51 research outputs found
Adapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
PENGARUH HARGA DAN ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK HAND SANITIZER DIMEDIASI OLEH CITRA MEREK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 (Studi Pada Pelanggan Dettol Hand Sanitizer di DKI Jakarta)
No full textMuhammad Umar Al Fikri Humris, 2022; Pengaruh Harga Dan Electronic
Word of Mouth Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Hand Sanitizer
Dimediasi Oleh Citra Merek di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Pada
Pelanggan Dettol Hand Sanitizer di DKI Jakarta). Skripsi, Jakarta: Program
Studi S1 Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Tim
Pembimbing: Andi Muhammad Sadat, SE., M.Si., Ph.D & Rahmi, S.E.,
M.S.M.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga terhadap keputusan
pembelian, pengaruh EWOM terhadap keputusan pembelian, pengaruh harga
terhadap citra merek, pengaruh EWOM terhadap citra merek, pengaruh citra merek
terhadap keputusan pembelian, pengaruh tidak langsung harga terhadap keputusan
pembelian melalui citra merek, pengaruh tidak langsung EWOM terhadap
keputusan pembelian melalui citra merek.
Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei dengan instrumen berupa
kuesioner. Sampel penelitian yang dikumpulkan berjumlah 220 responden
pelanggan Hand Sanitizer Dettol. Analisis data menggunakan software SPSS versi
25 dan Lisrel 8.8 untuk mengolah dan menganalisis data hasil penelitian.
Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukan Harga berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak
signifikan terhadap Keputusan pembelian, EWOM berpengaruh positif dan
signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian, Harga berpengaruh positif dan
signifikan terhadap Citra Merek, EWOM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan
terhadap Citra Merek, Citra Merek berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan
terhadap Keputusan Membeli, Citra Merek tidak memediasi antara Harga dan
Keputusan Membeli, dan Citra Merek tidak memediasi antara EWOM dan
Keputusan Membeli.
Kata Kunci: Harga, Electronic Word-of-Mouth, Keputusan Pembelian, Citra
Merek, Detto
EXPLORING THE LOW RATE OF BPR CUSTOMER GROWTH IN JAKARTA
No full textSince mid of 2015, the number of BPR customer has declined (Joko Suyanto in Linangkung, 2016). This study intends to describe what factors that influence the low rate of BPR customer growth in Jakarta. The explorative approach was done by employing samples in two steps. First, interviews were conducted on 10 market participants followed by FGD (focus group discussion) to 32 respondents in one of the largest “pasar induk” in Jakarta. Second, FGD results become the guideline for arranging the questionnaires and distributed to 200 respondents in five locations of “pasar induk” in Jakarta by applying quota sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using factor analysis technique by involving practitioners and academics in the process of identifying and naming the variables. The result proves that the factors that affect the customers reluctant to become BPR customers caused by five factors, namely: attitude (consumer rating for not to choose BPR); subjective norms (the pressure of the relatives); perceived behavioral control (customers control to decide not to choose BPR); intention (the intention not to choose BPR; and behavior (action not to choose BPR)
PENGARUH VIRAL MARKETING, BRAND AWARENESS, DAN DISTRIBUTION INTENSITY TERHADAP PURCHASE DECISION MELALUI BRAND PREFERENCE PADA KONSUMEN MINUMAN KEKINIAN
No full textMuhammad Afriza Rifki Alfarez, 2024 : Pengaruh Viral Marketing, Brand
Awareness, dan Distribution Intensity Terhadap Purchase Decision Melalui Brand
Preference Pada Konsumen Minuman Kekinian. Skripsi, Jakarta: Program Studi S1
Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Tim Pembimbing:
Andi Muhammad Sadat, SE., M.Si., Ph.D & Rahmi, S.E., M.S.M.,
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran dari viral marketing, brand
awareness, distribution intensity terhadap purchase decision melalui brand
preference. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode
survei yang dilakukan secara online menggunakan Google Form. Sampel yang
digunakan peneltiian ini adalah 232 responden dengan kriteria masyarakat yang
berdomisili Jabodetabek, dengan usia minimal 17 tahun, dan pernah membeli
produk Mixue dalam 6 bulan terakhir. Analisis data menggunakan metode SEM
dengan memanfaatkan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 25 dan AMOS versi 24. Hasil
peneltiian menunjukkan bahwa viral marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan
terhadap brand preference pada konsumen Mixue di wilayah Jabodetabek, brand
awareness berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand preference pada
konsumen Mixue di wilayah Jabodetabek. Distribution intensity berpengaruh
positif dan signifikan terhadap brand preference pada konsumen Mixue di wilayah
Jabodetabek. Viral marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase
decision pada konsumen Mixue di wilayah Jabodetabek. Brand awareness
berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase decision pada konsumen
Mixue di wilayah Jabodetabek. Distribution intensity berpengaruh positif dan tidak
signifikan terhadap purchase decision pada konsumen Mixue di wilayah
Jabodetabek. Brand preference berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap
purchase decision pada konsumen Mixue di wilayah Jabodetabek. Selain itu,
penelitian ini juga mampu memperkaya pengetahuan tentang bagaimana cara
perusahaan dalam menentukan tempat usaha yang tepat untuk menjangkau pasar
atau konsumennya. Kedekatan lokasi outlet pada merek Mixue menciptakan lebih
banyak kesadaran merek dibandingkan menciptakan keputusan pembelian
konsumen. Sehingga ketersediaan outlet Mixue berkontribusi lebih besar terhadap
kesadaran merek dibandingkan keputusan pembelian. Hal ini dikarenakan
konsumen tidak semata mata memilih produk minuman Mixue berdasarkan
kedekatan lokasinya, namun lebih kepada kesadaran akan merek tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Viral Marketing, Brand Awareness, Distribution Intensity,
Brand Preference, Purchase Decision, Mixu
An analytical study of the theatre of the Syrian playwright Saadallah Wannous, with particular emphasis on the plays written after the 1967 war
No full textThis study is an examination of the life and work of
the Syrian dramatist Saadallah Wannous (1941-1997). Wannous's name is virtually unknown in the West; only two academic studies of any significance have appeared in English on this eminent and challenging writer, who was honoured by UNESCO at the end of his life. Even in the Arab world his standing rests largely upon his celebrity as a cultural icon, since professional performances of his plays are rare due to the decline of the theatre in the region, and little attention has been devoted to theatre studies by Arab academics. The two studies in English do not attempt to be comprehensive but focus on particular stages of Wannous's career. This study is, therefore, the first to encompass the full range of Wannous's work. To do so it combines an account of his life which seeks to comprehend the various forces that shaped his thinking with an analysis of his dramatic works. The study concentrates on the plays written in the years following the trauma inflicted on the Arab world by the catastrophe of their
defeat in the Arab-Israeli war of June, 1967. Wannous's career can be divided into three phases: the immature plays of his young manhood which are influenced by European models and generally focus on the social condition of the individual; his middle period - the `theatre of politicisation', when his Marxist politics were the main
factor shaping his drama; and his late works, which are characterised by an extraordinary freedom of thought and expression. The introduction places Wannous in his historical and sociocultural context and provides a brief background explaining the literary and theatrical traditions of the Arab world that influenced his activity as a dramatist. Each phase is then examined in turn and the plays are analysed in accordance with the focus of the study. This means that emphasis is given to the middle period,
but no significant work is neglected. The study aims to trace the trajectory of Wannous's development using a
variety of sources: the plays themselves, Wannous's own journalism and critical writings, interviews with his widow, his friends and colleagues, and numerous
journals, books and articles, some of which contain
important interviews with Wannous that shed light on his thought and ways of working. Use is also made of the
two studies mentioned above. The study shows that Wannous's theatre was influenced by the key political, social and cultural developments of his time, and that he
constantly sought to find forms that would express those transformations in dramatic terms
PENGARUH DIGITAL MARKETING, E-WOM, DESTINATION BRANDING DAN GREEN MARKETING TERHADAP VISIT INTENTION DESA WISATA
No full textThania Sanique Nandika, 2022: Pengaruh Digital Marketing, e-WOM,
Destination Branding dan Green Marketing terhadap Visit Intention Desa
Wisata. Skripsi, Jakarta : Program Studi S1 Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi,
Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Tim Pembimbing : Andi Muhammad Sadat, SE.,
M.Si., Ph.D & Ika Febrilia, SE, M.M.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh Digital Marketing
terhadap Visit Intention, pengaruh e-WOM terhadap Visit Intention, pengaruh
Destination Branding terhadap Visit Intention, dan pengaruh Green Marketing
terhadap Visit Intention Desa Wisata Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini
menggunakan metode survei dengan menyebarkan instrumen berupa kuesioner.
Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 238 orang. Teknik analisis
data pada penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi SPSS Versi 25.0 dan SEM
(Structural Equation Model) dari LISREL Dari empat hipotesis yang diajukan
dalam penelitian ini semuanya menunjukan hasil yang signifikan
Kata Kunci: Destination Branding, Desa Wisata Malasari, Digital Marketing, eWOM, Green Matketing, Visit Intention
Organizational Amnesia: the Barrier of Value Creation and Organizational Performance in Small and Medium Sized Enterprise
No full textSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia has an essential role in economic. Their existence appeared significant when the economy crisis in Asia 1997 and the world economic crisis in 2008. Therefore the existence of SMEs for business and society are imperative, so their sustainability should be maintained through value creation and performance. However, unlike the large companies that typically have resources to maintain information and their knowledge extensively, SME fall into lack of resources that driving them on amnesia consistently (S J Hall & De Raffaele, 2013) and it predispose the ability to create value and company's performance. This paper aims to describe the existence of organizational amnesia (OA) as the failure of organizations to learn reliably at the organizational level (Kransdorff, 1998). This phenomenon is proposed affect SMEs creating value and organizational performance. Some conclusion and future research has been recommended
Factors Influencing Switching Intention in Islamic Banking in Indonesia’s Muslim Community
No full textAbstract
Purpose - The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of satisfaction, perceived herd, perceived security, perceived price, switching cost, and social presence on customer’s switching intention from Islamic banks to conventional banks in the context of an Islamic bank hack.
Design/methodology/approach - The study was conducted with 211 respondents from Muslim communities in Indonesia, specifically targeting customers of Islamic banks. The data were analysed using SmartPLS software with the SEM method.
Findings - The findings indicate that perceived security and customer satisfaction play crucial roles in customers' intentions to switch from Islamic banks to conventional banks. Conversely, perceived herd, price, social presence, and switching cost have less significant impacts.
Originality/Value - This study uniquely integrates the concepts of perceived herd, social presence, and satisfaction to provide a comprehensive understanding of customers' switching intention in the context of Islamic banks in Indonesia, particularly following a bank hack. It contributes to the literature by exploring the interplay between social influence and security concerns, which has been less examined in Islamic banking in Indonesia. In doing so, it offers new insights for developing customer retention strategies.
Research limitations/implications - The study's limitations include a limited sample size and a focus on a specific community, which reduces generalisability of the findings.
Practical implications - Islamic banks should prioritise enhancing perceived security and customer satisfaction through robust cybersecurity measures and high-quality services
Social implications - The study's findings emphasise the importance of customer satisfaction and security in maintaining customer loyalty in the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia
 
Pengaruh Sosial Media Marketing terhadap Loyalty Intention melalui Relationship Quality sebagai Mediator pada Pelanggan Tiktok Shop
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh sosial media marketing terhadap Loyalty Intention dengan mempertimbangkan Relationship Quality sebagai variabel mediator pada pelanggan TikTok Shop. Dalam era bisnis digital, sosial media marketing menjadi alat yang semakin krusial, terutama dalam menarik dan mempertahankan pelanggan. TikTok Shop, sebagai salah satu platform s-commerce yang berkembang pesat, menyediakan kesempatan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana strategi pemasaran di media sosial dapat memengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada minimal 200 responden yang berdomisili di Jabodetabek, berusia minimal 17 tahun, dan telah melakukan pembelian minimal enam kali dalam tiga bulan terakhir. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) melalui software AMOS versi 24 untuk menguji hubungan antara variabel-variabel yang diteliti serta menguji hipotesisnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Relationship Quality memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap Loyalty Intention. Namun, pengalaman negatif pelanggan tidak memengaruhi Relationship Quality. Selain itu, Relationship Quality juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap Customer Trust. Di sisi lain, sosial media marketing memengaruhi Relationship Quality, customer experience memengaruhi sosial media marketing, dan sosial media marketing memengaruhi Customer Trust. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi pengelola TikTok Shop dan praktisi pemasaran digital untuk fokus pada strategi pemasaran yang tidak hanya menarik tetapi juga membangun dan memperkuat hubungan dengan pelanggan. Penggunaan konten yang relevan, interaktif, dan personal dapat meningkatkan Relationship Quality, yang pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan
PENGARUH CELEBRITY ENDORSER, BRAND IMAGE DAN WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN
No full textRuth Natalina, 1705618069, 2022; Pengaruh Celebrity Endorser, Brand Image
dan Word of Mouth terhadap Purchase Decision. Skripsi, Jakarta: Program Studi S1
Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Tim Pembimbing:
Agung Kresnamurti Rivai P., ST, M.M dan Andi Muhammad Sadat, SE., M.Si.,
Ph.D.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk menganalisis pengaruh celebrity endorser
terhadap word of mouth MS Glow. 2) Untuk menganalisis pengaruh brand image
terhadap word of mouth MS Glow. 3) Untuk menganalisis pengaruh celebrity
endorser terhadap brand image MS Glow. 4) Untuk menganalisis pengaruh
celebrity endorser terhadap purchase decision MS Glow. 5) Untuk menganalisis
pengaruh brand image terhadap purchase decision MS Glow. 6) Untuk
menganalisis pengaruh word of mouth terhadap purchase decision MS Glow. 7)
Untuk menganalisis pengaruh celebrity endorser dan word of mouth terhadap
purchase decision MS Glow. 8) Untuk menganalisis pengaruh brand image dan
word of mouth terhadap purchase decision MS Glow. 9) Untuk menganalisis
pengaruh celebrity endorser, brand image dan word of mouth terhadap purchase
decision MS Glow. Objek pada penelitian ini yaitu 200 responden pelanggan di
DKI Jakarta yang telah menggunakan produk MS Glow, dengan teknik purposive
sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan menyebarkan
kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Structural Equation Model
(SEM) berbasis LISREL Versi 8.8.
Kata Kunci : Celebrity Endorser, Brand Image, Word of mouth, Purchase Decision,
MS Glow
- …
