116 research outputs found
Effect of Heat Treatment on Color Change and The Physical Properties of Sembilang Bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro)
Full text linkTimber as a raw material for making furniture is still lacking. One alternative to overcome this problem is bamboo. The potential for bamboo in Indonesia is quite large. Sembilang bamboo is a species of bamboo that has not been widely used. Research related to the effect of heat treatment on color change and the physical properties of bamboo needs to be carried out to determine color change and the dimensional stability of bamboo. This research was carried out by giving heat at 180°C for various durations (control, 3 hours, and 6 hours). The color change, moisture content, absorption, and specific gravity of heat-treated sembilang bamboo were researched. The results showed that the color of sembilang bamboo after heat treatment became darker than the control. The moisture content and absorption values of sembilang bamboo with heat treatment at 180°C for 6 hours were higher than the control and 3 hours. The specific gravity value of the bamboo control was higher than 3 hours and 6 hours for sembilang bamboo. Heat treatment at 180°C for 6 hours had an adverse effect on the physical properties of sembilang bamboo. Heat-treated sembilang bamboo at 180°C for 3 hours was recommended in this researc
Pengaruh Perlakuan Microwave terhadap Karakteristik Kayu Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.: The Influence of Microwave Treatment on The Characteristics of Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.) Wood
No full textABSTRACT
Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.) wood is one of the fast-growing species which has low density. Wood modification by microwave (MW) treatment were conducted to improve its quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of microwave treatment on the characteristics (physical properties, wood discoloration, and wettability) of Randu wood. Microwave treatment for 0.5 and 1 minute were applied for Randu wood. The evaluation of wood discoloration, wettability, and physical properties include moisture content, specific gravity, swelling, and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) were measured. Â Wood discoloration and wettability of untreated and treated sample were measured. The results showed that microwave treatment was reduce the swelling, wettability and cause discoloration. Microwave treatment not significantly affected moisture content and specific gravity of treated wood. Microwave treatment increased contact angle than untreated, and 0.5 minutes microwave treatment caused significant discoloration than 1 minutes microwave treatment and untreated sample. The MW treatment indicated to increase the hydrophobicity of Randu wood.Â
 Keywords: discoloration, microwave, randu, wettability.
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ABSTRAK
Kayu randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.) merupakan salah satu jenis kayu cepat tumbuh yang memiliki kerapatan rendah. Modifikasi kayu dengan perlakuan microwave (MW) dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitasnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh perlakuan microwave terhadap karakteristik (sifat fisik, perubahan warna kayu, dan keterbasahan) kayu Randu. Perlakuan microwave selama 0.5 dan 1 menit diaplikasikan pada kayu randu. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu perubahan warna kayu, keterbasahan, dan sifat fisis yang meliputi kadar air, berat jenis, pengembangan, dan anti-swelling efficiency (ASE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan microwave mengurangi pengembangan, keterbasahan dan menyebabkan perubahan warna. Perlakuan microwave tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air dan berat jenis kayu. Perlakuan gelombang mikro meningkatkan sudut kontak dibanding kontrol, dan perlakuan microwave 0.5 menit menyebabkan perubahan warna yang signifikan dibanding microwave 1 menit dan tanpa perlakuan. Perlakuan MW dapat meningkatkan hidrofobisitas kayu randu.
 Katakunci: keterbasahan, microwave, randu, perubahan warna
KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH UTAMA DALAM CERPEN “WARAWARETA KO”KARYA YOKOMITSU RIICHI (SEBUAH TINJAUAN PSIKOANALISIS) 横光利一が書かれた「笑われた子という短編にある主人公の感情の葛藤 「精神分析の見直し」
Full text linkABSTRACT
Setyawati, Siska Eka. 2016. The main character inner conflict in the Warawarata Ko short story by Yokomitsu Riichi. A review of psychoanalysis. A thesis of Japanese Literature program of study, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang. Pembimbing I Drs. M. Muzakka, M.Hum. Pembimbing II Zaki Ainul Fadli, SS. M.Hum.
The author will describe human life’s with all of their problem and conflicts. The inner conflict experienced by Kichi in this short story cause anxiety and self defense mechanism. Hence, the author’s interested to researching about intrinsic element and the psychological side of this short story more, with a psychoanalysis theory by Sigmun Freud.
This research aims to answer statement of the problem that is structure, inner conflict and self defense mechanism of the main character in the Warawarata Ko short story when face his problems of life based on psychoanalysis perspective.
The method used in this research is using structural methods to analyze the elements of intrinsic, then used psychological approach literature for data related to the main character, using the theory of personality or commonly known as psychoanalysis, to discuss the structure of personality, anxiety, and self-defense mechanisms ,
The results of the research that has been achieved is the emergence of inner conflict on the main character that is triggered by anxiety and fear, because the dream is going through. To overcome the anxiety is the main character doing a self-defense mechanism of aggression is diverted, redirected aggression is when a person experiences frustration but can not be satisfied to reveal the source of frustration for not being clear or untouched. Id that is in Kichi figures greatly affect the state of psychology, because although in reality he was in a state of life with relaxing without thinking about his future, but because of his dream life changed.
Keywords : psychoanalysis, inner conflict. self defense mechanism
Efek Perlakuan Panas Terhadap Perubahan Warna Bambu Sembilang (Dendrocalamus giganteus): Effect of Heat Treatment to Color Change on Sembilang Bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus)
Full text linkABSTRACT
Bamboo can be used as an alternative raw material to replace wood. Bamboo is a fast-growing plant that requires quality improvement. One type of bamboo that has not been utilized optimally is sembilang bamboo. Quality improvement can be done through heat modification. Heat treatment can improve the mechanical properties of a material but can cause discoloration. This study aimed to determine the effect of heat treatment on the discoloration of sembilang bamboo. This research was conducted by giving sembilang bamboo heat treatment at 180°C for 3 hours and 6 hours. The results obtained were sembilang bamboo, after heat treatment for 3 hours and 6 hours became darker than the control. The longer the heating time, the greater the value of the color change.
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Keywords: color change, heat treatment, sembilang bamboo
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ABSTRAK
Bambu dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku alternatif pengganti kayu. Bambu termasuk tanaman cepat tumbuh yang memerlukan peningkatan kualitas. Salah satu jenis bambu yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal adalah bambu sembilang. Peningkatan kualitas dapat dilakukan dengan cara modifikasi panas. Perlakuan panas dapat meningkatkan sifat mekanis suatu bahan namun dapat menyebabkan perubahan warna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek perlakuan panas terhadap perubahan warna bambu sembilang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan perlakuan panas pada bambu sembilang dengan suhu 180°C selama 3 jam dan 6 jam. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah bambu sembilang setelah perlakuan panas selama 3 jam dan 6 jam menjadi lebih gelap dibandingkan kontrolnya. Semakin lama waktu pemanasan maka nilai perubahan warnanya semakin besar.
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Kata kunci: bambu sembilang, perlakuan panas, perubahan warn
ANALISIS STRUKTUR PENGENDALIAN INTERN ATAS PROSEDUR PIUTANG USAHAPADA PT. HARMONI MITRA UTAMA PALEMBANG CABANG PALEMBANG
Full text linkAnalysis of Internal Control on Structure Accounts Receivable at PT Harmoni Mitra Utama Palembang
Email :[email protected]
Siska Meidia Putri (xiii+ 64 Halaman)
This final report aimed for analyzing the structure on internal control over accounts receivable at PT. Harmoni Mitra Utama Palembang. In writing this final report, the author conducted data primary and secunder collection by interview, quisionnaires, in PT. Harmoni Mitra Utama Palembang. After writer did analysis, there are problems in control environment, risk assessment and control activity, that includes there are no billing functions on the company, duplicate tasks, the documents and records are not complete. It makes the transaction cannot be accountable and management internal control structure in account receivable not effective yet. From the conclusions above, the management must have good communication with the independent auditors, complete the subsidiaries document dan accounting record, apply the task of related functions accordance with system and procedure of accounting receivable record. That suggestion aimed for easier the independent auditors to analyze the structure of internal control, be accountableand implementing the task of related functions accordance with system and procedure of receivable record to make it effective in order to avoid mistakes or fraud
PENGARUH PROSES BLEACHING TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS KAYU PINUS (Pinus sp.) TERSERANG BLUE STAIN
Full text linkThe weakness of pine wood as a furniture material is that it is easily attacked by blue stain which causes changes in the color of the wood. In previous research, it was reported that bleaching material i.e. sodium hypochlorite 25% had a significant effect on the color change of pine wood affected by blue stain, but the effect on its physical and mechanical properties was not yet known. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of bleaching materials on the physical and mechanical properties of pine wood attacked by blue stain. Bleaching treatment was carried out at three different concentrations, namely a mixture of bleaching material and water 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. Then the pine woods that has been treated with bleaching were tested for moisture content, density, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR)) referring to the BS 372-1957 standard. The test results showed that the bleaching treatment had a significant effect on moisture content, MOE, and MOR, but did not affect density. The moisture content of pine woods attacked by blue stains that were treated with bleaching tended to be higher than the control. Meanwhile, the lowest MOE and MOR values were found in pine wood that was treated with bleaching 2:1.Keywords: bleaching, blue stain, mechanical, pine, physical.AbstrakKelemahan dari kayu pinus sebagai bahan furnitur yaitu mudah terserang blue stain yang menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan warna kayu. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah dilaporkan bahwa bahan bleaching sodium hipoklorit 25% berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan warna kayu pinus terserang blue stain, namun belum diketahui pengaruh terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisis dan mekanis kayu pinus terserang blue stain yang diberi perlakuan bleaching. Perlakuan bleaching pada kayu pinus terserang blue stain dilakukan pada tiga konsentrasi berbeda yaitu campuran bahan bleaching dan air 1:1, 1:2, dan 2:1. Kemudian kayu pinus yang telah diberi perlakuan bleaching diuji kadar air, kerapatan, modulus of elasticity (MOE) dan modulus of rupture (MOR)) mengacu pada standar BS 372-1957. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan bleaching berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar air, MOE, dan MOR, namun tidak beroengaruh terhadap kerapatan. Kayu pinus terserang blue stain yang diberi perlakuan bleaching memiliki kadar air yang lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol. Sedangkan nilai MOE dan MOR yang paling rendah ditemukan pada kayu pinus yang diberi perlakuan bleaching 2:1. Kata kunci: bleaching, blue stain, fisis, mekanis, pinus.
ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN RISIKO PERILAKU KEKERASAN DENGAN TERAPI MUSIK KLASIK DI PUSKESMAS KARANGMONCOL
No full textASUHAN KEPERAWATAN RISIKO PERILAKU KEKERASAN DENGAN TERAPI MUSIK KLASIK DI PUSKESMAS KARANGMONCOLPoppy Siska Permatasari1) (2019),Mukhadiono, SST, MH2), Dyah Wahyuningsih, S. Kep., M.Kep2)1)Mahasiswa Program Studi DIII Keperawatan Purwokerto2)Dosen Program Studi D III Keperawatan PurwokertoJurusan Keperawatan : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang Email : [email protected] belakang, Kesehatan jiwa merupakan suatu keadaan dimana seseorang yang terbebas dari gangguan jiwa,dan memiliki sikap positif untuk menggambarkan tentang kedewasaan serta kepribadiannya. Gangguan jiwa adalah suatu perubahan pada fungsi jiwa yang menyebabkan adanya gangguan pada fungsi jiwa, yang menimbulkan penderitaan pada individu dan atau hambatan dalam melaksanakan peran sosial. Perilaku kekerasan merupakan keadaan dimana seseorang melakukan tindakan agresif yang dapat membahayakan secara fisik, baik pada dirinya sendiri maupun orang lain. Terapi musik merupakan salah satu bentuk dari teknik relaksasi yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi agresif. Tujuan, menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan risiko perilaku kekerasan dengan terapi musik klasik. Metode, desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Pengolahan data secara naratif pada 2 responden dengan kriteria inklusi pasien risiko perilaku kekerasan, usia 18-55 tahun, dan kooperatif. Hasil, pasien mampu mengontrol marah. Walaupun masih menunjukkan perilaku agresif sehingga masalah risiko perilaku kekerasan belum teratasi. Simpulan, tindakan asuhan keperawatan risiko perilaku kekerasan didasarkan pada proses pengkajian, menganalisis masalah keperawatan yang muncul, menentukan rencana tindakan, melakukan implementasi dan evaluasi. Saran, diharapkan penulis mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam asuhan keperawatan sehingga pasien dapat menerapkan terapi yang diajarkan.Kata Kunci : Risko perilaku kekerasan, gangguan jiwa, musik klasik NURSING CARE RISK OF VIOLENCE BEHAVIOR WITH CLASSIC MUSIC THERAPY IN THE KARANGMONCOL HEALTH CENTERPoppy Siska Permatasari1) (2019),Mukhadiono, SST, MH2), Dyah Wahyuningsih, S. Kep., M.Kep2)1)Mahasiswa Program Studi DIII Keperawatan Purwokerto2)Dosen Program Studi D III Keperawatan PurwokertoJurusan Keperawatan : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang Email : [email protected], mental health is a condition where a person is free of mental disorders, and has a positive attitude to describe his maturity and personality. Mental disorder is a change in the functioning of the soul which causes a disturbance in the functioning of the soul, which causes suffering to individuals and / or obstacles in carrying out social roles. Violent behavior is a condition in which a person takes aggressive actions that can be physically harmful, both to himself and others. Music therapy is a form of relaxation technique that aims to reduce aggression. The aim, describing nursing care is the risk of violent behavior with classical music therapy. Method, the research design used is descriptive research. Narrative data processing in 2 respondents with patient inclusion criteria risk of violent behavior, age 18-55 years, and cooperative. Results, patients are able to control anger. Although it still shows aggressive behavior so the problem of risk of violent behavior has not been resolved. Conclusion, the action of risk behavioral nursing care is based on the assessment process, analyzing nursing problems that arise, determining action plans, implementing and evaluating. Suggestions, it is expected that the author is able to improve knowledge and skills in nursing care so that patients can apply the therapy taught.Keywords: Risk violent behavior, mental disorders, music classic
The Utilization Rubber Wood Finger Joint Laminated for Furniture Application
Full text linkRubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) was considered a promising alternative material in furniture manufacturing due to its favorable physical and mechanical properties, sufficient availability, and relatively high economic value. However, it lacked natural durability and was vulnerable to insect and fungal attacks, requiring preservative treatment before use. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Finger Joint Laminated (FJL) products made from preservative-treated rubber wood as a potential raw material for furniture. The research involved wood selection, preservative treatment using deltamethrin and boric acid via the vacuum-pressure method, fabrication of FJL using three adhesive compositions (PVAc, PVAc + 5% hardener, and PVAc + 15% hardener), and testing of physical (moisture content and density) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture) properties according to BS 373:1957 standards.
The results showed that all FJL variants met the density requirements stated in SNI 01-0608-2017. The FJL bonded with 15% PVAc and hardener achieved the highest density and exhibited superior mechanical strength. Although the addition of hardener increased the moisture content, it remained within the acceptable limit (<15%) as defined in SNI 01-0608-1989. The improvement in mechanical performance was attributed to enhanced cross-linking in the adhesive. Some mechanical failures were likely caused by uneven adhesive application. In conclusion, rubber wood treated with preservatives and processed into FJL with optimal adhesive composition demonstrated strong potential as material for furniture productio
Pengaruh Steam dan Variasi Lapisan Terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Partikel Hibrida Kayu Jabon dan Bambu Betung: Effect of Steam and Layer Variation on The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Jabon Wood and Betung Bamboo Hybrid Particleboard
Full text linkABSTRACT
This study aims to assess the physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard fabricated from jabon wood (Anthocephalus cadamba) and betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) with the application of steam treatment and variations in the arrangement of particleboard layers. The steam conditioning was executed via autoclaving at a temperature of 126 ºC for a duration of 60 minutes under a pressure of 0.14 MPa to improve particle quality prior to the board manufacturing process. The particleboards were architected following a face/core/back schema with three layered variations, namely jabon particleboard, hybrid jabon/bamboo/jabon, and bamboo/jabon/bamboo. The adhesive agent utilized was urea-formaldehyde (UF), applied at a proportion of 10% relative to the oven-dry weight of the particles. The dimensional specifications of the particleboards were fixed at 30 × 30 × 0.9 cm³, targeting a density of 0.6 g/cm³. The appraisal of the physical and mechanical properties was conducted in strict adherence to JIS A 5908-2003, encompassing density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. The empirical outcomes intimate that the hybrid particleboard with a bamboo/jabon/bamboo subjected to steam treatment manifested superlative performance, substantially augmenting the physical and mechanical properties made from jabon wood and betung bamboo.
Keywords: betung bamboo, hybrid, jabon wood, particleboard, steam.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengkaji sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel hibrida yang terbuat dari kayu jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) dan bambu betung (Dendrocalamus asper) dengan penerapan perlakuan steam serta variasi susunan lapisan papan partikel. Perlakuan steam dilakukan menggunakan autoklaf dengan suhu 126 ºC dengan lama 60 menit dengan tekanan 0,14 MPa untuk meningkatkan kualitas partikel sebelum proses pembuatan papan. Papan partikel disusun dengan pola face/core/back dalam tiga variasi lapisan, yaitu papan partikel jabon, hibrida jabon/bambu/jabon, dan hibrida bambu/jabon/bambu. Perekat yang digunakan yaitu urea formaldehida (UF) sebanyak 10% dari berat kering partikel. Dimensi papan partikel adalah 30x30x0,9 cm³ dengan target kerapatan 0,6 g/cm³. Evaluasi sifat fisis dan mekanis mengikuti kriteria JIS A 5908-2003, mencakup kerapatan, kadar air, daya serap air, pengembangan tebal, modulus of rupture dan modulus of elasticity. Hasil penelitian mengindikasi bahwasanya papan partikel hibrida dengan susunan bambu/jabon/bambu dan perlakuan steam menghasilkan performa terbaik, serta mampu meningkatkan sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel berbahan kayu jabon dan bambu betung.
Kata kunci: bambu betung, hibrida, kayu jabon, papan partikel, steam
ON PRESENCE OF MUSLIMS IN SISAK VICINITY UNTIL 17th CENTURY
Full text linkU članku se predstavlja nazočnost muslimana u okolici Siska do 17. stoljeća. U prvom dijelu rada predstavljeni su najosnovniji podatci o osmanskom zauzimanju prostora južno i istočno od rijeke Kupe te formiranju protuosmanske obrane. Obavijesti o bitkama kod Petrinje i Siska nastojane su biti prezentirane iz osmanske perspektive. Problematizira se i postojanje osmanskog sandžaka u okolici Siska, kao i spominjanje sandžaka Kupa, koji se mogao odnositi na sisačko područje. U završnom dijelu članka predstavljen je boravak Osman-age Temišvarskog u Sisku u drugoj polovici 17. stoljeća. Autor poziva na potrebu budućih istraživanja pokrštavanja muslimana na području šire okolice Siska na osnovi matičnih knjiga.The article presents the presence of Muslims in the vicinity of Sisak until the 17th century. The first part of the paper presents the most basic data on the Ottoman occupation of the area south and east of the Kupa River and the formation of the Ottoman defense. Information about the battles near Petrinja and Sisak sought to be presented from an Ottoman perspective. The existence of the Ottoman Sandzak in the vicinity of Sisak is also problematic, as is the mention of the Sandzak Kupa, which could refer to the Sisak area. The final part of the article presents the stay of Osman-aga from Timisoara in Sisak in the second half of the 17th century. The author calls for the need for future research on the baptism of Muslims in the wider area of Sisak on the basis of registry book
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