50,328 research outputs found
Initial results on the fabrication of long-period fiber Bragg gratings with a CO(2) laser
No full textLong-period fiber Bragg gratings (LPG) where the grating period is much longer than the wavelength of light have many unique characteristics and find uses in gain-flattening filters and mode converters. This paper describes the characteristics of the initial LPGs fabricated at the University of Adelaide using an infrared CO2 laser. The optical system implemented promotes uniform irradiation of the full circumference of the fiber, avoiding many of the non-uniformities, associated with a single sided system. Some initial gratings have been made using this method, which typically show an attenuation of 10dB within a wavelength range (FWHM) of 8 nm. Work is now focused on improving these devices through an understanding of the writing process and its effect on the transmitted spectrum.John C. Armitage, Magnus T. L. Hsu, Jesper Munch, Kerry A. Corbett, Kenneth J. Grant and Chris Jewel
Phylocentropus anas Arefina-Armitage & Armitage 2011, sp. n.
No full textPhylocentropus anas sp. n. (Figures 10-13) Diagnosis. The male genitalia of this species closely resemble those of Ph. vietnamellus primarily in the shape of segment Xin dorsal view, and somewhat in the shape of the inferior appendage in lateral view. However, Ph. anas is distinguished from Ph. vietnamellus by segment Xbifurcate for half of the entire segment length; by the triangular preanal appendage with broad base; and, by the shape of the inferior appendage in ventral view. Adult. Length of male forewing 7.0 mm. Main color of body and wings yellowish-brown. Forewings with venation complete; hind wings with forks I, II, III, and V. Figures 5-9. Phylocentropus ngoclinh sp. n., male genitalia. 5) Lateral view. 6) Dorsal view. 7) Ventral view. 8) Phallic apparatus, lateral view. 9) Distal portion of phallic apparatus, dorsal view. Male genitalia. Sternite IX 2.5 times as long as wide; in lateral view, anterior portion tapering to blunt apex, posterior portion broadly quadrate with rounded corners. Segment X long, duck head-shaped in lateral view, bifurcatein dorsal view. Preanal appendage large, elongate, broad basally, gradually tapering apically, with rounded apex in lateral view. Intermediate appendage absent. Inferior appendage leaf-like in lateral view; inner surface with dark bump, located dorsobasally; and, with undulate row of setae going across appendage. Phallic apparatus long and slender; endotheca very narrow, tapering to acute apex, slightly bent ventrocaudad. Female and immature stages. Unknown. Holotype male. Vietnam, Ha Tinh, Huong Son, 1240 m, 18 o 21’N, 105 o 15’E, Malaise trap, 14 May 1998, J. Carpenter, K. Long, D. Grimaldi, L. Herman, D. Silva. Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ha Tinh Province (Vietnam). Etymology. This species is named for segment X, duck head-shaped, in lateral view (“anas” is Latin for duck). Figures 10-13. Phylocentropus anas sp. n., male genitalia. 10) Lateral view. 11) Dorsal view. 12) Ventral view. 13) Phallic apparatus, lateral view.Published as part of Arefina-Armitage, I. T. & Armitage, B. J., 2011, Three new species of Phylocentropus Banks (Trichoptera: Dipseudopsidae) from Vietnam, pp. 1-6 in Insecta Mundi 2011 (193) on pages 1-
Phylocentropus tohoku Arefina-Armitage & Armitage 2011, sp. n.
No full textPhylocentropus tohoku sp. n. <p>(Figures 1-4)</p> <p>Diagnosis. The male of Phylocentropus tohoku most closely resembles Ph. narumonae in the shape of the preanal appendage and the inferior appendage in lateral view. It is distinguished by the shape of segment Xin dorsal view, having a roundly bilobed dorsal portion and a slender, acuminate ventral portion, which extends beyond the dorsal portion.</p> <p>Adult. Length of male forewing 6.8 mm. Color of body and wings light brown. Forewings with venation complete; hind wings with forks I, II, III, and V.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Sternite IX 2 times as long as wide; in lateral view, anterior portion triangular with acute apex; posterior margin broadly rounded. Segment X long, nearly rectangular in lateral view, with distal marginhaving shallow concavity; in dorsalview, broadlyrounded and bilobed, with ventralprocesses slender, acuminate, extending slightly beyonddorsal portion. Preanal appendage large, dorsal and ventral margins parallel, apexbroadly rounded. Intermediate appendage large, banana-like in lateralview. Inferior appendage mitten-like in lateral view; inner surface of dorsal lobe bearing elongate projection directed posterad in lateral view, same projection with complex shape in ventral view. Phallotheca and endotheca almost equal in length; endotheca armed with long, unpaired spiniform process.</p> <p>Female and immature stages. Unknown.</p> <p> Holotype male. Vietnam, Ha Tinh, Huong Son, 200 m, 18 o 21’N, 105 o 15’E, Malaise trap, 15 May 1998, J. Carpenter, K. Long, D. Grimaldi, L. Herman, D. Silva.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ha Tinh Province (Vietnam).</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named to honor and remember the many lives lost in the Tohoku District of the Japanese island of Honshu during the March, 2011 earthquake and tsunami. The word “Tohoku” refers to the northeast (to = east; hoku = north) district of Honshu. The Japanese meteorological agency refers to this event as the Tohoku Earthquake.</p>Published as part of <i>Arefina-Armitage, I. T. & Armitage, B. J., 2011, Three new species of Phylocentropus Banks (Trichoptera: Dipseudopsidae) from Vietnam, pp. 1-6 in Insecta Mundi 2011 (193)</i> on pages 1-6, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10090485">10.5281/zenodo.10090485</a>
Modelling the controls on melt generation during continental extension and breakup
No full textRifting is the process that leads to the formation of oceans. Rifting is the break up ofcontinents, leading to the formation of new oceanic floor between the two continentalplates. Although the concept of continental rifting is accepted within the scientificcommunity, it is still debated what controls the volume and composition of igneousmaterial generated at these constructive plate boundaries. Here I present the resultsof dynamic modelling of rifted margins. I have explored the consequences of marginand mantle structure on the melt generated during continental extension and breakup.The central aim is to understand how melting affects the rifting of continents, especiallyin the North Atlantic. In order to understand the enigmatic melt production observedaround the North Atlantic various tools are developed for interpreting the model output.These are predictions of primary major element composition of the melt, rare-earthelement composition of the melt, predictions of the crystallised mid-oceanic ridge basaltcomposition and the seismic velocity of the lower crust.The thickness of the lithosphere has a very large impact on the subsequent rifting style.Extension of a 125 km thick thermally and rheologically defined lithosphere that has noprior thinning produces little melt during breakup. The Southeast Greenland marginrifted above a pre-thinned lithosphere and at initial fast half spreading rates. Further-more, to generate the thickness, chemistry and seismic velocities observed off this margin,rifting was coincident with the arrival of a 50 km thick, 200 ?C thermal anomaly. Thisthermal anomaly is not a plume, rather an exhaustible thermal layer that has drainedalong the sub-lithospheric topography from a distal plume. The melts generated are highin MgO, and depleted in TiO. They are depleted in rare-earth elements. This wouldlead to high seismic velocities within the underplate being, as observed off SoutheastGreenland
Armitage Competition in Oregon Pioneer History Prize Winning Essay, 1949
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/871f9763-2b7f-4081-a52c-79596668b351/thumb/128.jpgPublication of the Frances Greenburg Armitage Prize Winning Essays in the Armitage Competition in Oregon Pioneer History, 1949. The winner was Homer L. Owen's '50 Nesmith: Pioneer Judge, Legislator, Farmer, Soldier, Senator and Congressman. The competition was directed by Dorothy O. Johansen. The cover art was by Lloyd J. Reynolds
Chimarra rostrata Blahnik & Arefina-Armitage & J 2012, sp. n.
No full textChimarra rostrata sp. n. (Figure 4) Diagnosis. This species is perhaps most similar, in general features, to C. areli Malicky and Mey, especially in the general shape of the inferior appendages. In both species these are similar in length and have a distinct preapical indenture on the mesal margin, as viewed ventrally. Chimarra rostrata differs in having 2 short apicomesal spine-like projections on each of the inferior appendages, and also in the short armored mesal lobes of tergum X, as well as the distinctive, sclerotized, downturned ventral apex of the phallotheca. Description. Forewing length (male) 5.8-6.2 mm. Color (in alcohol) dark brown. Head moderately elongate (postocular parietal sclerite somewhat extended behind eye). Mesoscutellar setal wart broadly pear-shaped, without apparent anterior suture. Maxillary palps with 1 st segment very short, 2 nd segment moderately elongate (shorter than segment 3, longer than segment 4), 3 rd segment relatively elongate, 4 th segment short, 5 th segment slightly shorter than segment 3. Tarsi of males modified, tarsal claws moderately to distinctly enlarged, asymmetric in length and curvature. Forewing with Rs deflected (curved toward anal margin) and sinuously inflected before base of discal cell; veins at base of discal cell slightly swollen, length of discal cell about 3 times width; r-m and m cross-veins hyaline (unpigmented), s not hyaline, s and r-m linearly aligned, m distinctly proximal; anal veins without apical fork (2A and 3A both apparently looped to 1A). Hind wing with Sc and R1 narrowly separated, not fused. Male genitalia: Segment VIII with sternum short, subtending ventral margin of segment IX; tergum scarcely longer than sternum, only slightly widened dorsally, without modifications. Segment IX unsclerotized dorsally, with distinct, short dorsolateral apodemes on anterior margin; as viewed laterally, with anterior margin extending nearly linearly from apodemes, curved in ventral half to form strongly projecting ventral margin, anteroventral margin strongly convexly rounded (as viewed dorsally or ventrally); segment very short dorsally (anterior and posterior margins narrowly separated), posterior margin abruptly, angularly lengthened below preanal appendages; ventral process very short, subtriangular, broad basally, ventrally projecting. Tergum X with lateral lobes moderately elongate (but much shorter than inferior appendages), dorsoventrally flattened, and relatively simple in structure; as viewed laterally, slightly curved downward at base, gradually narrowed and subacute apically; as viewed dorsally, elongate subtriangular, broadened near base and tapering apically, apices subacute; paired lobes relatively narrowly separated mesally, each lobe with numerous sensilla on lateral and ventral margins; mesal lobes of tergum X short and broad, complex in structure, ventral margins converging below phallotheca, dorsal margins flared outward, with 1-3 sclerotized, anteriorly curved spines on lateral margin, somewhat variably developed in different specimens and not always symmetrical on 2 lobes. Preanal appendages very short, rounded, somewhat flattened, fused basally to lateral margin of segment IX. Inferior appendages elongate, moderately dorsoventrally flattened, linear and slightly upturned as viewed laterally, with ventral margin slightly bulging; as viewed ventrally, relatively broad and uniform in width for basal three-fourths, very distinctly, angularly notched on mesal surface at apical one-fourth, apices more or less rounded, each with pair of very small, spine-like preapical projections. Phallotheca moderately elongate, tubular, with usual basal expansion, apicoventral margin sclerotized and projecting, distinctly downturned, extreme apex forming a subtriangular, laterally flattened (keeled) projection. Endotheca (apparently) only moderately elongate, mostly membranous and unmodified, but with small cluster of about 5-6 small spines. Phallotremal sclerite complex composed of pair of elongate, flattened, sclerotized rods, extending about half length of phallotheca. Material examined. Holotype male: VIETNAM: Thua Thien-Hue Province, Bach Ma NP, near junction of Rhododendron and Five Lakes trails, 1200 m, 16 o 11.17’N, 107 o 50.92’E, 16 June 2000, B. Hubley, C. Darling (ROM 2000531). Paratypes: 28 males, same data as holotype; 1 male, 2 females, Quang Nam Province, Ngoc Linh, 1460 m, 15 o 2’N, 108 o 2.3’E, 24 March 1999, sweep, D. Grimaldi, L. Herman, C. Johnson, K. Long, E. Sterling (AMNH). Etymology. This species is named for the beak-like mesal lobes of tergum X (rostrata is Latin for beaked).Published as part of Blahnik, Roger J., Arefina-Armitage, I. & J, Brian, 2012, The Genus Chimarra Stephens (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) in Vietnam, pp. 1-25 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (229) on pages 10-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.517420
[Letter from Arthur S. Rosichan to J. L. Zuber - August 11, 1944]
No full textLetter from Arthur S. Rosichan to J. L. Zuber: August 11, 1944. Subject of the letter is the author moving to Houston to work for the Jewish Community Council
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Gang Member: Who Says? Definitional and Structural Issues
No full textOwing to a number of high profile shootings in the UK over the past decade, there has been a significant amount of media and political interest in youth gangs. This chapter reports on a study conducted in 2009 in a large city in the North of England. It discusses the structure and formation of gangs in this city from the view of the young people identified as gang members and those responsible for this identification, i.e. police officers. Findings demonstrated that few of the young people viewed themselves as belonging to a gang, indeed many were scathing of such an attribution, contesting its applicability. A more accurate description of these young people is of a rather loose and fluid interlinked but informal social network of friends and associates. There was evidence that the authorities’ labeling of some young people as gang members and adoption and use of gang names attributed coherence and identity to what was often only fluid and transitional youth group formations. This may have created the very circumstances it sought to challenge
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