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Analisis Faktor Risiko Obesitas dan Hipertensi dengan Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Kendari
Get PDFABSTRACTBackground:Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus is one type of diabetes that is the highest rates of incidence. Type-2 DM is a metabolic disorder with a characteristics of chronic hyperglycemia that occurs due to insulin resistance or lack of insulin secretion. Based on basic medical research showed that prevalence of type-2 DM in Indonesia keep on Increasing. Increasing cases of diabetes are theoretically cannot be separated from the risk factors that affect it. Purposes:This research aims to determine whether obesity and hypertension is a risk factor in the occurrence of type-2 DM. Methods:This research is observational analytic research with case-control matching design. The population were all patients who visited the RSUD Kota Kendari in September-December 2016. The sampling method is purposive sampling with the cases are those patient who was diagnosed with type-2 DM and the control are not. The samples are 136 people with the comparison cases and controls is 1:1 so that the number of cases-samples are 68 people and controls-samples are 68 people who had been matched such as age and gender. The instrument of this research are the weight-scales and microtoice to assess the nutritional status with calculation of BMI and also stethoscope and sphygmomanometer to measure the blood pressure. Data were analyzed by determining the odds ratio. Data was considered significant if UL and LL does not include the value of 1. Result:The results of this research showed that obesity and hypertension are a risk factor for the occurrence of type-2 DM with the results of statistical tests of obesity obtained OR : 7,164., CI 95% : 3,365-15,250 and hypertension obtained OR : 4,166., CI 95% : 2,026-8,567. Conclusion: The conclusions of this research is that obesity and hypertension are a risk factor in the incidence of type-2 DM in RSUD Kota Kendari in 2016.Keywords: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Hypertensio
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Hayati Laut Untuk Kesehatan Masyarakat Pesisir Kecamatan Soropia
Get PDFThe level of biodiversity in Indonesia as a tropical country is very high, the potential of marine biological resource makes the sea of Indonesia called as Marine Mega-Biodiversity region in the world. Therefore it was expected especially in coastal communities can take and utilizing of marine biological resource optimally, especially for conventional and traditional for health. However basical knowledge and attitude of coastal communities about coastal and marine resources primarily for its management is still lack. The lack of the basical knowledge can affect the inability of society to engage in the use of coastal and marine resources, especially the utilization of marine biological resources in health. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitude to the utilization of marine biological resource for health on coastal communities area of Soropia wich one of coastal areas in Southeast Sulawesi with high potential of marine biological resorces. The research method used observational design with cross sectional approach. The subjects of the research were coastal communities in Soropia located in three villages, namely Tapulaga, Leppe and Bajoe. This research was conducted for January 2016, with 292 respondents of population. The sample were selected by using stratified random sampling technique that obtained 167 respondents. Bivariate analysis was performed by Chi square and Fisher test.The result of bivariate analysis showed that there was significant relationship between knowledge (p=0,000) and the utilization of marine biological resource for health and there was significant relationship between attitude (p=0,014) and the utilization of marine biological resource for health. This research concluded that there were significant relationship between knowledge and attitude to the utilization of marine biological resource for health in the coastal community area of Soropia. The present research suggested that there would be further research that investigated the efficacy of Enhalus acoroides root as the alternative treatment to resolve Diabetes disease, Semele cordiformis as the alternative medication to cure Hepatitis disease and Siganus sp. bile as the alternative analgesic medication to wounds caused by fish bone.Keywords: marine biological resource,health, knowledge, attitude, coastal communit
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT PADA ANAK BALITA
Get PDFAcute Respiratory Infections (ARI) is one of health problems that exist in developing and developed countries, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in toddlers. The existence of ARI is influenced by environmental conditions, the availability and effectiveness of health care and preventive measures to prevent the spread of infection, host factor (such as age, smoking habits, ability infectious host, immunity status, nutritional status, prior infection or simultaneous infections caused by others pathogen, general health conditions) and the characteristics of pathogen. The aim of this research is to identify and analyze the risk factor of ARI in toddlers at working area of Public Health Center Jati Raya In Kendari Municipality 2012. This research is an analytic observational with case control design. The sample in the research were 68 case respondents and 68 control respondents taken by using purposive sampling, the respondent is the toddler’s mother. Data is collected from August to October 2012 at working area of Public Health Center Jati Raya In Kendari Municipality by conducting interview through questionnaire. Data is analyzed by using odds ratio statistic test and presented in form of univariate and bivariate table. The result of this research show that the density of dwelling house (OR=3,596) and smoke exposure (OR=7,8) are the risk factor for the existence of ARI in toddlers, while exclusive breastfeeding is a protective factor for the existence of ARI in toddlers.From these result it could be concluded that the density of dwelling house and smoke exposure are the risk factor exclusive breastfeeding is a protective factor for the existence of ARI in toddlers at working area of Public Health Center Jati Raya In Kendari Municipality 2012.Key Words: ARI, density of dwelling house, smoke exposure, exclusive breastfeedin
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor kejadian umur kehamilan, gravida, dan hiperplasentosis sebagai faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia, di Rumah Sakit Umum Bahteramas Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2010-2012. Jenis penelitian adalah studi deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan case control. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Bahteramas Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara tahun 2010-2012. Penelitian ini dilakukan pengumpulan data sekunder yaitu rekam medis. Sampel kasus pada penelitian ini adalah ibu yang didiagnosa oleh dokter mengidap preeklampsia dan kontrol yaitu ibu hamil normal di Rumah Sakit Umum Bahteramas Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2010-2012. Sampel berjumlah 158 orang yang terdiri dari 79 kasus dan 79 kontrol yang diambil secara simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa umur kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia dengan OR = 2,975 (1,557-5,683; 95%), gravida merupakan faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia dengan OR = 2,881 (1,499-5,538; 95%) dan hiperplasentosis merupakan faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia dengan OR =2,529 (1,333-4,799; 95%). Umur kehamilan, gravida dan hiperplasentosis merupakan faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia di Rumah Sakit Umum Bahteramas Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2010-2012. Kata kunci : preeklampsia, gravida, umur kehamilan, hiperplasentosi
Hubungan Antara Status Gizi dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar pada siswa Sekolah Dasar. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Cross sectional dengan cara observasional analitik. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 37 siswa SDN Serayu, 38 siswa SD Netral C, dan 18 siswa SD Taman Siswa di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengambil data primer berupa ukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan yang digunakan untuk menetapkan status gizi, sedangkan data sekunder berupa prestasi belajar yang ditentukan berdasarkan nilai raport. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar digunakan uji statistik Chi-square. Berdasarkan pengukuran status gizi dari sampel SDN Serayu diperoleh hasil 33 anak (89,19%) berstatus gizi baik, , 3 anak (8,11%) berstatus gizi kurang dan 1 anak (2,7%) berstatus gizi buruk. Hasil pengukuran indeks prestasi diperoleh 16 anak (43,24%) dengan indeks prestasi baik, 16 anak (43,24%) indeks prestasi sedang dan 5 anak (13,52%) indeks prestasi kurang. Pengukuran status gizi dari sampel SD Netral C diperoleh hasil 29 anak (76,32%) berstatus gizi baik, 9 anak (23,68%) berstatus gizi kurang dan tidak ada anak dengan status gizi buruk. Hasil pengukuran indeks prestasi diperoleh 27 anak (71,05%) dengan indeks prestasi baik, 11 anak (28,95%) indeks prestasi sedang dan tidak ada anak dengan indeks prestasi kurang. Pengukuran status gizi dari sampel SD Taman Siswa diperoleh hasil 12 anak (66,67%) berstatus gizi baik, 6 anak (33,33%) berstatus gizi kurang dan tidak ada anak dengan status gizi buruk. Hasil pengukuran indeks prestasi sampel diperoleh 9 anak (50%) dengan indeks prestasi baik, 9 anak (50%) indeks prestasi sedang dan tidak ada anak dengan indeks prestasi kurang. Dari hasil analisis chi square disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar siswa (p<0,05). Kata kunci : siswa, status gizi, prestasi belaja
PREPARASI FENILBUTAZON DALAM PEMBAWA VESIKULAR ETOSOM DENGAN BERBAGAI VARIASI KONSENTRASI FOSFATIDILKOLIN DAN ETANOL
Get PDFPhenylbutazone is non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in treatment of joint inflammation such as rheumathoid arthritis. In order to minimize irritation effect on gastrointestinal tract, the dose of phenylbutazone is reduced or administered through transdermal pathways. Flux penetration of drugs across the membrane can be improved by using vesicular type of delivery system such as ethosome. This study aim to prepare phenylbutazone in ethosome vesicular system. Ethosome vesicular systems were prepared with various concentrations of phosphatidylcholine (2% and 3%) and ethanol (30%, 35%, and 40%). Vesicles that are formed further characterized by shape, size and entrapment efficiency. The shaped of ethosome produced is large unilamellar vesicle. The size of vesicle varies between 0.57 to 0.81 µm with the smallest size on Formula C. The highest entrapment efficiencies was also on the Formula C by 59.88% with 2% concentration of phosphatidylcholine and 40% of ethanol. Keywords: phenylbutazone, vesicle, ethosomes
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN LOW BACK PAIN PADA PEKERJA FURNITURE
Get PDFLow back pain is a sensation of pain in the lumbosacral and sacroiliaka region. The main causes of low back pain is mechanical factors include strain and sprain that occurs in severe and repeated physical activity. The aim of this study was investigated the relationship between stance and position of work, age, smoking habits and overweight with the low back pain incidence among furniture workers in Kambu District Kendari City. This study used cross-sectional study design. There were 100 samples in this study, chosen using cluster sampling. Data collection was derived from direct observation workplace and analyzed using Chi-Square statistical test. The study result show that 43 respondents (43%) were LBP and 57 respondents (57%) were not LBP. The low back pain incidence was found mostly in the stance and position of work (> 45o) (74,4%), age group 36-45 year (37,21%), mild smokers (60,5%) and overweight (51,2%). The bivariate analysis results show that age variable related with low back pain incidences (p=0,004), overweight variable related with low back pain incidences (p=0,011), stance and position of work variable related with low back pain incidences (p=0,00) dan smoking habits variable didn’t related with low back pain incidences (p=0,307). The conclusion of this study that there were a relationship between stance and position of worker, age and overweight with the low back pain incidences, whereas smoking habits were not relating to the low back pain incidences.Keywords : low back pain, stance and position of work, age, smoking, overweigh
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN TAPAK KUDA (Ipomoea pes caprae (L) R. Br. ) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus
Get PDFIpomoea pes caprae (L) R. Br are commonly used by the Indonesian’s people to treat wounds, ulcers and as antioxidant. Based on previous research it was contains terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids. The aim of this study is to determine inhibition capacity of I. pes caprae (L) R. Br leaf extract toward Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients infected wounds at a concentration of 100 % , 50 % , 25 % , 12.5 % , 6.25 % , 3.125 % and 1.56 %. This research was conducted with post-test design with a control only. Erythromycin is used as a control. One gram of extract dissolved in 10 ml of chloroform. Inhibition zone is measured by paper disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. Bivariat analysis showed that there is statistically significant differences of diameters of inhibition zone from each concentration (p=0,00) including control (p=0,00). Conclusion of this study are I. pes caprae (L) R. Br leaf chloroform extract have capacity to inhibit S. aureus growth and the inhibition respond increase with concentration. Keywords : Ipomoea pes caprae (L) R. Br, Inhibition test, Erythromycin, Staphylococcus aureu
UJI AKTIVITAS TABIR SURYA FORMULA SEDIAAN LOSIO EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN MANGKOKAN (Nothophanax scutellarium Merr.)
Get PDFLeaves of mangkokan (Nothophanax scutellarium Merr.) contain a potent antioxidant and sunscreen compounds. This plant potential to be developed into cosmetic products. One of cosmetic product that can be developed using natural product is lotion. This research aims to formulate lotion from methanol extracts of leaves mangkokan and determining the sunscreen activity of lotion with various concentration of the extract 1%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5%; and 10% using laboratory experimental design. Preparation of mangkokan leaf extracts using methanol solvent by maceration method. Further tests conducted to determine the activity of sunscreen. Methanol extract of the leaves mangkokan then formulated to be lotion. Sunscreen activity of lotion was tested by determaining SPF values. Lotion methanol extract of leaves mangkokan resulting the highest SPF value contained in the methanol extract of the leaves mangkokan concentration of 10%. Keywords: mangkokan leaves, lotion, extract, lotion, sunscree
ANALISA FAKTOR RISIKO LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU
Get PDFWHO Report 2009 menyatakan bahwa Indonesia menempati peringkat kelima dari 22 negara di dunia dengan jumlah penderita TB terbanyak. Diperkirakan jumlah pasien TB di Indonesia sebanyak 0.34 sampai 0.52 juta kasus atau sekitar 5.7% dari jumlah penderita TB di dunia. Laporan P2TB Kota Kendari tahun 2011 tercatat penderita TB Paru BTA (+) sebanyak 448 kasus. Lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kejadian TB paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar risiko kondisi lingkungan terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Poasia tahun 2011-2012. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kasus kontrol dengan variabel independen yang diteliti adalah kepadatan hunian rumah, ventilasi, jenis dinding, jenis lantai rumah dan kontak serumah dengan keluarga yang menderita TB paru. Besar sampel untuk penelitian ini menggunakan total pada tahun 2011-September 2012, yaitu 68 sampel untuk kasus dan 68 sampel untuk kontrol. Analisis data untuk mengetahui besarnya risiko variabel independen dapat dilihat dari nilai Odds Ratio. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 5 variabel diperkirakan sebagai faktor risiko TB Paru, yaitu : Kepadatan hunian rumah (OR:7.756, CI 95%:3.546-16.967), ventilasi (OR:6.651, CI 95%:3.145-14.068), jenis lantai (OR:6.217, CI 95%:2.952-13.095), jenis dinding (OR:1.548, CI 95%:1.277-5.753), dan kontak serumah dengan keluarga yang TB (OR:18.962, CI 95%:2.426-148.192). Disarankan perlunya penyuluhan tentang syarat rumah sehat, perilaku hidup sehat, dan peningkatan kerja sama lintas sektoral yang lebih komprehensif dan adekuat.Kata kunci : tuberkulosis paru, faktor risiko lingkunga