MEDULA
Not a member yet
144 research outputs found
Sort by
Pengaruh Ekstrak Labu Siam (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) Terhadap Waktu Koagulasi Pada Mus musculus
Get PDFChayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) is a type of vegetable that contains most of the calcium, the calcium in the blood which stimulates the release of thromboplastin phospholipid that will catalyze changes that have not been activated prothrombin into thrombin active. The purpose of this study was to prove the existance fromthe effect of squash extracts against coagulation time in mice. This study is experimental, which is divided into 5 treatment consisted of 3 repetitions. Extracts of squash as the test material is made a concentration of 100 mg / kg, 200 mg / kg, and 300 mg / kg. Observations made by looking fibrin threads formed on the fracture capillary tube ± for 2-6 minutes after exiting the first blood. The study was conducted in the laboratory of Pharmacology Bina Husada Kendari. Statistical analysis of the results obtained from the ANOVA showed that extracts of squash has an effective effect with 15.33 seconds at a concentration of 300 mg / kg. Results of ANOVA and LSD test showed extracts of squash has an effect on coagulation time significantly.Keywords: coagulation time, extract of squash, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swart
Analisis Penggunaan Insektisida Malation dan Temefos Terhadap Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue Aedes aegypti di Kota Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara
Get PDFMalathion and temephos insecticides have long been used at Kendari Municipality in the program of Ae.aegypti mosquito as vector of DHF; however, DHF cases are still relatively high. At Kendari Municipality there is no report on susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti larva and mosquito against malathion and temephos insecticides. This study aimed to identify association between frequency and duration of malation and temephos usage with the susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti larva and mosquito at Kendari Municipality and to identify resistance mechanism of Ae. aegypti larva and mosquito. This study was an observational analytic and subjects of the study were Ae. aegypti larva and mosquito collected from five county in Kendari. Susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti larva and mosquito against malathion and temephos was qualitatively assessed through biochemical test and quantitatively assessed through bioassay test. The statistical analysis perform by using Pearson and One Way Anova. as result, biochemical test of Ae. aegypti larva at counties of Kadia, Rahandouna, Kasilampe and Labibia had tolerant status with average score 2.49; 2.15; 2.05; 2.50 and at Abeli had susceptible status with average score 1.77. Biochemical test of test larva from Kadia, Rahandouna, Kasilampe, Labibia and Abeli showed susceptibility status 0%, 3.33%, 23.33%, 0% and 16.67% subsequently. The result of bioassay test of Ae. aegypti larva against temephos at Kasilampe was resistant (73.3%), at Rahandouna was tolerant (89.3%) and Kadia, Labibia and Abeli were susceptible (100%). The result of bioassay test of susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti mosquito against malathion was 100% for all counties. In conclusion, frequency and duration of use of malathion and temephos through biochemical test not affected significantly against downgrading susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti larva; whereas through bioassay test there was significant effect. Increase of non specific esterase enzyme in Ae. aegypti larva using biochemical test was not because temephos and malathion usage but because there were other unknown factors.Keywords: Aedes aegypti, temephos, malathion, bioassay test, biochemical test, insecticides
Perbandingan Metode Proporsi dengan Metode Resazurin Microtiter Assay (Rema) untuk Deteksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang Resisten Terhadap Rifampisin
Get PDFTuberculosis (TB) is one of the high infectious diseases in Indonesia caused by Mycobacteriumtuberculosis. Drugs which used for tuberculosis therapy has been widely reported experiencing resistance, while inappropriately treatment will lead to not effective and efficient care. Culture in Lowenstein Jensen medium is a gold standard to perform the drug susceptibility but it takes a long time to get results, therefore, new methods were developed to replace it, one of them is colorimetric method. This research aimed to compare Rifampicin susceptibility test in colorimetric method use REMA and culture method use Lowenstein Jensen medium. This study was a cross sectional with experimental laboratory design used 42 sputums from patients with tuberculosis, done at October 2010 until March 2011. In this research, 5 samples rifampicin resistant have been detected. As a results, we founded Rifampicin susceptibility test of REMA have 80 % sensitivity, 100 % specificity, 100 % PPV, and 97 % NPV when compared with culture method.Keywords:Proportion, Resazurin, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Resistanc
Bioaktifitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra) terhadap Pertumbuhan Klebsiella pneumoniae Secara In Vitro
Get PDFHolothuria scabra is one of the biota that commonly found in Southeast Sulawesi waters and traditionally use as a source food and medicine by local tribe. They also harvesting this species for exported to several countrywith high demand. Even this species have commmercially beneficience, but there is lack of publication about the bioactivity, especially H. Scabra derived from southeast Sulawesi. This study aims to determine secunder metabolite that contain in the extractand to examine antibacterial bioactivity of H. scabra ethanol extract againstKlebsiellapneumoniae by defining the Minimum Inhibitory Consentration. The method using an experimental with post test onlycontrol group design. The extraction is using maseration method and the extract then diluted and divided intoten concentration 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125%, 1,56%, 0,78%, 0,39%, and 0,19%. The secunder metabolite was determined by using TLC and the MIC was determined by using dilution method. All consentration.As the result, TLC test showing positif result for alcaloid and triterpenoid and the nutrient broth starting to show no turbidity in concetration 0,78%. The conclusion of this study is ethanol extract of H. Scabra contain alkaloid and triterpenoid as secunder metabolite and the MIC was in 0,78% concentration.Keywords: Holothuria scabra, Klebsiella pneumoniae, MIC, alkaloid, terpenoi
Validitas, Reliabilatas dan Dampak Pembelajaran terhadap Tes Objective Structured Clinical Examintaion (OSCE)
Get PDFObjective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) was developed for the first time by Harden at1975 which was used for evaluating clinical skill ability of OSCE Implementation that could give learning positive and negative impact. Objective: To explain validity, reliability of OSCE and investigate OSCE Test Implementation (Objective Structured Clinical Examintaion) impact to learning, especially in study behavior aspect. Discussion: Van Der Vleuten explains that OSCE is a good and useful method in clinical skill evaluation which is based on 5 criterias namely OSCE test have reliability, validity, educational impact, cost efficiency, acceptability. Reliability can be seen in examiner consistency, case variation, and implementation in prosperous time. OSCE have high content, face, concurernt, and construct validity. OSCE can give positive and negative learning impact.Keywords: OSCE, educational impact, performance assessments,validit
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kadar Kolesterol Total pada Staf dan Guru SMA Negeri 1 Kendari
Get PDFABSTRACT Background:The nutritional status of adults can be monitored by using the body mass index of nutritional status especially that associated with excess weight and less weight. Overweight can also affect cholesterol levels in the body which is one of the most important factors for determining a person's risk of developing cardiovasculardisease. Research Purposes: The purpose of this research is to know the relationship between body mass index with total cholesterol levels of staff and teachers at SMAN 1 Kendari.Research Methods:This research was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study population was the entire staff and teachers of SMAN 1 Kendari as many as 103 people. The method used in sampling was total sampling. The number of samples were 51 people. This research was conducted with the approval of spread sheets and questionnaires, measuring height and weight, then measures the total cholesterol level. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test. It was considered significant at p value ≤0,05. Research result:The results obtained of this research were the staff and teachers who had a unnormal body mass index as much as 42 respondents (82.3%) and who had normal body mass index by 9 respondents (17.6%). Total cholesterol levels in the staff and teachers gained as much as 20 respondents had normal cholesterol levels (39.2%), as many as 20 respondents had a slightly high cholesterol (39.2%), and as many as 11 respondents had highest cholesterol was (21.6% ). Based on statistical test found that there was a significant relationship between body mass index with total cholesterol (p = 0.001).Conclusion: The Conclusions from this research was there were relationship between body mass index with total cholesterol levels of staff and teachers at SMAN 1 Kendari.Keywords: Body mass index, total cholesterol levels, staff and teachers SMAN 1 Kendari
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Mikroalga Air Tawar
Get PDFCell or tissue damage due to oxidative stress can be slowed by giving antioxidants. Antioxidants are vital substances that may help protect the body against free radicals by neutralizing or mitigate negative impacts. The human body is naturally equipped antioxidant defenses. but these antioxidants can not completely prevent cell damage. Body still requires antioxidants from the outside. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant potential of microalgae species in freshwater.This research is a descriptive study of the identification of species of freshwater microalgae samples taken with a microscope and testing of extracts from freshwater microalgae species of antioxidant activity using DPPH method. Microalgae extract as much 2,25ml then homogenized with DPPH as 0,75ml in containers with a volume of 3ml. The containers are then incubated for 30 minutes in a dark room. Furthermore, the container is inserted into the spectrophotometer to read absorbance at 519nm wavelength. Results absorbance at the input curves to obtain IC50 values.The results that have identified three species of freshwater microalgae namely Navicula sp., Oscillatoria sp., And Carteria sp. From all three species showed strong inhibition against DPPH with IC50 values sequentially 41.304 ppm, 23.401 ppm and 51.433 ppm. The conclusions of this study are species of freshwater microalgae are obtained, namely Navicula sp., Oscilatoria sp., And Carteria sp. has potential antioxidant activityKeywords: Microalgae, antioxidant, DPP
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Putih (Allium sativum) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Salmonella typhii dan Shigella dysenteriae
Get PDFABSTRACT Diseases of gastrointestinal infections, especially those caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhii and Shigella dysenteriae still a health problem in Indonesia. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a traditional medicine which has antibacterial properties. Garlic contains Allisin, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of the bulbs of garlic (Allium sativum) on the growth of the bacteria Salmonella typhii and Shigella dysenteriae. This study is experimental with post test only control group design. Test of inhibition is determined based on the diameter of clear zone formed. Testing was performed against a pure extract of garlic, the positive control, negative control and solvent control for comparison. Each treatment is performed three times. The results showed that the ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) does not produce a clear zone well against Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) has no antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhii and Shigella dysenteriae. It is recommended to use another method to extract further research as the development or continuation of this research Keywords: Antibacterial activity, garlic(Allium sativum), Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae
Uji Daya Hambat Fraksi Rumput Laut Merah Kappaphycus sp. terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
Get PDFBackground:Staphylococcus aureus is gram positive bacteria can cause skin infections, pericarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, endocarditis and toxic shock syndrome. S. aureus common infection cause and found massively to be resistant to some antibiotics. Kappaphycus sp. is one type of red seaweed that has an bioactive compounds as antibacterial activity. Research Purposes:The purpose of this research determine the fraction of red seaweed Kappaphycus sp. to inhibition the growth of bacteria staphylococcus aureusResearch Methods:this research used experimental of design post test control only. Samples were obtained from the sub Tononggeu, Abeli. Inhibition test using disc diffusion method of various types of concentrations of fractions. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is determined by the lowest concentration that could inhibit the growth of bacteria. Positive control cefadroxil and negative control DMSO 10%. Research result:The result of this research shown that the fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate red seaweed Kappaphycus sp. has activity against bacterial growth Staphylococcus aureus seen with the clear zone. Diameter of clear zone obtained in n-hexane fraction is 27,3 mm (4000 ppm), 23,3 mm (2000 ppm), 22,3 mm (1000 ppm), 4,3 mm (500 ppm), 2 mm (250 ppm) and is 0 mm (125 ppm), while the fraction of ethyl acetate 24,6 mm (4000 ppm), 22 mm (2000 ppm), 19,6 mm (1000 ppm), 4,3 mm (500 ppm), 1,3 mm (250 ppm) and 0 mm (125 ppm). MIC of n-hexane fraction was 250 ppm with a diameter of 2 mm, and the ethyl acetate fraction was 250 ppm with a diameter of 1,3 mm. Conclusion:The conclusion of this research is the fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction red seaweed Kappaphycus sp. has particulary inhibitory effect on bacterial growth staphylococcus aureusKeywords: Inhibition, Kappaphycus sp., antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus
Hubungan Depresi dengan Kemampuan Dalam Aktivitas Dasar Sehari-Hari Pada Lanjut Usia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Minaula Kendari
Get PDFAccording to PPDGJ-III depression is a mental disorder that has three major symptoms of depressive affect, loss of interest and easily tired state, and has seven other symptoms such as reduced concentration, reduced confidence, feelng of guilty, pessimistic, suicidal ideas, sleep disturbance and loss of appetite. These problem could be acute or chronic and lead impaired ability of individuals in everyday activities. Activity Daily Living is work activities of daily routine. Activity Daily Living is a staple for self-care activities. These study aims to determine the relationship between depression and activity daily living the elderly in Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha “Minaula” Kendari. These study was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. The population from elderly in Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha "Minaula" Kendari. Sample in these study consist of 95 respondent. Elderly male cosist of 35 respondents and female 36 respondents. The sampling method is total sampling. The study instrument used questionnaires Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to assess depression in the elderly. Assessment Activity Daily Living (ADL) using the Barthel Index questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Spearman test. Data was cosidered significant at p value ≤ 0,05. The Results of these study that 71 respondents was mild depression (43.7%), no depression (33.8%) and moderate depression (22.5%). The Respondent who can perform the Activity Daily Living consist of independently (42.3%), mild dependence (38.0%), moderate dependence (9.9%), heavy dependence (7.0%) and total dependence (2.8%). There were a significant relationship between depression on Activity Daily Living (p = 0.000) with negative correlation direction or opposite direction (r = -0.500). The conclusions of these study indicate that there were relationship of depression of activity daily living the elderly in Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha “Minaula” Kendari.Keywords: Activity Daily Living, Depression, Elderl