Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis
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The Analysis of Dairy Farming Efficiency in East Java: Evidence Post The Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak
Full text linkBackground: Foot and Mouth Disease is a highly contagious disease in livestock that can cause great economic losses when there is an outbreak of the disease.Purpose: This study examines the characteristics and dynamics of milk production on smallholder farms in East Java after the outbreak of foot and mouth diseaseDesign/methodology/approach: The regencies of Malang and Pasuruan are the research locations because they are the centers of milk production in East Java. To obtain a representative sample, farmer households were disaggregated by farm location, with a total of 93 farmer households surveyed 45 from Malang Regency and 48 from Pasuruan Regency. East Java Province was recorded to have 282.364 dairy cows in 2022, accounting for 56% of the national dairy cattle population, making it the key region in dairy cattle production. Through a comparative analysis of key factors, such as feed management, labor efficiency, and animal composition, the study revealed significant differences in milk production between the two regions.Findings/Result: The study found that the number of lactating cows positively impacted milk production, with farmers in both Malang and Pasuruan effectively optimizing concentrate feed. However, labor management challenges in Pasuruan hindered full resource utilization, highlighting the need for improved labor practices. To sustain dairy farming in East Java, tailored strategies that address regional differences, optimize resources, enhance labor quality, and invest in disease prevention and farmer education are essential for increasing productivity and resilience. Conclusion: Policy implications highlight the need for targeted training programs, improved measures to prevent the spread of foot and mouth disease (FMD), and better access to veterinary services to support farmers in adapting to FMD. Ultimately, strengthening resilience in the dairy farming sector is critical to ensuring the sustainability and productivity of dairy farming in East Java.Originality/value (State of the art): This study provides novel insights by not only analyzing the dynamics of milk production in these regions post-FMD but also by examining the specific factors affecting recovery, such as feed management, labor efficiency, and animal composition. This study offers a comparative analysis between the two major dairy-producing areas in East Java.
Keywords: dairy farming, foot and mouth disease, milk production, lactating cow, resource managemen
Corporate Governance Dynamics and Sustainability Phases in Indonesian Palm Oil: A Multi-Principal Agency Perspective
Full text linkBackground: Indonesia’s palm oil industry boosts the economy and supports renewable energy, but its expansion has caused deforestation, biodiversity loss, and social conflict. Rising external pressure makes sustainability essential, yet practices remain fragmented. Stronger corporate governance is needed to balance profit with social and environmental responsibility, as traditional agency theory no longer fully applies.Purpose: This study explores how different principal groups influence sustainability phase progression and how governance mechanisms evolve when companies face competing sustainability expectations in the agribusiness sector. This study extends agency theory beyond shareholder primacy and examines how firms navigate sustainability shifts under changing stakeholder power.Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative single-case study was conducted on PALMO (a pseudonym), an Indonesian palm oil company with vertical integration. The company’s trajectory from 1993 to 2023 was traced through interviews, focus group discussions, document reviews, and site visits. The analysis draws on the Sustainability Phase Model, extended agency theory, and the four pillars of corporate governance (ethical behavior, transparency, accountability, and sustainability).Findings/Results: PALMO’s sustainability trajectory was uneven. Progress accelerated when external pressure intensified or when internal coordination was effective, and slowed during periods of weak oversight or shifting priorities. Changes in the influence of principals (buyers, NGOs, regulators, and shareholders) either enabled movement across sustainability phases or created new constraints on the movement. Over time, governance has expanded from basic compliance to more adaptive practices, including cross-divisional sustainability teams, sustainability-linked loans, and ESG-based performance targets. These mechanisms provide ways to manage short-term business needs alongside longer-term sustainability goals.Conclusion: Multi-principal dynamics shape both progress and setbacks in sustainability phases and inform the evolution of governance. Effective governance requires adaptive arrangements that integrate sustainability into incentives, targets, and coordination structures while maintaining strategic alignment amid ongoing tensions.Originality/value: This study extends agency theory by framing governance as a negotiation among multiple principals rather than a simple alignment with shareholders. It also enriches the Sustainability Phase Model by showing that sustainability transformations can overlap, stall, or reverse, offering theoretical and practical insights into strengthening sustainability governance in emerging market agribusiness.
Keywords: corporate sustainability, extended agency theory, corporate governance, palm oil industry, sustainability transformatio
Market Structure and Competition of Indonesian Eel in The Chinese Market
Full text linkBackground: Indonesia is a major exporter of frozen eels to China. China consistently absorbed more than 80% of Indonesia\u27s eel exports. Indonesian exports have been declining in recent years, whereas global demand, including China, is expected to grow. This may lead to competition among the exporting countries in the Chinese market.Purpose: This study aims to identify the structure of the frozen eel export market in China, the factors affecting the demand share, and to analyze the competition between Indonesia\u27s frozen eel and other exporting countries in the Chinese market. Design/methodology/approach: The Herfindahl–Hirschman Index and Concentration Ratio (CR4 and CR8), and an Almost Ideal Demand System model. The data used were Secondary data from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, and India from to 2012-2023. Findings/Results: The analysis shows that the export market structure of frozen eels in China is oligopolistic. Factors affecting the demand for Indonesia’s frozen eel in China are its own price, the price of frozen eel in the rest of the world, the exchange rate, and China’s GDP. Pakistan and Thailand have competed with Indonesia. Indonesian frozen eels are classified as normal goods, but are inelastic. Indonesia is the second-most benefited country in terms of China’s increase in import expenditure.Conclusion: Indonesia should leverage its competitive advantage in determining the pricing of frozen eels in the Chinese market and expand its market share in the global market. Furthermore, Indonesia can collaborate with Malaysia and India to capitalize on complementary market conditions. Originality/value (state of the art): This is the first study of its kind to examine the Indonesian Eel market structure and competitiveness in the Chinese market. It is also the first to integrate market structure theory with the AIDS model.
Keywords: almost ideal demand system (AIDS) model, eels, export, Chinese market, international trad
The Impact of The RCEP Agreement on The Export Performance of Indonesia’s Processed Cocoa
Full text linkBackground: The RCEP trade agreement, which has been in effect since 2023, will undoubtedly play a role in facilitate trade flows by reducing barriers, especially for Indonesia\u27s leading commodity exports in the international market. Purpose: This study analyzes the impact of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement on the export performance of Indonesian processed cocoa commodities in the international market.Design/methodology/approach: The data used are secondary data in the form of panels from 2018 to 2024, with cross sections in the form of quarters. The research method uses Difference in Difference (DiD) analysis by looking at changes in performance variables assessed based on diversification value (HHI), export value, and export volume after the agreement\u27s implementation.Findings/Results: The estimation results show that the RCEP trade agreement increases the value by 0.52 units and export volume by 0.68 units, but not diversification. The diversification value of processed cocoa exports in RCEP member countries is lower than that in non-member countries. However, after the implementation period of the agreement in 2023, there are differences in export decisions of member countries.Conclusion: The RCEP trade agreement implementation positively and significantly affected the value and volume of Indonesian processed cocoa exports in the international market but had no impact on diversification.Originality/value (State of the art): This study focuses on the impact of the RCEP on Indonesia\u27s processed cocoa export performance. This study uses 25 central destination countries for processed cocoa exports, with 10 countries in the treatment group and 15 in the control group.
Keywords: export performance, processed cocoa, RCEP, trade agreement, cocoa, international marke
Dynamics of Indonesia’s Competitiveness and Factors Affecting Coffee Exports in The China Market
Full text linkBackground: As one of the world’s largest coffee exporters, Indonesia has significantly increased its coffee export value. The rapidly growing global coffee market, with China being one of the largest, shows a promising potential. Nonetheless, Indonesia is facing stiff competition from other coffee-exporting countries.Purpose: This study analyzes the dynamics of Indonesia\u27s coffee competitiveness in the Chinese market and the factors affecting coffee exports to the Chinese market.Design/methodology/approach: This research uses RCA, EPD, X-Model and Gravity models as analytical tools. Findings/Results: The RCA analysis shows that Indonesia has a comparative advantage during the two research periods, while the EPD analysis finds that Indonesia has successfully improved its competitive position from lagging to rising in the second period. In addition, the X-Model analysis shows that China had a lower potential market for Indonesia in the first period. However, this market becomes optimistic in the next period, so there is much potential to continue increasing coffee exports to this country. In addition, gravity model analysis shows that factors such as the real GDP of exporting countries and China\u27s real GDP affect coffee exports to the Chinese market.Conclusion: Indonesia\u27s competitiveness has improved in the Chinese market, and the economic growth of exporters and China is essential in driving coffee exports to the Chinese market.Originality/value (state of the art): This study explicitly highlights China\u27s fast-growing non-traditional coffee market, which currently shows high growth rates in coffee consumption.
Keywords: coffee, EPD, gravity model, X-Model, international trad
Assessment of Food Insecurity Among Marginal Farming Households in North Aceh Regency
Full text linkBackground: North Aceh Regency’s average daily per-capita energy consumption is 1,927 kcal below the national adequacy standard placing it as the sixth-lowest in Aceh despite being the province’s largest rice producer. Limited resources reduce the purchasing power of marginal farming households, diminishing their food availability and consumption. These households represent a relevant sample for developing effective food-security solutions, as their high vulnerability makes them suitable for testing new agricultural methods amid climate-related challenges.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the categories and composite mapping of food insecurity among marginal rice farming households in North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia.Design/methodology/approach: The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and Household Food Insecurity Access Prevalence (HFIAP) instruments were employed to identify and analyze vulnerability instruments and priority composite mapping. Both quantitative and qualitative analytical techniques were used, in alignment with the research objectives. Marginal rice farmers from four villages across two sub-districts were selected via purposive sampling complemented by proportional random sampling, yielding a sample of 100 households from four villages in North Aceh Regency.Findings/Results: The results revealed that 43% of marginal rice‑farming households were classified as moderately food‑insecure, 35% as severely food‑insecure, and 22% as slightly food‑insecure. Furthermore, FSVA-based mapping designated Lhok Kareung Village and Nga Lt Village in Lhoksukon District as Priority Composite 1, with a vulnerability index of 0.23%, denoting severe food insecurity.Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that most marginal rice‑farming households in North Aceh Regency were classified as moderately food‑insecure (43%), while the remainder were categorized as severely and slightly food‑insecure, with percentage values of 35% and 22%, respectively. Consequently, these findings elucidate the food security level of marginal farmers in North Aceh, which has direct implications for managers focusing on availability, access, including affordability of food distribution, and utilization, thereby fostering a sustainable food system. Effective managerial implications can foster food-secure marginal farmers, indicated by infrastructural modernization (provision of warehousing for stock and accessibility, precise irrigation, food diversification, affordable prices, and enhanced welfare reflected in higher incomes), as well as community cultural factors grounded in local wisdom.Originality/value (State of the art): This study first analyzes the integration of food‑insecurity analysis with food‑security composite mapping, providing a nuanced understanding of vulnerability dynamics.
Keywords: food insecurity, marginal farming households, fsva instrument, food security priority ma
The Future of Supplier Selection: Integrating Bibliometric Intelligence and MCDM in The Perishable Agro-Industry
Full text linkBackground: Supplier selection in the perishable agroindustry, such as for mushrooms, is a complex and strategic process. It significantly impacts supply chain performance owing to the perishability and quality sensitivity of the products involved. Traditionally, decision-making methods in this area often lack preliminary validation, resulting in suboptimal supplier choice.Purpose: This study aims to integrate bibliometric analysis and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches, particularly the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to develop a robust data-driven model for supplier selection in the mushroom agroindustry.Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework and bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed articles identified the most relevant MCDM methods. A case study approach involving expert judgment was used to evaluate mushroom suppliers based on the following five criteria: quality, price, delivery, service, and product suitability.Findings/Result: A bibliometric review confirmed that AHP, TOPSIS, and fuzzy logic are the most frequently applied methods. AHP was selected for its strengths in handling both qualitative and quantitative data and validating decision consistency. The results showed that Supplier A had the highest overall score (0.389), followed by Supplier C (0.345) and Supplier B (0.266), with a consistency ratio (CR) below 0.10, validating the assessments.Conclusion: Integrating bibliometric analysis with MCDM methods offers a more objective and evidence-based approach to supplier selection. The developed model enhances decision accuracy, supports strategic sourcing, and ensures quality and timeliness in highly perishable product supply chains.Originality/value (State of the art): This study pioneers the direct integration of bibliometric insights into an MCDM-based decision-making framework applied in a real-world agroindustry context. The methodology is replicable and adaptable across various industries facing similar supplier evaluation challenges.
Keywords: supplier selection, multi-criteria decision making, analytic hierarchy process, bibliometric
Competitiveness and Profitability of Bali Cattle For Farmers in The Southeast Sulawesi Development Center, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Bali cattle have a significant role in supporting food security through providing meat and contributing to the economy by increasing farmers’ income. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the competitiveness and profitability of the Bali cattle business in supporting animal food security and economic growth in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted from June to October 2024 in South Konawe and Muna Regencies, Southeast Sulawesi as centers for Bali cattle development. Data were collected from 240 Bali cattle farmers through direct interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary sources from various agencies. The analysis used in this study was the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Findings/Result: The results of competitiveness in South Konawe Regency were a private cost ratio (PCR) of 0.77 and domestic resource cost (DRC) of 0.82 with a private profitability (PP) of IDR 2.4 million per head per year and social profitability (SP) of IDR 1.9 million per head per year. The competitiveness results in Muna Regency are a private cost ratio (PCR) of 0.52 and domestic resource cost (DRC) of 0.60 with private profitability (PP) of IDR 5.7 million per head per year and social profitability (SP) of IDR 4.8 million per head per year. Conclusion: These results state that the Bali cattle business in both regencies is efficient and has competitiveness both competitively and comparatively. Therefore, developing Bali cattle and farmers\u27 access to input-output prices is crucial in government policies to meet national demand.Originality/value (State of the art): Our research focuses on the competitiveness and profitability of smallholder Bali cattle farming. The study targets farmers utilizing semi-intensive systems (breeding and fattening) or intensive systems (fattening only) in two primary Bali cattle development areas: Konawe Selatan District, representing the mainland, and Muna District, representing the island region in Southeast Sulawesi Province.
Keywords: Bali cattle, development centers, competitiveness, profitability, pa
Indonesia\u27s Position and Participation in The Global Value Chain of The Agriculture Sector
Full text linkBackground: The agricultural sector in Indonesia, contributing 13.7% to GDP and employing 30% of the workforce, is critical to the nation\u27s economy. Despite its importance, the country\u27s participation in the agricultural global value chain (GVC) faces persistent challenges, particularly in advancing agro-processing and integrating into high-value production. Purpose: This study analyzes Indonesia\u27s GVC position and participation from 2007 to 2021, using the UIBE GVC Index and ADB ICIO data.Design/Methodology/Approach: Descriptive statistics and linear regression methods are used to assess Indonesia\u27s forward and backward GVC participation compared to that of 62 other countries worldwide.Findings/Result: Findings reveal significant declines in Indonesia\u27s backward participation, reflecting progress toward self-sufficiency, yet limited participation in complex forward and backward linkages underscores deficiencies in technological infrastructure and value-added exports. Moderate engagement in simple forward linkages highlights the need for targeted investments to boost competitiveness. Strategic interventions in infrastructure, advanced inputs, capacity-building, and global collaborations are essential for strengthening Indonesia\u27s agricultural GVC role. Conclusion: To enhance GVC participation, Indonesia must address technological, infrastructure, and policy gaps. Strategic investments in agro-processing, advanced inputs, supply chain modernization, and international partnerships are critical to boosting competitiveness and export performance. Originality/Value (State of the Art): This study provides comprehensive insights for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing innovative strategies to enhance Indonesia’s global agricultural presence and achieve sustainable growth.
Keywords: Agriculture, GVC Position, GVC Participation, Global Value Chain (GVC), UIBE GVC Index
Strengthening Indonesia’s Beef Supply Chain Resilience: Strategic Business Model Development For Cattle Fattening
Full text linkBackground: Indonesia’s beef feedlot industry plays a strategic role in national food security; however, it remains constrained by persistent feed shortages, fragmented supply chains, and inconsistent regulatory frameworks. Existing studies have examined these challenges separately but have not produced an integrated strategic business model that aligns policy, technology, markets, and multi-stakeholder collaboration to address them.Purpose: This study aims to develop a Strategic Business Model Canvas (SBMC) to improve the resilience, sustainability, and competitiveness of Indonesia’s feedlot industry by integrating policy coherence, technological adoption, market strengthening, and Quadruple Helix collaboration.Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative, field-based design was employed using expert interviews, open-ended questionnaires, field observations, and policy document analysis. Data were collected from 20 key stakeholders representing government, industry, academia, and farmer groups across East Java. Open and axial coding were used to identify systemic bottlenecks, which were then mapped into the SBMC framework and validated through methodological triangulation.Findings/Result: Four structural constraints were identified—feed availability gaps, supply chain inefficiencies, regulatory fragmentation, and weak stakeholder coordination. The proposed SBMC introduces strategic levers including local feed innovation, digital traceability, improved breeder–feedlot integration, and cross-sector partnerships. These mechanisms enhance value creation, reduce import dependency, and strengthen system resilience in line with ESG-oriented agribusiness transformation.Conclusion: The SBMC developed in this study provides a theory-informed and stakeholder-validated framework that bridges policy design and operational realities in Indonesia’s feedlot sector. It offers a practical roadmap for achieving a more inclusive, resilient, and sustainable beef supply chain.Originality/value (State of the art): This study is the first to develop an empirically grounded SBMC for the Indonesian feedlot industry by integrating the Quadruple Helix model with strategic dimensions of policy, market, technology, and governance. It provides a comprehensive transformation framework with clear operational implications for achieving national food sovereignty.
Keywords: food sovereignty, inclusive agribusiness, Indonesia beef cattle industry, strategic Business Model Canvas (SBMC), quadruple helix collaboratio