14 research outputs found
Invisible bodies: an analysis of fatphobia in the public agenda
No full textOs estigmas associados ao corpo gordo, na sociedade ocidental contemporânea, promovem sua exclusão por considerá-lo moralmente inadequado e, consequentemente, impulsionam a condição de um corpo que não merece viver em sociedade. Essa discriminação, denominada como gordofobia, representa uma ameaça à participação de indivíduos com corpos gordos nos espaços sociais e constitui uma violência que restringe o acesso aos direitos humanos fundamentais, como o direito à dignidade e à vida. Diante desse contexto, esta pesquisa teve como propósito problematizar a gordofobia, visando caracterizá-la como problema público que demanda políticas públicas específicas. Para atender a esse objetivo central, esta pesquisa foi organizada conforme as seguintes etapas: (i) revisão bibliográfica sobre a gordofobia; (ii) análise dos aspectos e desdobramentos da gordofobia, a fim de estimular uma reflexão acerca das implicações desse sistema opressor; (iii) levantamento das estratégias governamentais nacionais que têm como foco de ação a prevenção e/ou o enfrentamento da gordofobia; (iv) revisão sistemática da produção científica nacional sobre a gordofobia, visando explorar o “estado da arte”, compreender o conhecimento existente sobre a área de interesse, bem como contextualizar a pesquisa e estabelecer uma base sólida para a investigação. Esta pesquisa adotou uma abordagem de investigação qualitativa, com objetivos de caráter exploratório-descritivo. Para o desenvolvimento e alcance dos objetivos propostos, foi empregada a combinação das pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. A presente investigação partiu do pressuposto de que, embora venha ganhando destaque, tanto na produção científica quanto nas agendas governamentais, a gordofobia ainda se configura como uma pauta emergente que requer ações mais eficazes de enfrentamento. Posto isto, a pesquisa documental, que abrangeu o levantamento de estratégias governamentais nacionais com foco de ação na prevenção e/ou no enfrentamento da gordofobia, revelou que há pouco protagonismo da temática no conjunto de ações dos poderes públicos. A revisão sistemática de literatura, por sua vez, evidenciou que a academia nacional tem produzido conhecimento acerca da gordofobia, ainda que o número de pesquisas seja limitado e o ritmo do debate não seja condizente com a complexidade e relevância da temática. Por fim, os resultados desta pesquisa mostraram que existem lacunas que ainda precisam ser mais bem exploradas, tanto do ponto de vista teórico, quanto do prático. Palavras-chave: corpo gordo; gordofobia; discriminação; políticas públicasThe stigmas associated with the fat body in contemporary Western society promote its exclusion by considering it morally inadequate and, consequently, promote the condition of a body that does not deserve to live in society. This discrimination, known as fatphobia, represents a threat to the participation of individuals with fat bodies in social spaces and constitutes violence that restricts access to fundamental human rights, such as the right to dignity and life. Given this context, this research aimed to problematize fatphobia, aiming to characterize it as a public problem that demands specific public policies. To meet this central objective, this research was organized according to the following steps: (i) bibliographic review on fatphobia; (ii) analysis of the aspects and consequences of fatphobia, in order to stimulate reflection on the implications of this oppressive system; (iii) survey of national government strategies that focus on preventing and/or confronting fatphobia; (iv) systematic review of national scientific production on fatphobia, aiming to explore the “state of the art”, understand the existing knowledge on the area of interest, as well as contextualize the research and establish a solid basis for investigation. This research adopted a qualitative research approach, with exploratory-descriptive objectives. In order to develop and achieve the proposed objectives, a combination of bibliographic and documentary research was used. This research was based on the assumption that, although it has been gaining prominence, both in scientific production and in government agendas, fatphobia is still an emerging issue that requires more effective actions to confront it. That said, the documentary research, which included the survey of national government strategies focused on preventing and/or confronting fatphobia, revealed that there is little prominence of the topic in the set of actions of public authorities. The systematic literature review showed that the national academy has produced knowledge about fatphobia, although the number of studies is limited and the pace of debate is not consistent with the complexity and relevance of the topic. Finally, the results of this research showed that there are gaps that still need to be better explored, both from a theoretical and practical point of view. Keywords: fat body; fatphobia; discrimination; public policiesCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq
“PL Minas sem gordofobia”: uma análise descritiva do projeto de lei 352/2023
No full textThe aim of this article was to carry out a descriptive analysis of the elements included in Bill No. 352/2023, entitled “PL Minas sem gordophobia”. This provides protection and inclusion measures for fat people, as well as proposing the implementation of awareness-raising and combating fatphobia actions in the state of Minas Gerais. To support this investigation, concepts and theoretical foundations related to the field of interest were explored, using bibliographic and documentary research methods. A careful analysis of the content of the Bill revealed that it addresses a very complex and emerging theme in the context of Public Administration. The “PL Minas sem Gordofobia” represents, therefore, an important tool in the fight against fatphobia in Minas Gerais. Therefore, its effective implementation denotes the potential to influence other Brazilian states to incorporate this agenda into their government agendas, thus highlighting the substantial relevance of this document.El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar un análisis descriptivo de los elementos incluidos en el Proyecto de Ley nº 352/2023, denominado “PL Minas sem gordofobia”. Este prevé medidas de protección e inclusión de las personas gordas, además de proponer la implementación de acciones de sensibilización y combate a la gordofobia en el estado de Minas Gerais. Para sustentar esta investigación se exploraron conceptos y fundamentos teóricos relacionados con el campo de interés, utilizando métodos de investigación bibliográfica y documental. Un análisis cuidadoso del contenido del proyecto de ley reveló que aborda un tema muy complejo y emergente en el contexto de la Administración Pública. El “PL Minas sem Gordofobia” representa, por tanto, una herramienta importante en la lucha contra la gordofobia en Minas Gerais. Por lo tanto, su implementación efectiva denota el potencial de influir en otros estados brasileños para incorporar esta agenda en sus agendas de gobierno, destacando así la relevancia sustancial de este documento.O presente artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma análise descritiva dos elementos que contemplam o Projeto de Lei no 352/2023, intitulado “PL Minas sem gordofobia”. Este que dispõe sobre medidas de proteção e de inclusão da pessoa gorda, bem como propõe a implementação de ações de conscientização e de combate à gordofobia no estado de Minas Gerais. Para embasar esta investigação foram explorados conceitos e fundamentos teóricos relacionados ao campo de interesse, utilizando os métodos de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A análise criteriosa do conteúdo do Projeto de Lei revelou que este aborda uma temática muito complexa e emergente no contexto da Administração Pública. O “PL Minas sem Gordofobia” representa, portanto, uma importante ferramenta na luta contra a gordofobia em Minas Gerais. Logo, sua efetiva implementação denota potencial para influenciar outros estados brasileiros a incorporarem essa pauta em suas agendas governamentais, destacando assim a relevância substancial desse documento
Competition and Antitrust Policy in the Enlarged European Union: A Level Playing Field?
No full textWith the central and eastern European countries (CEECs) increasingly included into the international division of labour in the European economic space, we are prompted to ask whether this integration operates on a level playing field with respect to competition policy. In fact, our analysis reveals that effectiveness of implementation of competition law and policy and intensity of competition are lower in the CEECs. We find no reason to believe that the new eastern EU members struggle with the recent reforms of competition policy in the EU, nor do we see the necessity for policy action to spur effective implementation. Copyright (c) 2009 The Author(s). Journal compilation (c) 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Does Culture Matter? The Relevance of Culture in Politics and Governance in the Euro-Mediterranean Zone. ZEI Discussion Paper: 2002: C 111
No full text[Table of Contents]: Culture and Governance in the Mediterranean – A Rationale and Overview, by Indra de Soysa and Peter Zervakis; The Relevance of Culture in Democratic Governance – Lessons from the Western Hemisphere, by Lawrence E. Harrison; Culture in Politics and Governance – European Experiences, by Klaus von Beyme; Penser L’Espace Mediterranean, by Mohammed Arkoun; Muslim and Western Civilization – Is Co-Prosperity and Peace Possible?, by Erich Weede; Political Culture and Democracy in Turkey, by Ergun Özbudun; The Crisis of Political Culture in the Arab World – A Conflict of Paradigms, by Paul Salem; Euro-Mediterranean Formations – Cultural Imperatives of System Change, by Dimitris K. Xenakis and Dimitris Chryssochoou; Cross-cultural Currents in the Mediterranean – What Prospects, Stephan Calleya; Politics and Governance in the Mediterranean, by Franck Biancheri; The Mediterranean - New Directions of Research and Policy-Making, by Ludger Kühnha
O outro como objeto ou como sujeito na relação médico-paciente? Uma dissertação sobre forças objetificantes na medicina e suas consequências éticas
No full textO presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir aspectos da medicina ocidental contemporânea, focando na história de sua constituição e nos processos de objetificação que ela produz, assim como abordar a maneira pela qual esses processos atingem o estudante de medicina. Por meio da análise de Michel Foucault da história da medicina e do surgimento da clínica, e da compreensão do Modelo Biomédico a partir de conceitos de Thomas Kuhn, esse trabalho buscou engendrar a objetificação dos corpos e dos sujeitos com consequências éticas. Assim, lançou-se mão da concepção de Martin Buber de Encontros Autênticos, e da Alteridade Radical de Emmanuel Lévinas, para pensar a ética aplicada à saúde. Estes filósofos fazem uma leitura da ética contemporânea diagnosticando a coisificação e objetificação como pontos problemáticos centrais, propondo soluções com importantes implicações para o profissional da saúde. O método utilizado é a investigação filosófico-conceitualThis work aims to discuss aspects of contemporary Western medicine, focusing on the history of its constitution and the processes of objectification it produces, as well as addressing how these processes affect medical students. Through the analysis of Michel Foucault's history of medicine and the emergence of the clinic, and the understanding of the Biomedical Model from Thomas Kuhn's concepts, this work targets to engender the objectification of bodies and subjects with ethical consequences. Martin Buber's conception of Authentic Encounters and Emmanuel Levinas' Radical Alterity were used to think about ethics applied to health. These philosophers diagnose objectification and thingification as central problematic issues in contemporary ethics, proposing solutions with important implications for healthcare professionals. The method used is philosophical-conceptual investigation32 f
How to Finance Eastern Enlargement of the EU: The Need to Reform EU Policies and the Consequences for the Net Contributor Balance. ENEPRI Working Paper No. 14, October 2002
No full textThis paper analyses the consequences of the planned enlargement on the EU budget for the years 2007 and 2013. It concentrates on the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy and Structural Policy and calculates the possible fiscal consequences of enlarging the EU for various policy scenarios. Enlarging the EU could be financed without overstepping the current upper limit for the EU budget, but it increases the pressure for EU policy reform. The main aim of such reforms is to reduce income support in agricultural policy and to concentrate structural policy on needy member states. These reforms would lead to a distribution of net burdens, which was more strongly orientated according to the relative income of EU members. The burden for net contributors would remain under control, financial support for needy member states in the present EU would continue and new members would receive equal treatment from expenditure-related programmes
Modelo de implantação de informática na educação segundo uma visão sistêmica apoiada na gestão de mudanças
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.O CGI (Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil) (2006), PNAD (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostras de Domicílios) (2005) e Censo Escolar (2005) apontam para uma realidade onde, apesar dos recentes esforços de vários governos, aproximadamente, 54% da população brasileira nunca usou um computador e 67% nunca navegou na Internet. Apenas 19% dos domicílios possuem computador e somente 25% das escolas básicas possuem computadores ligados à Internet. A situação é ainda mais grave quando se identifica que, mesmo nas escolas com conexão e computadores, muitas das salas de informática ficam trancadas e tornam-se alvo de sucateamento e furto de equipamentos, em geral, pela falta de formação dos professores ou pela ausência de uma política educacional que pressuponha as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC ) como instrumento pedagógico. A democratização do acesso aos produtos tecnológicos e a inclusão digital é um desafio para a sociedade atual e requer esforços e mudanças na área educacional. Este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento e experimentação de um modelo sistêmico de informatização educacional de escolas, que enfatize a implantação da informática educacional em uma abordagem de gestão de mudança, através de ações voltadas ao contexto especifico do ambiente de atuação, de maneira a gerir e integrar aspectos sociais, gerenciais e tecnológicos que contribuam, direta e indiretamente, para a mudança desejada. Nesse processo de integração, a estratégia de incorporação tecnológica leva em conta a visão social da organização, evidenciando o entendimento da escola como um sistema sócio-técnico. Nesta visão, é através da integração dos elementos da comunidade escolar que se viabiliza que as TIC consigam adquirir um estatuto de instrumento educacional, sendo internalizadas pelos atores do processo ensino-aprendizagem. Neste modelo, o enfoque sistêmico, pressupõe uma constante validação e atualização (auto-regulação), onde é possível recuperar defasagens oriundas de momentos anteriores do processo através de um constante feedback. O modelo e as nuances permitem balizar decisões no momento de definição, implantação, acompanhamento e repetição do processo. The CGI (Brazil Internet Management Committee) (2006), PNAD (National Research for Sample Home) (2005) e School Census (2005) point to a reality where, although the recent efforts of some governments, 54% of Brazilian people never used a computer and 67% never accessed the Internet. Only 19% of the homes have a computer and only 25% of the basic schools have computer with access to the Internet. The situation is even more serious when is identified that even in the schools with connection and computers, many of the computer rooms are locked and become target of trashing and equipment robery, usually, because the lack of formation of the teachers or the absence of educational politics that understand the technologies of computer science and communication as a pedagogical instrument. The democratization of the access to the technological products and the digital inclusion are a challenge to the current society and require efforts and changes in the educational area. This work aims at the development and experimentation of a systemic model of educational computerization of schools, that emphasizes the implantation of educational computer science in focus of change management, through actions faced to the specific context of the working environment, in way to manage and integrate social aspects, managemental and technological, that contribute direct and indirect ways, to the desired change. In this process of integration, the strategy of technological incorporation care about the social vision of the organization, evidencing the understanding of the school as a system partner-technician. In this vision, it is through the integration of the elements of the school community that makes possible that the technologies of computer science and communication achieve a statute of educational instrument, being internalized for the actors of the process teach-learning. In this model, the systemic approach, estimates a constant validation and update (self-regulation), where is possible to recover from imbalance derived from previous moments of the process through a constant feedback. The model and its variables allow to demarcate decisions in the definition moment, implantation, accompaniment and repetition of the process
Breaking the 'Glass Ceiling' of Risk Prediction in Recidivism: An Application of Connectionist Modelling to Offender Data
No full textThe present thesis explored the capability of connectionist models to break through the ‘glass ceiling’ of accuracy currently in operation in recidivism prediction (e.g., Yang, Wong, & Coid, 2010). Regardless of the inclusion of dynamic items, all risk measures rarely exceed .75 in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (Hanley & McNeil, 1982). This may reflect the emphasis of multiple regression equations on main effects of a few key variables tapping long-term anti-social potential. Connectionist models, not used in criminal justice, represent a promising alternative means of combining predictors given their ability to model interactions automatically. To promote learning from other fields a systematic review of the literature on the application of connectionist models to operational data is presented. Lessons were then taken forward in the development of a connectionist model suitable for the present data which comprised fields from the Offender Assessment System (OASys) (Home Office, 2002) relating to 4,048 offenders subject to probation supervision. Included in the items for modelling was the Offender Group Reconviction Scale (OGRS) (Copas & Marshall, 1998; Taylor, 1999). Combining static and dynamic items using conventional statistical methods showed a maximum cross-validated AUC of .82. Using the connectionist model however a substantial increase in accuracy was observed, AUC=.98, and this largely maintained when variations in time to recidivism were controlled. Variation to model parameters suggested that performance linked to the resources in the middle layer, responsible for modelling rare patterns and interactions between items. Model pruning confirmed that while the connectionist model exploited a wide range of variables in its classification decisions, the linear model was affected mainly by OGRS and a limited number of other variables. Results are discussed in terms of the theoretical and practical benefits of developing the use of connectionist models for better incorporating individuals’ dynamic risk and protective factors in recidivism assessments, and reducing the costs associated with false classifications
Morphological properties of moat-drift systems around the world
No full textTo facilitate a comprehensive study of moat-drift systems, we analysed moats from different locations around the world. We measured the following morphological parameters: width, relief, slope angle, drift angle. As there is no moat without an associated drift, we see them as one system that we refer to as a moat-drift system. The moat trough is the deepest point in the moat and the drift crest the shallowest point of the contourite drift. The moat width is defined as the horizontal distance between the drift crest and the slope. The relief is defined as the vertical distance between moat trough and drift crest. The slope angle and the drift angle are the average gradient in both flanks of the moat: 1) between the moat trough and the slope and 2) between the moat trough and the drift crest. The previously published moats were measured from the seismic or sub-bottom profiler cross sections that were published either in a journal or on the GeoMapApp (www.geomapapp.org). In the cases in where multibeam data are available, we measured the parameters from the bathymetric map
