 16, 2018. The work of O. Atan and M. van der Schaar was supported by the NSF under Grant 1533983, Grant 1407712, and Grant 1462245. This paper was presented at the 2015 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), San Diego, CA, USA, May 2015. (Corresponding author: Onur Atan.) O. Atan and M. van der Schaar are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected])
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Pengembangan E-Supervisi SI ATAN Terhadap Kinerja Perawat dalam Menerapkan Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit
No full textRumah Sakit memiliki permasalahan kinerja perawat dalam menerapkan sasaran keselamatan pasien (SKP) yang kurang baik, supervisi rutin dilakukan dapat mencapai implementasi SKP yang lebih optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan E-Supervisi SI ATAN terhadap kinerja perawat dalam menerapkan SKP di rumah sakit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan tahapan Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation (ADDIE). Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, pendekatan cross sectional, dan pendekatan pre post without control group. Sampel tahap analyze 42 perawat, 15 supervisor; tahap development 2 pakar (media dan isi/content) dan 10 perawat (uji coba terbatas); sampel tahap implementation 45 perawat. Hasil penelitian tahap analyze adalah kinerja SKP 1 kategori baik 88,10%, SKP 2 kategori baik 78,57%, SKP 3 kategori baik 88,10%, SKP 5 kategori baik 80,95%, SKP 6 kategori baik 88,10%, supervisi baik 78,57% dan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara supervisi dengan kinerja perawat dengan nilai p value 0,013. Hasil tahap design adalah aplikasi berhasil dirancang sesuai kebutuhan. Hasil tahap development adalah Aplikasi SI ATAN telah divalidasi dan dinyatakan sangat layak oleh para pakar dengan beberapa saran perbaikan terutama pada fitur dan desain tampilan. Uji coba menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini memiliki kelayakan tinggi pada aspek desain, akses, fungsi, dan usability, meskipun perbaikan pada tampilan android disarankan. Hasil tahap implementation e-supervisi melalui aplikasi SI ATAN secara signifikan meningkatkan kinerja perawat dalam menerapkan SKP dengan nilai p value < 0,005. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa teknologi e-supervisi efektif meningkatkan keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
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