Tesa Arsitektur, Journal of Architectural Discourses
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KONSEP KEARIFAN LOKAL DARI KONSTRUKSI RUMAH VERNAKULAR DI PESISIR BARAT ACEH UNTUK PERANCANGAN ARSITEKTUR MODERN (Studi Kasus: Wilayah DAS Krueng Tripa, kabupaten Nagan Raya)
Full text linkPermukiman di wilayah pesisir Barat Aceh tumbuh mengelompok, linier mengikuti garis pantai, sungai, dan jalan. Mayoritas permukiman berada di kawasan pasang surut air laut atau di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) dengan lingkungan berawa dan basah. Permukiman tersebut telah berkembang lama dan membentuk sistem hunian yang adaptif dengan kondisi lingkungannya. Seperti pada permukiman di lokasi penelitian, masyarakat yang bermukim di wilayah Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Krueng Tripa, Nagan Raya ini secara tradisional telah membangun huniannya dengan konstruksi panggung menggunakan material lokal sebagai bentuk adaptasi dengan lingkungannya. Kearifan lokal rumah vernakular di Tripa Bawah ini tercermin melalui kemampuan konstruksinya dalam menghadapi kondisi lingkungan rawa, dan banjir. Pembangunan hunian dengan konstruksi di atas tanah oleh masyarakat, mengakibatkan banjir semakin sering terjadi. Masyarakat setempat telah mengabaikan pengaruh lingkungan terhadap kekuatan hunian dan hunian yang sehat. Rumah-rumah nampak basah pada pondasi dan dinding, serta ruang dalam yang lembab. Beberapa bangunan rumah terlihat posisinya sudah miring dan labil. Sangat perlu adanya pengendalian pembangunan sebelum lingkungan permukiman tersebut lebih rusak, kehilangan identitas, yang mengakibatkan bencana yang lebih parah. Kajian ini bertujuan menggali kearifan lokal dari konstruksi rumah vernakular yang disebut rumoh santeut, agar dapat dijadikan konsep oleh masyarakat local untuk membangun hunian yang adaptif dengan lingkungannya. Kegiatan diawali dengan mengkaji tipologi konstruksi rumah vernakular untuk memahami konsep adaptasi konstruksi terhadap lingkungan rawa dan banjir. Selanjutnya menganalisa konsep yang relevan untuk pembangunan dengan teknologi setempat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan penelusuran pustaka. Adapun penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Analisis dilakukan dengan teori tipomorfologi arsitektur dengan melihat kriteria konstruksi bangunan, fungsi konstruksi, dan material konstruksi. Hasil kajian menyimpulkan bahwa konsep konstruksi rumoh santeut yang dikaji masih relevan untuk membangun permukiman di pesisir Barat Aceh. Konsep konstruksi rumah vernakular ini bisa dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat dengan teknik membangun lokal yaitu teknik cor beton, karena tidak ada kendala terhadap sistem struktur/konstruksi, dan bahan bangunan dalam mengaplikasikannya. Hal ini merupakan kearifan lokal untuk mengatasi permasalahan di kawasan DAS Rawa Tripa.
Kata Kunci:Konstruksi Rumoh Santeut, Teknologi Lokal, Lahan Basa
POLA PEMBAGIAN LAHAN PEKARANGAN DI RUMAH TRADISIONAL JAWA BERDASAR SISTEM PEMBAGIAN WARISAN, STUDI KASUS: JERON BETENG, KRATON, YOGYAKARTA (House Yard Distribution Pattern in Javanese Traditional Houses Based on the Inheritance Distribution System Case Study: Jeron Banteng, Kraton, Yogyakarta)
Full text linkBudaya selalu berubah dan berkembang sesuai dengan perubahan alam pemikiran dari manusia pada tempat itu.Perubahan tersebut merupakan perwujudan alam pemikiran masyarakat yang bersifat kontradiktif antara mempertahankan masa lalu dengan perubahan yang disebabkan oleh perkembangan kebutuhan masyarakat. Salah satu aspek dari perubahan dalam rumah tradisional adalah perubahan kepemilikan yang disebabkan oleh pembagian warisan. Perubahan kepemilikan ini merupakan salah satu permasalahan signifikan dalam penataan pada permukiman tradisional. Perubahan kepemilikan secara tidak langsung akan mengakibatkan perubahan tata ruang dan massa bangunan tradisional yang diakibatkan perkembangan kebutuhan dari masing-masing rumah tinggaL Pada akhirnya, pembagian kepemilikan lahan dapat mengakibatkan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan permukiman tradisional sebagai warisan budaya yang perlu dipertahankan. Penelitian dilakukan di JI. Siliran, Jeron Seteng, Kraton Yogyakarta dengan metode kualitatifempiris. Data didapatkan melalui teknik wawancara mendalam. Kajian ini ditekankan pada rumah tradisional yang telah mengalami pembagian warisan. Dari penelitian tersebut didapat pola pembagian lahan pekarangan yang dapat menjadi rujukan dalam penataan rumah tradisional
DESAIN RUMAH HEINZ FRICK YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DAN TERJANGKAU (Heinz Frick's House Design that is Environmentally Friendly and Affordable)
No full textABSTRACT
The house design made by Dr.Heinz Frick, Semarang, had design features that were environmentally friendly and affordable. Firstly, the house used local labor as well as local materials beside secondhand building materials and environmentally friendly materials. Secondly, it was very functionally designed by having adequate space size, attractive scenery and adequate lighting. Thirdly, the house was built to create public awareness about sustainable design although it had not entirely been successful because of the economic and social barriers Indonesian people. Fourthly, preservation of cultural diversity was verily considered by Dr. Frick, especially Javanese culture having the concepts of the pavilion, joglo (Javanese traditional building design), and implementation of the terrace as a dining room and as a room for social interaction with the local community. Fifthly, strategy of maximizing cross air circulation and of reducing the moisture was applied in the design of the house. This was done by an open design using nako glass windows, ventilation holes, and jalousie doors that were fitted with wire gauze. Finally, water saving strategy was also applied in the house design. This was done by using rainwater for any use but not for drinking. Meanwhile, water from the Regional Water Company (PDAM) was used for drinking and cooking. It could be concluded that Dr. Heinz Frick's house design was to be a proper solution for Indonesia because of its appropriate and affordable design.
Keywords: house design, environmentally friendly, affordable.
ABSTRAK
Desain Rumah karya Dr. Heinz Frick, Semarang, memiliki fitur - fitur desain yang ramah lingkungan sekaligus tetap terjangkau. Hal ini dimulai dengan menggunakan tenaga lokal dan material lokal, material bangunan bekas, dan material ramah lingkungan. Kedua, rumah ini didesain secara sangat fungsional dengan ukuran ruang yang memadai, pemandangan yang menarik serta pencahayaan yang memadai. Ketiga, rumah ini dibangun untul menciptakan tentang kesadaran masyarakat untuk desain berkelanjutan, walaupun belum berhasil sepenuhnya karena hambatan ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat Indonesia. Keempat, pelestarian keragaman budaya sangat diperhatikan oleh Dr. Frick, terutama budaya Jawa yang memiliki kansep pendapo, jagla, dan diterapkannya teras sebagai ruann makan dan interaksi sosial dengan komunitas setempat.
Kelima, Strategi memaksimalkan sirkulasi udara silang dan mengurangi kelembabafl diterapkan dalam desain rumah ini. Hal ini dilakukan dengan desain bukaan dengan dijumpainya jendela nako, lubang ventilasi, dan pintu jalusi yang dilengkapi dengan kawat kasa. Terakhir, strategi penghematan air diterapkan juga dalam desain rumah ini. Hal ini dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan air hujan untuk penggunaan air yang tidak diminum. Sementara, air dari Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM)
penggunaan air yang tidak diminum. Sementara, air dari Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) masih digunakan untuk minum dan memasak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa desain rumah Dr. Heinz Frick ini merupakan solusi yang tepat untuk Indonesia karena desainnya yang tepat guna dan terjangkau.
Kata Kunci : desain rumah, ramah lingkungan, terjangka
PENGARUH AKTIVITAS PENUNJANG WISATA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TATA RUANG DESA DAN TATA RUANG RUMAH TINGGAL STUDI KASUS: DESA WISATA BEJIHARJO, YOGYAKARTA (The Influence of Tourism Supporting Activity toward The Spatial Changes in Village and houses, Case Study
Full text linkYogyakarta is the Indonesias province that has strong traditional tourism attractions. One of them is tourism villages. This study was taken place in Desa Wisata Bejiharjo, Kecamatan Karangmojo, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study was to know the spatial change that has occured in Dusun Glaran I and Dusun Bulu as a result of the addition of new activities as tourism villages, and further to know the factors that has affected to the changes. This study used the qualitative rationalistic method with spatial and socio-cultural theory as the grand theory based on related theory. Data collection was done by observation and purposive sampling interview. Data analysis was done based on the variables formulated. In conclusion, the spatial space in Desa Bejiharjo has changed. The spatial space in Dusun Glaran I have changed because of the growing tourism activities which concentrated in certain area. As a result, the village patterns has changed and developed closer to the certain facilities. In the contrary, the spatial space in Dusun Bulu tend to be static because the lack of tourism activities. For gotong royong aspect, it was found that in both villages, it has well established. However, if modernity and individualistic aspects began to affect Dusun Glaran I, the keguyuban aspect will begin to disappea
RUMAH PRODUKTIF (SEJAHTERA) BAGI MASYARAKAT TANPA PEKERJAAN (The Productive House for Jobless People)
Full text linkThe basic function of house has as place for growth and development of family. The terminology of the decent house is not only limited to the physical aspect but also to be proper on the social, cultural and economic (non-physical aspects). The definition of house as a place that support a welfare of the occupant is not reached yet. The high rates of the unemployment in Indonesia, from the standpoint of housing shows that the function of house is not optimized yet. It have not been find a concept of productive house base on the culture gotong-royong is the the main problem in this research.This study aims to explore the concept of home and housing provision that can improve the welfare of its inhabitants. The research method is to conduct exploration analysis approach concepts and values of the family home as development human aspect of environmental, social, and economic. The results of the study is the concept of a productive house model
PENGARUH FAKTOR NON FISIK TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN POLA RUANG BANGUNAN PADA RUMOH ACEH DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR (The Effect of non-physical factors to form the building space pattern of Rumoh aceh at Aceh Besar)
Full text linkAceh Besar is a district which started the development of rumoh aceh architecture in Aceh Province. rumoh aceh has a building space pattern that consists of a ground level, space under the building, and upper space. The concept of building space pattern in rumoh aceh is unique. It introduces a triangular equilibrium of relations between men, God, and the environment. Non-physical factors affect the formation of spatial pattern building on rumoh aceh. The involvement of the Islamic concept affected indirectly the creation of rumoh Acehs spatial pattern. The purpose of this research is to find a non-physical factors which influence the bulding space pattern of rumoh aceh, as well as to find the ideas and knowledge of Rumoh aceh. However, the finding may not rule out the possibilities of further research which implements the concept of aceh rumoh space into a more modern residential space. This research used qualitative descriptive method which performs direct observation of the building space pattern formed, as well as finding the effect on non-phisical factors which are found in the observation area. The formation of the pattern also could be changed by considering the factors of kinship, customs, social, economic, and culture of the Acehnese
PEMENUHAN AIR BERSIH METODA RAIN WATER HARVESTING SKALA RUMAH TINGGAL SEBAGAI SOLUSI TEKNOLOGI YANG EKOLOGIS (Meeting the Clean Water Sufficiency by Implementing Residential-Scaled Rain Water Harvesting Method as a Ecologically Technological Solution)
No full textABSTRAC.T Lack of clean water supply is one of the serious societal problems, especially in big cities in Indonesia. Water is usually got from groundwater and shallow groundwater resources. They having low income can only get surface water sources (rivers) that is very low qualified and to bring assorted illness. Actually there is another source spending abundant of clean water that can be utilized besides reducing the environmental destruction impacts. It is rain water. As it is known that rain, for the time being, tend to puddle and to lead to flooding, especially in downtowns. Rain also causes land- sliding because there is no open land remaining to absorb the rainwater. All ground surfaces are coated with a water-resistant pavement, including watelWays. Rain water utilization as clean water will minimize the possibility of these effects. Such rainwater utilization is known as Rain water Harvesting System for getting clean water. By having certain technologies rain water utilization can be easily done at a residential scale, both simple to advanced technologies. Keywords: clean water, environment, rain water. ABSTRAK Kurangnya pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih bagi masyarakat merupakan persoalan yang cukup besar. Terutama di kota-kota besar di Indonesia. Sumber air bersih tersebut adalah dari air tanah dangkal maupun air tanah dangkal. Sementara bagi masyarakat dengan tingkat ekonomi rendah hanya dapat memanfaatkan sumber air permukaan (sungai) dengan kualitas sangat rendah dan berindikasi menyebabkan penyakit. Sebenarnya terdapat sumber air bersih lain yang tidak kurang dalam jumlah yang dapat dimanfaatkan dan justru dapat mengurangi dampak perusakan lingkungan adalah air hujan. Seperti diketahui bahwa pada masa sekarang, hujan lebih mengakibatkan genangangenangan air bahkan banjir di daerah bawah dan juga kelongsoran tanah, karena hampir tidak tersisanya tanah terbuka di derah perkotaan yang mampu menyerap air hujan. Semua permukaan tanah dilapis dengan perkerasan yang kedap air, termasuk juga saluran air. Pemanfaatan air hujan sebagai air bersih justru dapat meminimalisir kemungkinan dampakdampak tersebut. Bentuk dari pemanfaatan air hujan sebagai air bersih dikenal dengan Sistem Pemanenan Air Hujan (Rain Water Harvesting) untuk air bersih. Dengan teknologi tertentu pemanfaatan air hujan dapat dilakukan dengan mudah pada skala rumah tingga/ baik dengan teknologi yang sederhana sampai tinggi
AKULTURASI RUANG PADA RUMAH TINGGAL DI PERMUKIMAN SEKITAR KERATON SUMENEP, MADURA (Space Acculturation of Dwelling in a Settlement around Sumenep Palace, Madura)
Full text linkAtas Taman village is a settlement located at the Sumenep palace nearby. It has been acculturated by the Chinese culture, one of the significant influence that affect the architecture of Sumenep since 18th century including the houses. Most of Chinese who came to Sumenep work as the artisan and the craftman at that periode. The aim of this study is to identify the space characteristic of houses of Atas Taman village which is influenced by the style of Chinese houses. Interpretation history and qualitative method were used to complete the data by observing and unstructured interview on house owner and the stakeholders who related to the object of research. The data were analyzed by comparing among the space of houses in Atas Taman and Madura traditional houses to include the space of Chinese houses. This study showed that people in Atas Taman Village still maintain the culture of Madura at their home, especially in the aspect of space, even though the culture has been acculturated to the Chinese culture. They integrated tanean lanjang and Chinese houses. Each of them has a meaning behind it but the people in Atas Taman change the house plan consider to the function of the space and their activities
WISATA ZIARAH PERMUKIMAN DESA GUNUNG PRING MUNTILAN (Wayfinding as a solution for the Direction Sign in the Pilgrimage Village Tourism Zone in the Gunung Pring Muntilan)
Full text linkRural areas generally offer a natural beautiful green atmosphere both social, economic, cultural, religious, traditions, architecture of the building as well as the arrangement of the different neighborhoods of the city. The existence of a religious pilgrimage site based in the village of Gunung Pring Muntilan, Central Java raises the potential for rural development. But the arrival of pilgrims in the village of Gunung Pring especially in the summer season approaching month of Ramadan or other pilgrimages often affect the circulation path that led to the problems of congestion. Although the environment has been reorganized, still appears the issue of seasonal population density and traffic congestion. Structuring the housing environment (zoning) that has been done has not been followed by the provision of design information such as the identity of the name and directions for pedestrians and vehicles passing around the tourist zone of pilgrimage village of Gunung Pring. This paper aims to identify and describe the design needs wayfinding information such as driving directions in the solution (zone) pilgrimage Mount Pring. The study was conducted by using descriptiveanalytical analysis. The findings of the study revealed, it takes adequate directions so that the circulation path to be smoot
PERAN MASYARAKAT DAN PERMUKIMAN NELAYAN SEBAGAI DASAR PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN MINAPOLITAN DI LAMONGAN, Studi Kasus Permukiman Minapolis Brondong Lamongan (The Role of Community and Fishing Settlement as a Basis for the Development of the Minapolitan Area i
Full text linkThe Settlement fishermen is as basic area that contain all the activities of the fishermen in daily life and economic. Moreover, regional development as the settlement Minneapolitan area is using the strategic steps in order to create prosperity of fishermen. Such as: (1) strengthening the local economy and fishery small-scale; (2) strengthening business Secondary Schools As well (UMA); and (3) development of maritime economy and the region, based on fisheries management system. Problems that need to be addressed in any settlement fishermen, is how seamlessly integrates all the potential to improve the economy and the community empowerment. The methods used in this research is using combination approach between rationalistic and naturalistic with the method of qualitative/quantitative exploration. For identifying characteristic coastal settlement in the region, the analysis using adaptation study of Ekistics method that is one of the way to learn more about the settlement scientifically.
This research aims to develop the concept settlement Minneapolis, and its role in developing the region Minneapolitan. The process toward development concept settlement Minneapolis, needs to identify the characteristics settlement specifically. This research result can be known the community living characteristic, public life coastal village that has a very important roles in the developing of Minneapolitan region in Lamongan distric