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Kadar IL-10 Mencit Balb/C Terinfeksi Plasmodium berghei dengan Pemberian Fraksi Metanol Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) sebagai Terapi Komplementer (The IL-10 level of Plasmodium berghei-infected Balb/C Mice after Methanolic Fraction of Bangle (Zingib
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Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp. The cause of mortality in malaria is the parasite’s resistance to malaria drugs and immune system problem. Interleukin-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine during plasmodium infection. Bangle is a herbal remedy that contains high amount of curcumin showing immunostimulant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of IL-10 level in Plasmodium berghei-infected Balb/C mice given with methanolic fraction of bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) as a complementary therapy. This study was a true experimental with posttest control group design using 25 mice Balb/c which divided into 5 groups (A, B, C, D and E). All groups except group A were infected with P. berghei. After positively infected, group B was not treated, C was treated with artemisinin, group D was given with artemisinin and methanolic fraction bangle 0,017 mg/gBW, group E was treated with methanolic fraction bangle 0,017 mg/gBW. The result showed that group D had the highest-level of IL-10 among the treatment groups. The Post Hoc LSD test showed p value ≥ 0,05. In conclusion, there was no significant difference of IL-10 serum level in P. berghei-infected Balb/C mice given with methanolic fraction of bangle (Z. cassumunar Roxb.) as complementary therapy.
Keywords: Interleukin-10, Plasmodium berghei, Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.)
 
Konsumsi Kopi Robusta Menurunkan Kekuatan Tulang Femur Tikus Wistar Jantan
Get PDFCaffeine in coffee is suspected to decrease the bone mineral density and increase the risk factor of osteoporosis, however the contents of coffee is not only caffeine. Considering the great number of people consuming coffee daily, therefore, the study is conducted to investigate the effect of robusta coffee consumption on the femoral bone strength in male wistar rats. Thirty male wistar rats were subjected for the study. They were divided into three groups, i.e control group (K) without robusta coffee consumption, treatment group 1 (P1) with robusta coffee consumption of 0,9 mg/gBW, and treatment group 2 (P2) with robusta coffee consumption of 2,7 mg/gBW. After 21 days, the rats were terminated and the right and the left femurs were collected for force bone test. The force bone test of P1 and P2 group demonstrated weaker bones than K group, and there was no difference effect of P1 group compared to P2 group on the femoral bone strength in male wistar rats. It can be concluded that robusta coffee consumption has negative effect on the bone strenght and hence causing bones more fragile, and there was no difference on effect of 0,9 mg/g BW compared to 2,7 mg/g BW.
 
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Glaukoma pada Klien Berisiko di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jenggawah Kabupaten Jember
Get PDFGlaucoma was an eye disorder characterized by increased pressure on the eyeball, optic nerve opticatrophy and diminution of the visual field. Clients' knowledge towards glaucoma was important tohave such an early detection. It was done to avoid the blindness causes of glaucoma. The objectivesof this research were to analyze the correlation between knowledge with prevention efforts glaucomadisease in the area of Jenggawah clinical. This research was used in observational analytic designwith cross sectional approach. A total of 39 respondents obtained by purposive sampling technique.The data analysis that used was Spearman correlation test with significance level 0,05. The resultswas showed that the average value of knowledge level was 17.49 and the average at preventioneffort of glaucoma disease was 75.03. There was a significant relationship between the level ofknowledge with prevention efforts glaucoma disease (p value = 0.001, r = 0.600). There were astrong and positive correlation which means the higher in the level of knowledge that made a goodprevention of glaucoma disease. This study showed that the importance of providing knowledgeabout glaucoma disease to increase prevention of glaucoma disease in risky clientsKeywords: client is at risk, knowledge level, prevention of glaucoma diseas
Pengaruh Prosedur Orientasi terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Pasien yang Menjalani Terapi Oksigen Hiperbarik (TOHB) di Rumah Sakit Paru Jember
Get PDFHyperbaric oxygen therapy is a treatment method in patients with inhaling pure oxygen at pressuresgreater than normal atmospheric pressure. Patients who first followed the hyperbaric therapy willgenerally feel anxiety due to side effects of hyperbaric therapy. Orientation procedure can be used todecrease level of anxiety of patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of theorientation procedure on the level of anxiety of patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy atRumah Sakit Paru Jember. The design of study was pre experimental design with one group pretestand post test. The sampling technique was consecutive sampling involving 32 respondents. Datawere analyzed with Wilcoxon Test. The result showed a significant decrease of moderate anxiety tomild anxiety with implementation of orientation procedure (p=0.000). It can be concluded that thereis an effect of the orientation procedure on the level of anxiety of patients undergoing hyperbaricoxygen therapy at Rumah Sakit Paru Jember. The provision of adequate information and theintroduction of a hyperbaric chamber every corner of the room so that the patient is able to adapt tothe first experience, so that the necessary role of nurses in assisting the patient to provide referralsfor patients who want to undergoing hyperbaric therapy in order to follow the therapy process untilcomplete. Orientation procedure of hyperbaric therapy can be applied as one of method to decreaselevel of anxiety of patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapyKeywords: orientation procedure, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, level of anxiet
Potensi Ekstrak Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum Linn) terhadap Penurunan Jumlah Koloni Streptococcus mutans
Get PDFStreptococcus mutans is a bacteria that initiates the formation of plaque on the tooth surface. S. mutans works by fermenting carbohydrates to produce an acidic atmosphere, so the plaque pH becomes low, this condition can lead to demineralization of enamel and dentin commonly called caries. One of alternative treatment to reduce the population of S. mutans by using herbal plants, namely red pomegranate. Red pomegranate contains flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids as antibacterial. This study aimed to determine the inhibition of red pomegranate extract on growth of S. mutans. The method used is by counting the number of S. mutans using a colony counter. This method with 4 samples in each study group. The study group consists of 4 treatment groups (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% red pomegranate extract), positive control group (chlorhexidine), and negative control group (sterile aquades). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney test. Red pomegranate extract has the ability to inhibit the growth of S. mutans. The concentration of red pomegranate extract that has the greatest inhibitory effect on S. mutans growth is 100%.
Keyword: Antibacterial, Streptococcus mutans, caries, red pomegranate fruit extrac
Hubungan antara Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien dan Pengawas Menelan Obat (PMO) dengan Kepatuhan Pasien Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Jember
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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that mostly affects developing countries. In Indonesia, TB incidence increases every year due to patient inadherence to the standard DOTS therapy. The TB patients inadherence can be associated with poor knowledge among patients and treatment observers. This cross-sectional research aimed to explore the correlation between knowledge level of TB patients and their treatment observers and patient adherence. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from 65 respondents from their primary health centers in Jember Regency, East Java. Knowledge of the respondents was evaluated using a 16 items questionnaire and patient adherence was assesed using the translated version of morisky medication adherence scale-8 (MMAS-8) questionnaire. The Spearman Rho correlation test resulted in p value of 0,043 between patients knowledge and patients adherence. Statistically significant correlation was also found between the knowledge of treatment observers and TB patients adherence (p= 0,015). These results suggested the needs to improve knowledge about TB not only for TB patients, but also their treatment observers.
Keywords: TB patient, treatment observer, knowledge, compliance
 
Kajian Keputusan Badan Usaha terhadap Kepesertaan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional di Kabupaten Jember (Corporations Decision on the Involvement in National Health Insurance in Jember)
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National Health Insurance (NHI) is a part of the National System of Social Insurance which is estabilished by Social Agencies of Health. One of the problems in NHI is corporations membership. All employers such as State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN), large, medium or small scale corporations are the target member of NHI, at least by January 1st 2015, but this target has yet to be actualized. The number of corporation in Jember, by February 2017, has reached 2451 and only 954 corporations were registered (38,92%). The objectives of this study was to assess corporations decision on NHI membership. The study applied qualitative case study. Informant determination technique uses purposive sampling. The results showed that the components of input was not appropriate. Knowledge, perception on product characteristics and need of informants were low, reference group posed significant influence on the corporations decision making in taking part in NHI. The decision making process has yet optimal in the problem or needs analysis and alternative evaluation, corporations tended to be passive in searching information. The output was membership classification of corporations in NHI has yet to be actualized.
Key Words : National Health Insurance, Corporatio
Aktivitas antibakteri Pleurotus ostreatus varietas Grey Oyster pada Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus varieties Gray oyster is often consumed by the community because it tastes delicious and contains nutrients for health but utilization for medical treatment has not been studied. The aim of this research was to analyze antimicrobial potential compounds in P. ostreatus and to investigate the inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphyllococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research was experimental type with treatment variation 0.1; 0.25; 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2% of P. ostreatus extract, with 5 replicates. Antimicrobial potential compounds was analyzed by qualitative phytochemical test while antibacterial activity evaluated by calculating the inhibition zone diameter presented as the bright zone formed in the surroundings paper discs on bacterial cultures using solid medium. Phytochemical analysis obtained positive results for flavonoid, tannin and terpenoid compounds. The effect of mushroom extract on the bacterial growth inhibition were analyzed by One Way Anova test. The result showed that the inhibitory growth diameter for both bacteria was not significantly different. It meant that the difference in concentration variations of P. ostreatus extracts of 0.25 and 0.50 did not cause different inhibitory effects on S. aureus and P aeruginosa bacteria and 0.1% concentration was capable of causing inhibitory effect.
 
Pengaruh Range of Motion (ROM) Aktif Kaki terhadap Risiko terjadinya Ulkus Kaki Diabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Desa Kaliwining Kabupaten Jember
Get PDFDiabetic foot ulcer is one of serious complications in diabetic patients which can lead to amputation.Active Leg range of motion (ROM) exercise is one of physical activities which can improve bloodcirculation in lower extremities. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of active legROM on the risk of diabetic foot ulcer. This research employed non randomized control group pretestpostest design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling involving 30 repondents whichwere divided into 15 respondents as intervention group and 15 respondents as control group. Thedata were analyzed using dependent t test and independent t test with significant level of 0.05. Theresult revealed a significant difference between pretest and posttest in the intervention group (p =0.000) but no significant difference in the control group (p = 0.582). Furthemore, independent t testshowed a significant difference between intervention group and control group (p = 0.000). This resultindicates that there is a significant effect of active leg ROM on the risk of diabetic foot ulcer in clientwith type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nurse is expected to apply range of motion as one of intervention toprevent diabetic foot ulcer in diabetes mellitus patients.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, active leg range of motion, risk of diabetic foot ulce
Perbandingan Luas Permukaan Telapak Tangan terhadap Luas Permukaan Tubuh berdasar Jenis Kelamin dan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Dewasa Muda (Comparison of Hand Surface Area on Body Surface Area based on Sex and Body Mass Index in Young Adults )
Get PDFHand surface area is considered as 1% of body surface area is used as one way in determining the extent of burns. There are differences of percentage of hand surface area in literatures. This study aimed to determine the ratio of hand surface area and palm surface area towards body surface area in young adults at the University of Jember based on Body Mass Index (BMI) and sex. This study was observational analytic with cross sectional approach. The samples were 120 young adults at the University of Jember, divided into 4 groups of BMI i.e. thin, normal, overweight, and obese. The analysis used in this study was One Way Anova and Independent T-test. The average percentage of the hand surface area on male 0.757%, female 0.702%, thin group 0.794%, normal 0.747%, overweight 0.704%, and obese 0.677%. Test analysis between men and women obtained significance value <0.05 while between groups of BMI obtained significance value <0.05 except between overweight and obese. It concluded that the percentage of hand surface area was different between genders and BMI groups. The percentage of the hand surface area was smaller with an increase of BMI.
Keywords: hand surface area, body surface area, body mass index, sex