Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis
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STRATEGI BERSAING PADA RANTAI NILAI AYAM RAS PEDAGING PT CIOMAS ADISATWA REGION JAWA BARAT UNIT BOGOR
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of this research were to 1) map the broiler value chain at PT Ciomas Adisatwa Region Jawa Barat Unit Bogor (PTCA); 2) analyze the gross margin of the broiler value chain at PTCA; 3) identify the internal and external factors that affecting PTCA, and 4) formulate strategies to increase the competitiveness of PTCA. This research was conducted using the chain value analysis, the gross margin analysis, SWOT and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis. From value chain mapping, PTCA as a part of Japfa group get feed, DOC, and vaccine from Japfacomfeed, Multibreeder Adirama, and Vaksindo, and then distribute them to the plasma farms. The Commercial Farm output will be distributed by RPA and collectors as living birds. Collectors will then send them to traditional markets while RPA will distribute them to supermarkets, restaurants and traditional markets. The distribution channels grouped into 3 paths, input-PTCA-kolektor-RPA-distributor-consumers, input-PTCA-RPA-distributor-consumers, and input-PTCA-kolektor-distributor-consumers. Gross margin analysis found that PTCA got 5% with the value of 55% share, the collectors got 12% with the value of 10% share, RPA 14% with the value of 17% share and distributor 13% with the value of 17% share. The Farmers got smallest margin and RPA got the biggest margin from value chain at PTCA. According to the AHP calculation, the farm human resources, increasing purchasing power, new technology in the breeding management and the support from group got higher valuation. What can be suggested based on the Result of this research is for the actors that were involved in PTCA value chain to produce, process, run functional task, and upgrade the channel.Keywords: AHP, broiler, gross margin, PT Ciomas Adisatwa, swot analysis, value chainABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) memetakan rantai nilai ayam ras pedaging pada PT Ciomas Adisatwa Region Jawa Barat Satuan Bogor (PTCA), 2) menganalisis gross margin pada ayam pedaging rantai nilai PTCA, 3) mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi PTCA, dan 4) merumuskan strategi untuk meningkatkan daya saing PTCA. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan nilai analisis rantai, gross margin, analisis SWOT dan analisis Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Dari pemetaan rantai nilai PTCA sebagai kelompok Japfa mendapatkan pakan, day old chick, dan vaksin dari Japfacomfeed, Multibreeder Adirama, dan Vaksindo, dan didistribusikan ke pertanian plasma. Output pertanian komersial akan didistribusikan oleh rumah potong ayam (RPA) dan kolektor dalam kondisi ayam hidup. Kolektor akan mengirimkan ke pasar obat tradisional dan RPA mendistribusikan ke restoran supermarket dan pasar tradisional tersebut. Distribusi dikelompokkan menjadi tiga jalur input-PTCA-kolektor-RPA-distributor-konsumen, input-PTCA-RPA-distributor-konsumen, input-PTCA-kolektor-distributor-konsumen. Analisis marjin laba kotor menemukan bahwa PTCA mendapat 5% dengan nilai 55% saham, kolektor mendapat 12% dengan 10%, RPA 14% dengan nilai saham 17% dan distributor 13% dengan nilai saham 17%. Petani mendapat marjin terkecil dan RPA mendapat marjin terbesar dari rantai nilai di PTCA. Menurut perhitungan AHP sumber daya manusia peternakan, daya beli meningkat, teknologi baru dalam pemuliaan manajemen, dukungan dari kelompok mendapat penilaian lebih tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini, disarankan aktor yang terlibat dalam rantai nilai PTCA untuk melakukan produk, proses, fungsional, dan peningkatan saluran.Kata kunci: AHP, broiler, gross margin, PT Ciomas Adisatwa, SWOT analysis, value chai
PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA PADA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DAN SEKTOR JASA PASCAKEBIJAKAN UPAH MINIMUM DI PROVINSI BANTEN (PERIODE TAHUN 2001–2011)
Get PDFABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to analyze the conditions of employment and the factors that affect employment in agriculture and services in the province of Banten. The method used was descriptive analysis and regression analysis of panel data. The estimation results showed that all variable of the minimum wage in districts/ cities, consumption, investment, and gross regional domestic product (GDP) significantly affect employment in agriculture and services in the province of Banten. Factors affecting employment in agriculture and the service sector in the province of Banten are as follow: First, the agricultural sector model estimation results indicate that UMK variable, consumption, investment, and GDP have significant effect on employment in the agricultural sector. Second, the service sector model estimation results indicate that UMK variable, consumption, investment, and GDP have significant effect on employment in the agricultural sector. Therefore, the Government of Banten Province is expected to increase the growth rate and GDP contribution of the agricultural sector and the service sector, taking into account the level of wages and observing conditions of employment in that sector.Keywords: agriculture sector, labor, employment, GDP, Banten ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kondisi ketenagakerjaan dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian dan jasa di Provinsi Banten. Metode yang digunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi data panel. Hasil estimasi semua variabel upah minimimum kabupaten/kota, konsumsi, investasi, dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) berpengaruh nyata terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian dan jasa di Provinsi Banten. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pertanian dan sektor jasa di Provinsi Banten adalah sebagai berikut. Pertama, hasil estimasi model sektor pertanian menunjukan bahwa variabel UMK, konsumsi, investasi, dan PDRB memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian. Kedua, hasil estimasi model sektor jasa menunjukan bahwa variabel UMK, konsumsi, investasi, dan PDRB memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah Provinsi Banten diharapkan mampu meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan dan kontribusi PDRB sektor pertanian dan sektor jasa, memperhitungkan tingkat upah, dan memerhatikan kondisi lapangan pekerjaan di sektor tersebut.Kata kunci: sektor pertanian, tenaga kerja, upah minimum, PDRB, Bante
KEPUASAN PELAKU USAHA TERHADAP KUALITAS LAYANAN PERIZINAN PUPUK DI KEMENTERIAN PERTANIAN
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objectives of this study were: 1) analyze level of satisfaction index, 2) analyze factors that influence the satisfaction of fertilizer license services at the Ministry of Agriculture, 3) analyze the impact of satisfaction that influence recommendation. Data obtained from 86 respondents who were making license at the Pusat Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman dan Perizinan Pertanian (PPVTPP) and Direktorat Jenderal Prasarana dan Sarana Pertanian (Ditjen PSP). The data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel to perform a descriptive cross tabulation analysis for each variable, while the analysis of the direct impact of service satisfaction variable to the recommendation used Path Analysis with LISREL 8.30 program. The conclusion of this study is the reliability and empathy shows direct significant influence to satisfaction but directly all variables are insignificant to recommendation. Indirectly, the variables of tangibility, reliability and responsiveness have significant influence to recommendation.Keywords: servqual model, fertilizer permit service, path analysis, fertilizerABSTRAKTujuan dai penelitian adalah 1) menganlisis tingkat kepuasn, 2) menganalilis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan terhadap pelayanan perizinan pupuk di Kementerian Pertanian, 3) menganalisis pengaruh kepuasan terhadap pemberian rekomendasi. Pengambilan data terdiri dari 86 responden yang sedang mengurus perizinan di Pusat Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman dan Perizinan Pertanian (PPVTPP) dan Direktorat Jenderal Prasarana dan Sarana Pertanian (Ditjen PSP). Pengolahan data dengan menggunakan Mocrosoft Office Excel untuk menghitung analisis tabulasi silang pada setiap variabel, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepuasan terhadap pemberian rekomendasi menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) yang menggunakan program Lisrel 8.30. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah secara langsung variabel keandalan (reliability) dan empati (empathy) berpengaruh siknifikan terhadap terhadap kepuasan. Secara langsung semua variabel tidak berpengaruh terhadap pemberian rekomendasi. Secara tidak langsung melalui kepuasan, variabel tampilan fisik (tangible), keandalan (reliability) dan ketanggapan (responsiveness) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pemberian rekomendasi.Kata kunci: model servqual, layanan perizinan pupuk, analisis path, pupu
KEBUTUHAN PELATIHAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN BERBASIS KOMPETENSI PADA BADAN PELAKSANA PENYULUHAN KABUPATEN SAROLANGUN PROVINSI JAMBI
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study aimed to 1) identify the perceptions of agricultural extension of training management at “Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan Kabupaten Sarolangun”; 2) identify the perceptions of agricultural instructor on performance; 3) analyzing the agricultural training needs to be held, and the type of training needs to be done based on the analysis of the work load and competency. The data were processed using a range of criteria techniques, Tools Training Need Assessment (TNA-T) and T-Test. The results showed the whole perception of agricultural extension at all functional level positions are quite satisfied with the training organized by “Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan Kabupaten Sarolangun”. Perception on the performance of young agricultural instructor, expert agricultural instructor and agricultural instructor supervisor is high. Meanwhile the performance of advanced agricultural instructor and skilled-implementer agricultural instructor is high enough. Performance levels across functional departments of agricultural instructor at Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan Kabupaten Sarolangun is high enough although not all of them achieve the desired result by the organization due to the lack of infrastructure and extension facilities. Therefore more trainings to enhance their knowledge and skills could be done to obtain high performing agricultural instructor.Keywords: agricultural extension, performance, competency-based training, range criteria techniques, training need assessment toolsABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan 1) mengidentifikasi persepsi penyuluh pertanian terhadap pelatihan yang pernah diikuti yang dilihat dari manajemen pelatihan yang terdapat pada Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan Kabupaten Sarolangun; 2) mengidentifikasi persepsi penyuluh pertanian tentang kinerja; 3) menganalisis tingkat kebutuhan pelatihan penyuluh pertanian yang akan diadakan dan jenis pelatihan yang perlu dilakukan berdasarkan analisis kemampuan kerja jabatan dan kemampuan kerja pribadi. Data diolah dengan menggunakan teknik rentang kriteria, metode Training Need Assessment Tools (TNA-T) serta Uji T- Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Persepsi seluruh tingkatan jabatan fungsional penyuluh pertanian cukup puas dengan pelatihan yang diselenggarakan oleh Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan Kabupaten Sarolangun. Persepsi terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian ahli muda, penyuluh pertanian ahli pertama dan penyuluh pertanian terampil penyelia adalah tinggi, sedangkan penyuluh pertanian terampil pelaksana lanjutan dan penyuluh pertanian terampil pelaksana cukup tinggi. Kinerja seluruh tingkatan jabatan fungsional penyuluh pertanian penyuluh pertanian pada badan pelaksana penyuluhan Kabupaten Sarolangun cukup tinggi walaupun tidak semuanya mencapai sasaran yang diinginkan oleh organisasi yang diakibatkan karena kurangnya sarana dan prasarana penyuluhan. Oleh karena itu, untuk mendapatkan penyuluh pertanian yang memiliki kinerja tinggi, dapat dilakukan melalui pelatihan yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan wawasan dan pengetahuan.Kata kunci: penyuluh pertanian, kinerja, pelatihan berbasis kompetensi, teknik rentang kriteria, training need assessment tool
PENILAIAN TERHADAP IKLIM INVESTASI USAHA PENGOLAHAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN
Get PDFABSTRACTThe purposes of this study were (1) to identify factors that considered important by investors in making investment decisions in the oil palm agribusiness and in the performance of South Bengkulu Regency Officials in providing a supporting investment climate, (2) to determine the Regional Official’s level of compatibility and value of performance index towards factors that influencing investment, (3) to determine the difference in perception toward the (what) variables, between investors and South Bengkulu Regency Government, (4) to formulate strategies which can be used by South Bengkulu Regency to attract investors. The methods used to collect data were observation, questionnaire-based interview, and in-depth interview. The techniques used to analyze data were descriptive analysis, importance-performance analysis, Value of Performance Index, and Mann Whitney’s independent sample test. A comprehensive analysis of the output of the three methods had concluded that South Bengkulu Regency need to concern about 24 variables and its managerial implications in order to attract investors on PKS or CPO factories. Keywords: oil palm agribusiness, South Bengkulu, IPA matrix, CSI, mann whitneyABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang dianggap penting oleh investor untuk membuat keputusan investasi pabrik crude palm oil dan kinerja Pemerintah Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan dalam menyediakan iklim investasi, (2) menentukan tingkat kompatibilitas dan nilai indeks kinerja Pemerintah Daerah (Pemda) terhadap faktor yang memengaruhi investasi (3) menentukan perbedaan persepsi terhadap variabel, antara investor dan Pemerintah Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan. (4) merumuskan strategi Pemerintah Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan untuk menarik investor. Metode pengumpulan data mengunakan observation, questionnaire-based interview, dan in-depth interview. Analisis data yang digunakan berupa metode importance-performance analysis, nilai indeks kinerja, dan uji Mann Whitney sampel independen. Hasil analisis dari tiga metode tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan perlu memperbaiki sekitar 24 variabel dan melaksanakan strategi dalam rangka menarik investors pabrik CPO atau PKS. Kata kunci: kelapa sawit, Bengkulu Selatan, IPA matrix, CSI, mann whitne
SIKAP KONSUMEN TERHADAP BERAS ORGANIK
Get PDFABSTRACTThe purpose of this study were (1) to analyze the product attributes which considered necessary by the consumers of organic rice in Sukabumi Region, (2) to analyze the contribution of attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control toward the intention to buy organic rice in Sukabumi Region, and (3) to formulate the managerial implication to improve the intention to buy organic rice in Kabupaten Sukabumi. The analyzed data on the 151 respondents were collected from four sub-districts in Sukabumi using convenience-sampling method. While analysis used were descriptive, cochran, and structural equation modelling. The result show that there were three attributes which were necessitated by the consumers in Sukabumi Region in buying organic rice, and there were big contributions from two constructs in forming the intention to buy organic rice in Sukabumi Region. Keywords: organic rice, consumer attittude, theory of planned behavior, structural equation modelling (SEM)ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis atribut-atribut produk yang dipentingkan oleh konsumen terhadap beras organik di Kabupaten Sukabumi. (2) menganalisis kontribusi sikap terhadap perilaku pembelian beras organik (attitude toward behavior), norma subjektif (subjective norms), dan kontrol perilaku (perceived behavioral control) terhadap minat (intention) membeli beras organik di Kabupaten Sukabumi, (3) merumuskan implikasi manajerial yang dapat diambil dari hasil penelitian untuk meningkatkan minat membeli beras organik di Kabupaten Sukabumi. Analisis data dilakukan terhadap 151 responden yang dikumpulkan dari empat kecamatan di Kabupaten Sukabumi menggunakan metode convenience-sampling. Analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, Cochran dan structural equation modelling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga atribut yang dipentingkan oleh konsumen di Kabupaten Sukabumi dalam membeli beras organik, serta kontribusi yang besar dari dua konstruk dalam membentuk minat membeli beras organik di Kabupaten Sukabumi. Kata kunci: beras organik, sikap konsumen, theory of planned behavior, structural equation modelling (SEM
MODEL DINAMIS SUPPLY CHAIN BERAS BERKELANJUTAN DALAM UPAYA KETAHANAN PANGAN NASIONAL
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study was aimed to 1) identify the basic system of rice supply chain, 2) design a conceptual system and formulate a model of rice supply chain to achieve rice food security and 3) identify the sustainability behavior of the rice supply chain systems for the next 30 years from the aspects of economical revenue, social welfare and environment. Dynamic model was used to analyze the data. Referring to a variety of technical indicators achievement in the blueprint of national food security, several policy scenarios were used in the analysis of the behavior of rice supply chain systems until 2042 in economical revenue, social welfare and the environment aspects. The results of this study showed that the self-sufficiency of rice will continue until 2042 (the end of the study’s simulation). It also showed that in the long run, national rice food security will be disrupted if the government does not stop the conversion of agricultural land. Therefore, the government needs to issue a policy related to the conversion of agricultural land, especially paddy fields for infrastructure development.Keywords: rice, sustainable, food security, dynamic models, supply chainABSTRAKTujuan Penelitian adalah 1) mengidentifikasi sistem dasar supply chain beras, 2) menyusun konseptual sistem dan formulasi model supply chain beras untuk pencapaian ketahanan pangan nasional, serta 3) mengetahui perilaku sistem supply chain beras untuk 30 tahun kedepan tetap berkelanjutan dilihat dari aspek pendapatan ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. Analisis data menggunakan model dinamis. Beberapa skenario dalam analisis perilaku supply chain beras sampai tahun 2042 dilihat dari aspek pendapatan ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan mengacu pada indikator pencapaian dalam blue print ketahanan pangan nasional. Hasil penelitian ini, swasembada pangan beras akan berkelanjutan sampai 2042 (akhir dari simulasi penelitian ini). Dalam jangka panjang, ketahanan pangan beras nasional akan terganggu jika pemerintah tidak menghentikan konversi lahan pertanian. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah perlu mengeluarkan kebijakan penghentian atau pengetatan konversi lahan pertanian khususnya lahan sawah untuk pembangunan infrastruktur.Kata kunci: beras, berkelanjutan, ketahanan pangan, model dinamis, supply chai
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI SUSTAINABILITAS PERTUMBUHAN FINANSIAL LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO DI JAWA TIMUR
No full textSince the monetary crisis in 1998, Indonesia\u27s economy has not fully recovered as indicated by slow economic growth which has not reached yet 8% each year. These conditions load to growing number of unemployed and hence create many demand from the large number of micro enterprise for loan. There were about 50 million micro entrepreneurs which was served only by 56 thousand units of MFIs (Microfinance Institution). This fact intrigued a deep comprehensive analysis at supply side, i.e. the MFIs. The analysis was to study factors that inhibit the sustainability growth of MFIs in order to increase the number of micro business loans. The research was located in East Java province due to the fact that more than 70% MFIs located in Java island and the largest MFIs is in East Java. The samples were obtained by purposive sampling technique and then analysed using descriptive statistics, ordinal logistic regression and biplot. The result proved that the factors which significantly influence the growth of financial sustainability were Regulation, Institutions, Efficiency, CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), ROE (Return on Equity), ROA (Return on Asset), LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), loan, NPL (Non Performing Loan), HRD (Human Resources Development) and Interest rates. While the factors that did not have significant effect were competition and income per capita.Keyword : Microfinance Institutions (MFIs), Performance Analyze, Financial Sustainability, Ordinal Logistic Regressio
DAYA SAING DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN MINYAK SAWIT DI INDONESIA
Get PDFABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian Crude palm oil CPO products in the international market and to analyze the strategy to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian CPO. The analysis methods used this research were descriptive qualitative methods. The tools used to analyze the competitiveness of palm oil is Revealed Comparative Advantages and Porter Diamond Theory, while the development of the strategy used to determine the SWOT method. Based on the analysis of Porter\u27s Diamond System and revealed comparative advantages, this study concluded that the competitiveness of Indonesian CPO was pretty strong, but it still needed a strategy to strengthen its competitiveness especially on derivative products. Some of the routine strategies that need to be done every year, are the development of the CPO industry human resources through training and innovation activities, paying attention to national and international issues by improving government policies, downstream industrial development and palm oil value-added increase, enhance cooperation with manufacturers from other countries through promotions.Keywords: crude palm oil, competitiveness, strategy, analysis of porter\u27s diamondABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis daya saing produk Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia di pasar internasional dan menganalisis strategi peningkatan daya saing CPO Indonesia. Metode pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Alat yang digunakan untuk menganalisis daya saing minyak sawit adalah Revealed Comparative Advantages dan Teori Berlian Porter, sedangkan untuk mengetahui strategi pengembangan digunakan metode SWOT. Hasil analisis Sistem Berlian Porter dan revealed comparative advantages disimpulkan bahwa daya saing CPO Indonesia cukup kuat, namun masih diperlukan adanya strategi untuk memperkuat terutama pada produk turunan CPO. Strategi rutin yang harus dilakukan setiap tahunnya antara lain pengembangan sumber daya manusia pelaku industri minyak sawit dengan pelatihan dan kegiatan inovasi, memperhatikan isu nasional dan internasional dengan memperbaiki kebijakan pemerintah, pengembangan industri hilir serta peningkatan nilai tambah minyak sawit, dan meningkatkan pola kerja sama dengan produsen negara lain melalui promosi.Kata kunci: minyak sawit, daya saing, strategi, analisis porter\u27s diamon
SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS: TRANSLATING CONCEPT INTO PRACTICE
Get PDFGlobalization has proven to spur economic growth for many countries in the world. It has, however, also negative impacts in terms of widening income gap, environmental degradation etc. such that many are worried that the growth will not be sustainable. Triple bottom line was introduced to make the economic growth and company competitiveness more sustainable. Although to define the concept is easy, to make it implemented, especially by developing countries, is another matter. Education and research track by universities is suggested to be one best way to accelerate the implementation of the concept. A case of Graduate Program of Management and Business (MB-IPB) is used to illustrate the attempt.Keywords: Sustainable Business Competitiveness, Triple Bottom Line, MB-IPB, 3PsABSTRAKGlobalisasi telah terbukti memacu pertumbuhan ekonomi pada berbagai belahan dunia, tetapi juga mempunyai banyak dampak negatif yang dirasakan dalam bentuk melebarnya kesenjangan pendapatan, kerusakan lingkungan dll. Akibatnya banyak khawatir bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi yang terjadi tidak akan berkelanjutan. Konsep Triple Bottom Line diperkenalkan untuk membuat pertumbuhan ekonomi dan dayasaing perusahaan lebih berkelanjutan. Walaupun konsep ini relatif mudah untuk dijelaskan, menerapkannnya ternyata tidak mudah, terutama di negara berkembang. Jalur pendidikan dan penelitian merupakan salah satu cara terbaik yang dapat dilakukan universitas untuk mempercepat penerapan konsep. Kasus Program Pascasarjana Manajemen dan Bisnis (MB-IPB) digunakan untuk mengilustrasikan upaya tersebut.Kata kunci: Dayasaing Bisnis Berkelanjutan, Triple Bottom Line, MB-IPB, 3