1,721,061 research outputs found
Hommage à Alexandre Lucas
No full textMorre Jean. Hommage à Alexandre Lucas. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 138 n°4, 1985. p. 378
Fiscal policy coordination and government debt deleveraging in the EMU
Full text linkIn Chapter 1 I explain my motivation for the topic and review some literature on Fiscal Policy Coordination
in Currency Unions, in particular in the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU).
The EMU is a perfect case study for this key issue, which has been covered more and more by the recent
literature. Fiscal Policy Coordination was initially discussed by the seminal article of Mundell (1961),
where one of the successful criteria of an Optimum Currency Area (OCA) was shown to be a risk-sharing
system like fiscal transfers that redistribute money to areas adversely affected by shocks. This motivates
the creation of a Fiscal Union inside a Currency Union like the EMU, and can be seen as an extreme
case of Fiscal Policy Coordination. I also suggest some questions and avenues of research, which guide
my work.
In Chapter 2 we build a Two-Country Open-Economy New-Keynesian DSGE model of a Currency
Union to study the effects of fiscal policy coordination, by evaluating the stabilization properties of different
degrees of fiscal policy coordination, in a setting where the union-wide monetary policy affects fiscal
policies and viceversa, because of price rigidities and distortionary taxation. We calibrate the model to
represent two groups of countries in the European Economic and Monetary Union and run numerical
simulations of the model under a range of alternative shocks and under alternative scenarios for fiscal
policy. We also compare welfare under the different scenarios, bringing to policy conclusions for the
proper macroeconomic management of a Currency Union. We find that: a) coordinating fiscal policy, by
targeting net exports rather than output, produces more stable dynamics, b) consolidating government
budget constraints across countries and moving tax rates jointly provides greater stabilization, c) taxes
on labour income are exponentially more distortionary than taxes on firm sales. Our policy prescriptions
for the Eurozone are then to use fiscal policy to reduce international demand imbalances, either by
stabilizing trade ows across countries or by creating some form of fiscal union or both, while avoiding
the excessive use of labour taxes, in favour of sales taxes.
In Chapter 3 we build a Two-Country Open-Economy New-Keynesian DSGE model of a Currency
Union with a debt-elastic government bond spread in an incomplete market setting, to study the effects
of government debt deleveraging, by evaluating the stabilization properties of different deleveraging rules,
in a setting where the union-wide monetary policy affects fiscal policies and viceversa, because of price
rigidities and distortionary taxation. We calibrate the model to represent two groups of countries in the
European Monetary Union and run numerical simulations under a range of alternative shocks and under
alternative scenarios for government debt deleveraging. We also compare welfare under the different
scenarios, bringing to policy conclusions for the proper government debt management in a Currency
Union. We find that: a) backloading deleveraging or reducing its speed provides more stabilization to
the economy, b) taxes are the instrument for deleveraging which stabilizes the economy the most, c)
coordinating fiscal policy by targeting the net exports gap, instead of the output gap, increases volatility
with incomplete markets, d) the joint movements of the fiscal instruments increases volatility with
incomplete markets, although consolidating budget constraints might otherwise smooth distortions. Our
policy prescriptions for the Eurozone are then to reduce the speed of deleveraging and to use taxes to
achieve it, while reducing domestic demand imbalances and avoiding to form a fiscal union like the one
we describe. Once financial markets are completely integrated though, these results are overturned.In Chapter 1 I explain my motivation for the topic and review some literature on Fiscal Policy Coordination
in Currency Unions, in particular in the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU).
The EMU is a perfect case study for this key issue, which has been covered more and more by the recent
literature. Fiscal Policy Coordination was initially discussed by the seminal article of Mundell (1961),
where one of the successful criteria of an Optimum Currency Area (OCA) was shown to be a risk-sharing
system like fiscal transfers that redistribute money to areas adversely affected by shocks. This motivates
the creation of a Fiscal Union inside a Currency Union like the EMU, and can be seen as an extreme
case of Fiscal Policy Coordination. I also suggest some questions and avenues of research, which guide
my work.
In Chapter 2 we build a Two-Country Open-Economy New-Keynesian DSGE model of a Currency
Union to study the effects of fiscal policy coordination, by evaluating the stabilization properties of different
degrees of fiscal policy coordination, in a setting where the union-wide monetary policy affects fiscal
policies and viceversa, because of price rigidities and distortionary taxation. We calibrate the model to
represent two groups of countries in the European Economic and Monetary Union and run numerical
simulations of the model under a range of alternative shocks and under alternative scenarios for fiscal
policy. We also compare welfare under the different scenarios, bringing to policy conclusions for the
proper macroeconomic management of a Currency Union. We find that: a) coordinating fiscal policy, by
targeting net exports rather than output, produces more stable dynamics, b) consolidating government
budget constraints across countries and moving tax rates jointly provides greater stabilization, c) taxes
on labour income are exponentially more distortionary than taxes on firm sales. Our policy prescriptions
for the Eurozone are then to use fiscal policy to reduce international demand imbalances, either by
stabilizing trade ows across countries or by creating some form of fiscal union or both, while avoiding
the excessive use of labour taxes, in favour of sales taxes.
In Chapter 3 we build a Two-Country Open-Economy New-Keynesian DSGE model of a Currency
Union with a debt-elastic government bond spread in an incomplete market setting, to study the effects
of government debt deleveraging, by evaluating the stabilization properties of different deleveraging rules,
in a setting where the union-wide monetary policy affects fiscal policies and viceversa, because of price
rigidities and distortionary taxation. We calibrate the model to represent two groups of countries in the
European Monetary Union and run numerical simulations under a range of alternative shocks and under
alternative scenarios for government debt deleveraging. We also compare welfare under the different
scenarios, bringing to policy conclusions for the proper government debt management in a Currency
Union. We find that: a) backloading deleveraging or reducing its speed provides more stabilization to
the economy, b) taxes are the instrument for deleveraging which stabilizes the economy the most, c)
coordinating fiscal policy by targeting the net exports gap, instead of the output gap, increases volatility
with incomplete markets, d) the joint movements of the fiscal instruments increases volatility with
incomplete markets, although consolidating budget constraints might otherwise smooth distortions. Our
policy prescriptions for the Eurozone are then to reduce the speed of deleveraging and to use taxes to
achieve it, while reducing domestic demand imbalances and avoiding to form a fiscal union like the one
we describe. Once financial markets are completely integrated though, these results are overturned.LUISS PhD Thesi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Estudo comparativo sobre métodos de soluções para sistemas de equações diferenciais de primeira ordem
Full text linkArtigo AcadêmicoO objetivo do trabalho foi comparar o método de Transformada de Laplace e Autovalores e Autovetores na resolução de sistemas de equações diferencias lineares de primeira ordem homogêneos com coeficientes constantes, determinando vantagens e desvantagens. A proposta foi utilizar o método da Transformada de Laplace e Autovalores e Autovetores para solucionar um sistema de equações diferencias, em seguida, comparar os métodos. O trabalho inicia com uma explanação teórica, conceitos fundamentais sobre os métodos utilizados. A análise foi dada por dois sistemas selecionados, de modo que foi calculada as soluções por meio de ambos os métodos. Após as soluções obtidas, fez-se uma comparação para verificar as vantagens e desvantagens. Observou-se que a resolução de sistemas de equações diferenciais por autovalores e autovetores é mais vantajosa em relação ao método de transformada de Laplace, pois não é necessário valores iniciaisTrabalho não financiado por agência de fomento, ou autofinanciad
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
