Ural Federal University
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Artificial intelligence in the development of environmental-friendly wastewater treatment technologies based on sorbents
No full textВ статье рассмотрено применение искусственного интеллекта в технологических процессах очистки воды. Рассмотрены виды сорбентов, механизм их работы. Приводится схема применения искусственного интеллекта для усовершенствования очистки воды от ионов железа.The article discusses the use of artificial intelligence in water purification processes. The types of sorbents and their operating mechanism are considered. A scheme of the artificial intelligence use to improve water purification from iron ions is given
Ranking of countries in the world by prosperity level
No full textИндекс процветания Legatum - это комплексная система оценки, разработанная в 2006 г. для измерения уровня благосостояния в 167 странах. Он основан на 104 переменных, разделенных на 12 категорий, включая безопасность, экономическое качество, образование и здоровье. Методология включает сбор данных, их нормализацию и присвоение весов для каждого показателя. Индекс служит инструментом для специалистов в международном менеджменте, помогая в выборе рынков и оценке рисков. Однако его применение может быть ограничено недостатками, связанными с качеством данных и культурными контекстами.The Legatum Prosperity Index is a comprehensive assessment system developed since 2006 to measure the level of well-being in 167 countries. It is based on 104 variables divided into 12 categories, including safety, economic quality, education, and health. The methodology includes data collection, normalization, and assignment of weights for each indicator, which allows for an objective ranking of countries. The index serves as a useful tool for specialists in international management, helping in market selection and risk assessment. However, its application may be limited by disadvantages related to data quality and cultural contexts
Ranking of countries in the world by prosperity level
No full textВ статье рассматриваются эко-технологии, которые играют ключевую роль в решении глобальных экологических проблем, таких как изменение климата и загрязнение окружающей среды. Особое внимание уделяется инновационным методам переработки отходов, биоразлагаемым материалам, а также альтернативным источникам энергии, таким как солнечные и ветряные установки. Также анализируется концепция Zero Waste, направленная на сокращение отходов через отказ от одноразовых товаров, повторное использование материалов и переработку. В статье рассматриваются как преимущества применения Zero Waste в повседневной жизни, так и для бизнеса, включая снижение затрат и улучшение репутации компаний. Внедрение этих принципов способствует созданию устойчивой экономики и улучшению качества жизни, что делает эти подходы важным шагом к экологически чистому будущему.The article discusses eco-technologies that play a key role in solving global environmental problems such as climate change and environmental pollution. Special attention is paid to innovative waste recycling methods, biodegradable materials, as well as alternative energy sources such as solar and wind installations. The concept of Zero Waste, aimed at reducing waste through the abandonment of disposable goods, reuse of materials and recycling, is also analyzed. The article discusses both the benefits of using Zero Waste in everyday life and for business, including reducing costs and improving the reputation of companies. The implementation of these principles contributes to creating a sustainable economy and improving the quality of life, which makes these approaches an important step towards an environmentally friendly future
Ranking of countries by gender inequality index
No full textГендерное неравенство - это расхождение в правах, возможностях и ресурсах между разными полами, что имеет значительное влияние на социальное и экономическое развитие стран. В статье представлен анализ глобального рейтинга гендерного неравенства, разработанного Программой развития ООН. Рассмотрены методология расчета индекса, позиции стран-лидеров и аутсайдеров с анализом причин такой расстановки, а также место стран-членов ЕАЭС. Исследованы преимущества и недостатки данного рейтинга. Подчеркивается практическая польза рейтинга для международного менеджмента.Gender inequality is a discrepancy in rights, opportunities and resources between different genders, which has a significant impact on the social and economic development of countries. The article presents an analysis of the global gender inequality ranking developed by the United Nations Development Programme. The methodology for calculating the index, the positions of leading countries and outsiders with an analysis of the reasons for this arrangement, as well as the place of the EAEU member countries, are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of this ranking are investigated. The practical benefits of the ranking for international management are emphasized
Ranking of the world’s countries by employment rate
No full textДанная статья посвящена анализу рейтинга стран мира по уровню занятости. Рейтинг основан на показателе соотношения занятых к общей численности трудоспособного населения. Международная организация труда ежегодно рассчитывает этот показатель, который отражает долю работающих в трудоспособном возрасте и является ключевым индикатором экономической активности и доступности рабочих мест. . Рейтинг демонстрирует значительные различия между развитыми и развивающимися странами, а также подчеркивает влияние глобальных вызовов на рынок труда.This article is devoted to the analysis of the ranking of the world countries by the employment rate. The ranking is based on the ratio of the employed to the total working-age population. This indicator reflects the share of working age population and is a key indicator of economic activity and availability of jobs. The International Labor Organization calculates this indicator annually. The rating demonstrates significant differences between developed and developing countries, and also emphasizes the impact of global challenges on the labor market
The importance of ethical and legal standards in the use of artificial intelligence to protect business from cyber threats
No full textВ статье рассмотрено применение искусственного интеллекта для защиты бизнеса от киберугроз и место этических норм в этом процессе. Определение кибербезопасности и механизмов ее реализации на данный момент является важным, так как повсеместно применяются цифровые технологии. Приводится классификация основных схем обмана в цифровом пространстве, также очерчен круг возможностей и проблем применения искусственного интеллекта.The article discusses the use of artificial intelligence to protect businesses from cyber threats and the place of ethical standards in this process. The definition of cybersecurity and the mechanisms for its implementation is currently important, since digital technologies are used everywhere. A classification of the main fraud schemes in the digital space is given, and the range of opportunities and problems of using artificial intelligence is also outlined
Исследование методов выявления преднамеренно созданных аномалий в электоральных данных : автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата технических наук : 2.3.6
No full textThe Relationship Between Voluntary Associations and Civic Engagement in Russia: Testing the Neo-Tocquevillian Perspective
No full textReceived 1 June 2024. Accepted 7 November 2025. Published online 29 December 2025.This study examines the relationship between citizens’ participation in non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and their civic engagement in the Russian context. The research addresses why some individuals actively participate in political life while others remain disengaged, drawing on the neo-Tocquevillian tradition that views NGOs as “schools of democracy.” Based on this theoretical framework, several hypotheses are formulated regarding the impact of NGOs and government-organized NGOs (GONGOs) on different forms of civic activity, including electoral participation, protest behavior, and voluntary donations. The empirical basis of the analysis is provided by the seventh wave of the World Values Survey involving a representative sample of 1,810 respondents from the Russian Federation who were interviewed in 2017. Methodologically, the study employs regression analysis, incorporating dependent variables (indicators of civic engagement), independent variables (participation in NGOs), and control variables (sociodemographic and value characteristics). The findings demonstrate that participation in GONGOs is positively associated with electoral activity and the volume of donations but shows no significant effect on protest behavior. When operationalized in binary form, trade union membership is linked to reduced electoral participation and decreased donations to independent organizations. Women’s associations exhibit no statistically significant influence on civic engagement. The study concludes that the type and the institutional character of NGOs determine their impact on civic participation, redistributing citizens’ resources toward institutionalized and state-sanctioned forms of activity
Agency of School Students and Their Participation in Supreme Student Government
No full textReceived 22 April 2025. Accepted 20 October 2025. Published online 29 December 2025.A key challenge for contemporary education systems is to foster young people’s sense of agency, or their ability to implement constructive and socially positive changes. Participation in the Supreme Student Government (SSG) is one of the core practices that facilitates this agency among students. However, there is limited quantitative research on this practice, and its connections to other expressions of agency have not been thoroughly explored. This study examines the level of general agency among school students involved in SSG activities, as manifested in such areas as family, educational process, school life, peer interaction, and finances. Based on a survey of 592 students (grades 7–11, aged 13–18) across 18 regions in the Russian Federation conducted between May and October 2023, we found that students primarily join the SSG for individualistic reasons, including the desire to develop new skills and enhance social mobility and career prospects. There is a significant correlation between the level of general agency among students and their involvement in SSG initiatives, with those demonstrating higher agency often achieving significant structural outcomes in their activities. However, the proportion of respondents exhibiting such characteristics is small. The results emphasize the important role of the SSG in encouraging young people to actively participate in social change, while also revealing the limitations of its implementation within the education system.The study was conducted within the framework of the HSE University Basic Research Program. The authors would like to thank the heads and teaching staff of educational institutions for their assistance in conducting the empirical part of the study: M. V. Bychkova, M. E. Efremova, K. S. Kvitash, E. V. Kozlova, T. S. Kotlyachkova, A. V. Kuzmenko, N. V. Luneva, A. E. Meling, E. V. Naumova, B. A. Ostroumov, T. A. Pahareva, D. D. Pulina, E. N. Samochernova, R. G. Sedova, N. G. Surova, A. A. Teterina, V. S. Fomicheva, N. V. Sheremetyeva
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