Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SALT POLICY IN INDONESIA
Get PDFIn general, the goal of a policy is to achieve public welfare through regulations made by the government. Regulations are generally made because they are required to regulate the interests of the communities. Salt is an important commodity demanded by the people in Indonesia. In adition, Indonesia is a country with the second longest coastline in the world; therefore, it has a potential to produce salt and achieve self-sufficiency. However, the national salt production has not been able to meet the demand for salt, especially in meeting the needs for industrial salt. To overcome this problem, the government issued a policy of procuring salt through imports with the hope that industrial needs are met and simultaneously domestic salt production can be increased. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effectiveness of the government policies related to salt by adopting the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) approach. Data and information were obtained through focus group discussions with relevant stakeholders and literature studies analyzed using the RIA approach. The results of this study concluded that the salt policies in Indonesia, especially related to the policy of salt imports, has not been effective. Strategies and corrective actions must be taken so that they can be optimally effective. Strategies that can be carried out include improving the import salt trade system through strengthening the data collection system, monitoring the running of local salt businesses and enforcing laws. The combination between improving the quality of salt produced by the local farmers and guaranteeing the salt prices at the farmer level will accelerate the achievement of the policy objectives.
Keywords: self-sufficiency, public policy, imports, farmers, regulatory impact analysi
The Role of Online Aggregators in The Vegetable Value Chain
Get PDFIn Indonesia, many intermediaries of agricultural products are emerging as modern actors called business aggregators who utilize information from the internet or online technologies in their business activities. This study aims to analyze the activities and roles of online aggregators (based on information technology) in the order of value chains of agricultural products, especially vegetables. Purposive sampling technique was used in selecting 12 online business aggregators of vegetable products. Data were obtained through Focus Group Discussions and in-depth interviews with the business aggregator online owner. Based on the results of the analysis show that the main activities of the aggregator business value chain that are divided into three value chains, namely input provider, processing and marketing providers. Online aggregators become important actors in the agribusiness system in the future. In conventional agribusiness systems, non-online aggregators, whose position is in the subsystem, downstream agribusiness, but in online aggregator at present with the advancement of internet, the aggregator is in the middle/middle, between upstream, cultivation, downstream and supporting institutions subsystems.
Keywords: intermediaries, online aggregator, vegetable products, value chai
EFFICIENCY OF OIL PALM SMALLHOLDERS IN INDONESIA: A META-FRONTIER APPROACH
Get PDFThis research aims to evaluate the performance production and technical efficiency of oil palm production in Indonesia based on the management pattern (independent farmers and supported farmers). The secondary data were used from the Estate Cultivation Household Survey (ST2013 SKB) conducted by BPS-Statistics Indonesia. The empirical analysis involved using a meta-frontier approach, allowing one to decompose efficiency into group-level technical efficiency and technology gaps. The results indicate that the output of each management pattern behind their potential with the mean technical efficiency of 0,6789 and 0,7127 for independent farmers and supported farmers, respectively. The technology gap ratio statistics showed that the farmers had adopted the best available smallholder production technology in their farming. However, independent farmers were slightly more optimal than supported farmers. The efficiency measure generated from the meta-frontier revealed that supported farmers were more efficient, where the primary source of inefficiency came from managerial inefficiency. Thus, the policies to increase the production of oil palm smallholders must focus on the improvement of technical skills and managerial capabilities of farmers on the efficient use of resources and advanced technology by considering each characteristic of each management pattern.
Keywords: technical efficiency, independent farmers, supported farmers, oil palm, meta-frontie
The Application of Planned Behavior Theory on Millennial Generation Behavior in Purchasing Organic Vegetables
Get PDFOrganic vegetables are vegetables that are cultivated without any synthetic chemicals. Organic vegetables production volume is increasing every year. There are expectations of increasing the annual production of organic food in order to provide safe and healthy food. Vegetables are one of the basic needs that are consumed daily in Indonesia. This research aimed to analyze the buying behavior of organic vegetables of millennials in Bandung city. This research tried to expand the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by adding one variable, namely health consciousness, in the research framework. The methods used in this research were Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the AMOS approach. The number of samples used were was 208 respondents. Millennial Generation respondents consisted of people aged 21 to 40 years old whoi were selected with a sampling technique of quota sampling. Data collection was conducted by distributing online questionnaires using Google Forms via WhatsApp and Instagram. The results showed that the purchase intention variable had the most dominant influence toward on buying behavior. While health consciousness, which was an addition of the Theory of Planned Behavior modification, had the most dominant effect toward perceived behavioral control.
Keywords: theory of planned behavior, health consciousness, organic vegetables, millennial generation, structural equation modeling (SEM
Vertical Price Transmission in Soybean, Soybean Oil, and Soybean Meal Markets
Get PDFSoybean is becoming a prominent agricultural industry due to its versatility of use as inputs for different industrial sectors. Soybean products have a high value and are profitable since its huge supply and wide demand. The soybean economic value does belong to the commercial use of its joint products, soybean meal, and soybean oil. Joint product theory assumes the price of soybeans can be represented as a weighted average of returns from soybean meal and soybean oil less than the processing margin. This indicates there are price relationships between soybean as a raw product towards its meal and oil through crush processing. Therefore, the objective of this research is to investigate the price transmission between these three products and analyzed factors that influencing them. Monthly time series data in respect of international prices were obtained. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test and the Johansen cointegration technique were utilized to test the stationarity and the long-run relationship between three variables respectively. The result indicates the existence of one cointegrating long-run equilibrium relationship between these variables. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimates revealed that soybean price is the only one that reacts to correct equilibrium since oil and meal have huge markets.
Keywords: soybean, soybean meal, soybean oil, joint product, VEC
Competitive Analysis of The Sumatra Rubber Industry in Asean Free Market
Get PDFThe objectives of this research are to analyze (1) competitiveness and potential market attractiveness and business strength of rubber Sumatran in the ASEAN Market (2) Factors affect the Sumatran rubber industry competitiveness in the ASEAN market. The type of data used for this research development is primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from stakeholders, both exporters and producers in the rubber industry around North Sumatra and Riau. This research is using EPD and SEM PLS analysis methods. The Results of the RCA index shows that Indonesia ranks second after Vietnam for competitiveness. EPD analysis method shows that rubber and other rubber products are on the Lost Opportunity position in the ASEAN market. On the other hand, SEM PLS shows that in six latent variables, there are four variables that have an impact on Sumatran rubber industry competitiveness, two variables have a positive effect while the other two variables have a negative effect.
Keywords: rubber Sumatran, ASEAN Market, competitiveness and potential market, SEM PLS, RC
Digital Marketing Strategy of Small and Medium Enterprises for Snack in Bogor City
Get PDFSnack MSME (Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises) is one of the business unit categories that has great potential to be developed at this moment. This study aimed to formulate digital marketing alternative strategies for snack MSME in Bogor. This study began with the analysis of respondent characteristics, both for MSME respondents and consumer respondents. The next step was an analysis of marketing strategies of snack MSME and consumer online purchasing behavior pattern This study also analyzed consumer satisfaction level to MSME digital marketing performance with Importance Performance Analysis, while also mapping consumer preferences based on digital marketing mix. The final step was to develop a digital marketing strategy based on the 4C marketing mix. This research resulted in eleven digital marketing strategies, which were increasing the durability of snack food products, providing a variety of diverse product flavors, designing attractive packaging and brand appearance, providing information on products nutritional value, determining affordable prices, utilizing appropriate information media, choosing appropriate promotional media, creating attractive promotions for consumers, displaying consumer testimonials, displaying honest pictures and product descriptions, and providing various types of the payment instrument.
Keywords: consumer online snack purchasing behavior, marketing mix 4C, snack MSME, digital marketing strateg
Farmers’ Behavioral Intention to Adopt Peer-To-Peer Lending Using UTAUT2 Approach
Get PDFThe limited access of smallholder farmers to funding sources is one of the main challenges facing Indonesia agriculture sector. In order to address this constraint some Fintech entities have initiated peer-to-peer (P2P) lending for funding the farming. Different from formal financial institution, farming funding P2P lending facilitates farmers by not requiring any collateral and applying profit sharing scheme instead of interest, which is in favor of smallholder farmers condition. Irrespective of the benefits, the adoption rate of farming funding P2P lending by farmers is still relatively low. Based on this background, the objective of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the behavioral intention of farmers to adopt farming funding P2P lending. This study uses variables of UTAUT2 and Schwartz Theory of Basic Values. The respondents of this research are 530 farmers in West Java, Indonesia who have and have not participated in farming funding P2P lending. The respondents are selected using purposive sampling method. The population of adopter farmers are the members of farming funding P2P lending providers Crowde and TaniFund. Whereas the non-adopter farmers are selected based on representation of various farming commodities. The data is analyzed using SEM, demonstrating the results that there are five variables showing significant correlation with behavioral intention to adopt P2P lending, which are performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, price value, habit and values.
Keywords: consumer behavior, peer-to-peer lending, technology adoption, UTAUT2, values
New Plantation Moratorium Policy and Smallholders Palm Oil Rejuvenation for Increasing Productivity of Indonesian Palm Oil
Get PDFPalm oil is one of the plantation sub-sectors that plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. Smallholder plantation with an area of more than 40% has a significant role in the development of this industry. Low productivity becomes the main problem on -in smallholder plantation. Low productivity of smallholder plantation is mainly due to the inappropriate of plant genetic material. Genetic improvement for increased productivity can be done either through new planting (extensification) and rejuvenation (intensification). Extensification constrained Presidential Instruction 10/2011 while the intensification constrained by funding issues of rejuvenation. This research conducts a literature review, in-depth interview and questionnaire method to collect opinions from the experts and practitioners. Analytical Network Process (ANP) is used to analyze the data. The results showed that the factors which influenced in this study were policy environment (41.29%), policy stakeholder (35.72%), and public policy (23.00%). The moratorium policy has not been able to improve Indonesia\u27s forest governance. This policy precludes opportunities for economic growth for the palm oil industry. The rejuvenation of the smallholder is constrained by funding problems. Access to credit- constrained aspects of land legality. Extensification barriers and intensification of smallholders threaten the sustainability of national palm oil production. Plant genetic improvements, improved legality, and law enforcement of moratorium policies are required to increase the productivity of smallholder plantations.
Keywords: moratorium, productivity, public policy, palm oil, smallholder
DETERMINANT OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS: THE CASE OF PULP & PAPER COMPANIES REGISTERED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Get PDFThe pulp and paper industry contributes to the Indonesian economy, especially to the non-oil and gas processing industry. Empirical research shows that pulp and paper companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) indicated financial distress. This study aims to find the effect of liquidity, leverage, profitability, and efficiency on pulp & paper companies\u27 financial distress listed on the IDX. Using the Altman Z-score as a measure of financial distress, it was found that profitability, efficiency, and liquidity had a significant adverse effect on financial distress. In contrast, leverage had a significant positive effect on financial distress. Profitability has the greatest influence on financial distress, so it needs the primary intention of management.
Keywords: financial distress, liquidity, profitability, leverage, efficienc