Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis
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Do Prices Affect Farmer’s Term of Trade in Indonesia?
Get PDFThis study aimed to identify the factors affecting the welfare of food crop farmers, measured by the food crop farmers’ terms of trade using the Vector Error Correction Model. The data used were monthly data from 2011 to 2016. The results of this study indicate that the medium-grain rice producer price and sharia financing provided by Sharia Banks in the agricultural sector contribute greatly to the welfare of the food crop farmers.Keywords: farmers’ terms of trade, food crops, sharia financing, food pric
Quality Dimensions of Purchase Behavior Decision on Fishery Products
Get PDFThe role of fishery product has been developed and acknowledged in terms of food security both as income sources and food supplies for developing countries. On the other hand, quality control has become a challenge in overcoming consumers’ decision to purchase the products. The objective of research is to understand and evaluate consumer behavior in purchasing the products in regards to quality dimension on fishery products by using non-probability sampling technique to 142 consumers in three different locations in Pontianak (shops, mini/supermarkets, and local markets). Data were gathered by in-depth interviews divided into four categories consisting of consumer profiles; product knowledge; perception and preference; and quality dimension variable with conjoint analysis. The result shows that price, flavor, moistness, texture, nutrition, packaging color, and packaging size do not affect consumers’ decision to purchase the products. On the contrary, package durability attribute is the primary factor in their decision to purchase, and it is then followed by packaging material, availability, flavor, guarantee, guarantee source, brand, packaging form, and product form. This is beneficial for producers to improve the quality factors and develop market opportunities in the future. Besides, consumers can obtain information on product characteristics to fulfill their expectation and satisfaction.Keywords: conjoint analysis, fishery products, non-probability sampling, purchase behavior, quality dimensionsABSTRAKPeran produk olahan perikanan telah berkembang dan diakui dalam keamanan pangan–baik sebagai sumber pendapatan maupun sumber makanan bagi negara-negara berkembang. Namun, pengendalian terhadap karakteristik mutu menjadi sebuah tantangan dalam menghadapi keputusan pembelian konsumen. Tujuan penelitian adalah memahami dan mengevaluasi perilaku keputusan pembelian konsumen terkait dimensi mutu pada produk olahan perikanan menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling terhadap 142 konsumen pada tiga lokasi di Pontianak (toko, mini/supermarket, dan pasar lokal). Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara mendalam yang terbagi menjadi empat bagian, yaitu profil konsumen; pengetahuan produk; persepsi dan preferensi; dan variabel dimensi mutu dengan conjoint analysis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa harga, aroma, kelembaban, tekstur, nutrisi, warna kemasan, dan ukuran kemasan tidak memengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen. Namun, atribut daya tahan prduk menjadi faktor terpenting dalam keputusan pembelian yang diikuti dengan bahan kemasan, ketersediaan, aroma, jaminan, sumber jaminan, merek, entuk kemasan, dan bentuk produk. Hal tersebut bermanfaat bagi produsen untuk meningkatkan mutu yang dipentingkan oleh konsumen dan mengembangkan peluang pasar dimasa mendatang. Disamping itu, konsumen dapat memperoleh informasi karakteristik produk penting untuk memenuhi kepuasan dan harapan konsumen.Kata kunci: conjoint analysis, produk olahan perikanan, non-probability sampling, perilaku pembelian, dimensi mut
Pengaruh Modal Sosial Terhadap Permintaan Pangan Rumahtangga Tani di Provinsi Riau
Get PDFThe objectives of this study were to analyze the factors that affected the food demand by the farmer households in Riau Province and to analyze how social capital is influential toward this demand. The research was conducted in four districts with different characteristics including Indragiri Hilir and Rokan Hilir as the regional representation with high activities of food crops, while Kampar and Rokan Hulu as the regional representation to the medium activities of food crops. The study was conducted in the two-survey period. The first survey was carried out in Indragiri Hilir and Kampar Regencies with the number of households as many as 114 in 2013, and the second survey was conducted in Rokan Hilir and Rokan Hulu Regencies with the number of households of 96 farm households in 2014 so that the total samples reached 210 farm households 4. The sampling was carried out randomly. The function of farmer household food demand was analyzed using the model of farm household and was estimated by Ordinary Least Sguare (OLS). The results showed that the variables of age of the household head, education level of farmers, number of household members, household income, and social capital had positive effects on the food demand for the farmer households while the variables of the prices of rice, potatoes, eggs, chicken meat, fish, and cooking oil had negative effects on the food demand for the farmer households in Riau Province. Furthermore, the results showed that social capital in the society built on the four (4) aspects, namely, trust, social networks within the support structure, norms and values, and levels of participation in the organization has contributed positively to food security of the farmers in Riau Province. Therefore, the community needs to build a high social capital, cooperation and mutual assistance, especially for the environment that has difficulties in finding food.Keywords: social capital, demand, food, farm household, food securit
Uji Empirik Metode Pengukuran Hedging Ratio dan Efektivitas Hedging di Bursa Komoditas Berjangka Jakarta
Get PDFHedging strategies in the commodity futures market is strongly influenced by the estimation method of hedge ratio. This study examines the effectiveness of hedging strategy against cash position in Indonesia’s palm oil spot market using three hedge ratio estimation methods: OLS, Vector Error Correction Model, and Threshold-ARCH. The results show the hedging effectiveness in the Jakarta Futures Exchange is considerably highly effective to reduce the impact of fluctuations of spot price. The effectiveness of hedging strategy using OLS as the simplest method is close to VECM method and TARCH. The effectiveness of hedging strategy using OLS hedge ratio provides an opportunity for market player in implementing hedging strategy in Jakarta Futures Exchange due to its simplicity in estimation procedureKeywords: hedge ratio, hedging effectiveness, OLS, VECM, TARC
DAYA SAING BAWANG MERAH DI WILAYAH SENTRA PRODUKSI DI INDONESIA
Get PDFThe objectives of this study are to analyze (1) the profitability of shallot farming, (2) competitiveness of shallot farming through competitive and comparative advantages and (3) impact of government’s policy on competitiveness of shallot farming in three production centers in Indonesia (Cirebon, Brebes, and Tegal). Data analysis method used Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The results show that shallot farming in Cirebon, Brebes and Tegal is financially profitable but economically unprofitable. The analysis of the competitiveness of shallot farming in Cirebon, Brebes and Tegal shows that shallot farming has no comparative advantage but has competitive advantage. The impacts of government’s policy on output show that the government has given protection on the price of shallot. Meanwhile, the government\u27s policy on input is disincentive to farmers. Shallot farmers have to pay inputs more expensive than they should be; however, simultaneously, the government\u27s policy on input and output support the shallot production in Cirebon, Brebes and Tegal.Keywords: comparative advantage, competitive advantage, government’s policy, policy analysis matrix, shallotAbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keuntungan usaha tani bawang merah, menganalisis daya saing bawang merah melalui keunggulan kometitif dan komparatif, serta menganalisis dampak kebijakan pemerintah pada usaha tani bawang merah di tiga sentra produksi di Indonesia (Cirebon, Brebes, Tegal). Metode analisis data menggunakan PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha tani bawang merah di Cirebon, Brebes dan Tegal menguntungkan secara finansial tetapi tidak menguntungkan secara ekonomi. Hasil analisis daya saing usaha tani bawang merah di Cirebon, Brebes dan Tegal menunjukkan usaha tani bawang merah tidak memiliki keunggulan komparatif tetapi masih memiliki keunggulan kompetitif. Dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap output menunjukkan adanya proteksi pemerintah terhadap harga bawang merah. Sementara itu, kebijakan pemerintah terkait input masih bersifat disinsentif kepada petani. Petani harus membayar input lebih mahal dari seharusnya. Secara simultan, kebijakan pemerintah terhadap input dan output mendukung terhadap produksi bawang merah di Cirebon, Brebes dan Tegal.Kata kunci: bawang merah, kebijakan pemerintah, keunggulan komparatif, keunggulan kompetitif, policy analysis matri
Perbandingan Teknik Pengambilan Keputusan Multi-Kriteria Antara Metode Eckenrode dengan Metode Fuzzy Eckenrode pada Kinerja Agroindustri
Get PDFMulti-criteria decision-making system has evolved with various methods. One method that is still being used today is the Eckenrode method. This study aims to compare the methods used in multi-criteria decision-making i.e. between the Eckenrode method and Fuzzy Eckenrode method on agroindustry performances in a decision-making model. To evaluate the two methods, the assessment data from the ten experts on the performance measurement system of agroindustry were used using Human Resource Scorecard (HRSC) method. The results show that both Eckenrode method and Fuzzy Eckenrode method are able to provide a rank-system of an alternative of the same criteria in a decision-making. However, Fuzzy Eckenrode method shows clearer assessment weighting compared to the regular Eckenrode method; therefore, the system of weighting using the Fuzzy Eckenrode method is more recommended in high-level decision making with a high level of accuracy.Keywords: decision-making, Eckenrode, Fuzzy Eckenrode, multi-criteria, weightingABSTRAKSistem pengambilan keputusan multi kriteria telah berkembang dengan berbagai metode yang beragam. Salah satu metode yang masih terus dipakai saat ini adalah metode Eckenrode. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode pengambilan keputusan multi kriteria dengan pendekatan metode Eckenrode biasa dengan metode Fuzzy Eckenrode pada kinerja agroindustri dalam suatu model pengambilan keputusan. Untuk mengevaluasi kedua metode ini digunakan data penilaian terhadap suatu sistem pengukuran kinerja agroindustri dari para pakar sebanyak sepuluh orang dengan metode Human Resource Scorecard (HRSC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Eckenrode dan metode Fuzzy Eckenrode mampu memberikan perangkingan suatu alternatif kriteria yang sama dalam suatu pengambilan keputusan. Namun metode Fuzzy Eckenrode menunjukkan penilaian pembobotan yang lebih jelas dibandingan dengan menggunakan metode Eckenrode biasa, sehingga sistem penilaian pembobotan melalui metode Fuzzy Eckenrode lebih direkomendasikan dalam pengambilan keputusan tingkat tinggi dengan akurasi yang juga tinggi.Kata kunci: Eckenrode, Fuzzy Eckenrode, multi kriteria, pembobotan, pengambilan keputusa
Pengambilan Keputusan Waktu Panen Pada Usaha Pembesaran Lobster di Pulau Lombok Provinsi NTB
Get PDFLobsters represent as a valuable commodity to be determined by their length and weight. In Indonesia, the minimum legal size of lobster is 7cm of carapace length and 200 grams of weight, and this is stipulated on regulation of Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries No.1/2015. Instead of behaving in accordance with the rule, farmers still harvest lobsters as soon as they are of marketable size to reduce the risk of mortality and to generate income instantly. This paper develops a structural equation model partially least square (SEM PLS) to analyze decision making process to harvest lobster in Indonesia. The study established by structural equation modeling partially least square shows that the decision making to harvest lobster is driven by patron-client relationship, time constraint, and working complexity.Keywords: lobster growing activities, decision to harvest, Lombok, SEM PLSABSTRAKLobster sebagai komoditas yang berharga ditentukan oleh ukuran panjang dan berat. Di Indonesia, berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan No.1 / 2015, ukuran minimal lobster adalah memiliki panjang karapas 7cm dan berat 200 gram. Pelaku usaha pembesaran lobster justru tidak mentaati aturan yang ada, ukuran lobster yang dipanen justru ditentukan oleh permintaan pasar yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi risiko kematian lobster dan mempercepat waktu dalam memperoleh penghsilan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan analisis keputusan waktu panen lobster di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah model persamaan struktural sebagian least square (SEM PLS). Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa keputusan untuk memanen lobster ditentukan oleh hubungan patron dengan klien, keterbatasan waktu, dan kompleksitas pekerjaan.Kata kunci: kegiatan pembesaran lobster, keputusan waktu panen, Lombok, SEM PL
KERAGAAN PRODUKSI SUSU DAN EFISIENSI USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH RAKYAT DI INDONESIA
Get PDFThe main issue in the dairy farm business managed by the communities is the relatively low efficiency level of the businesses run by some of the farmers. The research objectives were to analyze the performance of dairy farm business, factors that influence dairy production, and technical efficiency level of the community dairy farm businesses in Indonesia. The research was conducted by surveys so that the primary data from the samples of farmers’ households were obtained through interviews and questionnaires. The analytical method used in this study was the stochastic frontier production function. The results of the analysis showed that the number of the lactating cows raised in small-scaled farm businesses decreased from the previous year; on the other hand, the number of the lactating cows in large-scaled farm businesses increased. Meanwhile, the average milk productions have declined in both small and large-scaled farm businesses. The results of the analysis of the stochastic frontier production function showed that forage fodder input (HMT), concentrates, employment and number of lactating cows are influential factors on milk production.Thus, the efficiency analysis suggests that the level of technical efficiency of large-scaled farm businesses is higher than that of the small-scaled farm businesses, while the efficiency distribution is predominantly in the range of 0,80 to 1,00, which means that most farm businesses have achieved a high level of technical efficiency. The individual factors from the farmers which are influential in decreasing business inefficiency include age and education level; on the contrary, the influences of experience and ownership of the garden affect the efficiency in the opposite way. Keywords: technical efficiency, production function, frontier stochastic, dair
TRANSMISI HARGA KOPI ANTARA PASAR INDONESIA DENGAN PASAR TUJUAN EKSPOR UTAMA
Get PDFIndonesia is the world’s fourth biggest coffee exporter with a market share of 9.7 %. This study examined the asymmetric price transmission in the coffee market between the importing countries (United State, German, and Japan) and Indonesia. AECM (Asymmetric Error Correction Model) was used to examine the asymmetric price transmission by using the monthly data from 2005 to 2014. The result of the study showed that there is no price asymmetry in the coffee market in the long run because there is no market power in the coffee market; however, in the short run, there is asymmetry price transmission in the United State and Japan due to the adjustment cost. Keywords: coffee, asymmetric price transmission, AEC
PENGARUH SERVICE QUALITY, PRODUCT QUALITY DAN PERCEIVED VALUE TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN LOYALITAS PELANGGAN INDUSTRI KAYU PERHUTANI
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to analyze the influences of service quality, product quality and perceived value on the satisfaction and loyalty of the customers of Perhutani wood industry, the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty and managerial implications. Four data analysis techniques were used including the structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEMPLS) with 24 exogenous latent variable attributes and 6 endogenous latent variable attributes; CSI, CLI and IPA. SEMPLS results showed that the variables of service quality (T-statistic=2, 79*>T-table=1, 96) and product quality (T-statistic=6, 45*>T-table=1, 96) significantly influence the satisfaction of the customers of Perhutani wood industry. Perceived value variable (T-statistic=0, 65<T-table=1, 96) doesn’t influence significantly in the form of customers satisfaction. Customer satisfaction (T-statistic=1, 53<T-table=1, 96) does not significantly influence the customer loyalty. The data of CSI=80, 85% and CLI=74, 12% indicate the customers are satisfied and loyal to the service quality, product quality, and perceived value provided by Perhutani wood industry. The main priority of the performances to be improved based on IPA include the attributes of accuracy of product sizes: length, width, thickness), complaint handling, product delivery, service employees, comprehension of needs, officer awareness, information on the documents and prevailing prices, service time completion, purchase document accuracy, price certainty, allocation certainty, suitability prices with quality, and affordable product prices.Keywords: perhutani, wood industry, satisfaction, loyalty, SEMPL